Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Australia Europe Global - Land North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.37
Control	[-]	5.96		1.59	4.19	1.00		0.734	0.378	0.841	0.583
Randomized	[-]	6.68		2.31	4.49	1.52		0.672	0.373	0.817	0.559

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.11
Control	[-]	0.574		-2.54	3.47	1.02		0.440	0.402	0.933	0.544
Randomized	[-]	0.731		-2.38	3.63	1.02		0.465	0.398	0.933	0.549

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.77
Control	[-]	0.785		-2.98	4.10	1.03		0.354	0.373	0.930	0.508
Randomized	[-]	0.794		-2.97	4.08	1.03		0.356	0.375	0.930	0.509

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.41
Control	[-]	1.21		-0.203	3.61	3.52		0.398	0.265	0.327	0.314
Randomized	[-]	1.37		-0.0402	3.61	3.52		0.372	0.265	0.327	0.307

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	7.09
Control	[-]	5.66		-1.44	2.08	1.02		0.126	0.136	0.933	0.333
Randomized	[-]	5.60		-1.50	2.02	1.02		0.116	0.131	0.933	0.327

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.94
Control	[-]	2.55		-0.387	2.24	1.02		0.730	0.526	0.933	0.679
Randomized	[-]	2.74		-0.195	2.45	1.02		0.699	0.514	0.933	0.665

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.37
Control	[-]	2.64		0.264	1.49	1.19		0.783	0.514	0.869	0.670
Randomized	[-]	2.90		0.523	2.03	0.935		0.755	0.482	0.883	0.651

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.19
Control	[-]	3.02		-0.0427	2.74	1.24		0.445	0.307	0.890	0.487
Randomized	[-]	3.00		-0.0659	2.75	1.32		0.462	0.305	0.888	0.490

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.92
Control	[-]	2.83		-1.08	2.80	0.661		0.636	0.518	0.957	0.657
Randomized	[-]	2.91		-1.01	2.84	0.646		0.645	0.507	0.958	0.654

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.35
Control	[-]	2.63		-0.708	2.62	0.924		0.590	0.460	0.889	0.600
Randomized	[-]	2.70		-0.645	2.66	0.864		0.596	0.454	0.901	0.601

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.829
Control	[-]	1.83		1.01	2.87	0.00		0.353	0.187	1.00	0.432
Randomized	[-]	1.84		1.01	2.87	0.00		0.352	0.182	1.00	0.429

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.58
Control	[-]	7.48		0.894	2.45	3.57		0.669	0.360	0.369	0.440
Randomized	[-]	7.51		0.929	2.54	2.55		0.659	0.358	0.552	0.482

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.42
Control	[-]	2.24		-1.18	2.79	0.468		0.658	0.526	0.955	0.666
Randomized	[-]	2.31		-1.11	2.70	0.414		0.668	0.531	0.957	0.672

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.29
Control	[-]	2.85		0.566	1.81	0.271		0.753	0.524	0.977	0.695
Randomized	[-]	2.85		0.565	1.94	0.00		0.755	0.503	1.00	0.690

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.33
Control	[-]	1.72		-0.607	2.40	1.09		0.558	0.386	0.878	0.552
Randomized	[-]	1.70		-0.627	2.35	1.06		0.563	0.402	0.883	0.562

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.65
Control	[-]	7.18		-2.47	3.27	4.71		0.251	0.288	0.193	0.255
Randomized	[-]	7.27		-2.38	3.17	4.03		0.265	0.285	0.342	0.294

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.98
Control	[-]	4.67		-2.31	2.53	0.00		0.293	0.443	1.00	0.545
Randomized	[-]	4.78		-2.20	2.62	0.00		0.311	0.396	1.00	0.526

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.99
Control	[-]	1.14		-7.85	8.54	1.02		0.0601	0.367	0.933	0.431
Randomized	[-]	1.77		-7.21	8.01	1.02		0.0753	0.356	0.933	0.430

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:

2015

  Institutions:

FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  References:

Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:

Fluxnet variable(s) used: GPP_DT_VUT_REF