Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.60
Control	[-]	4.49	4.48	3.60		3.57		0.892	1.95	1.33		0.390	0.402	0.813	0.783	0.558
Randomized	[-]	4.65	4.64	3.60		3.57		1.04	2.06	1.41		0.365	0.371	0.801	0.772	0.536

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.26
Control	[-]	2.19	2.15	2.24		3.38		-0.0879	1.31	0.371		0.390	0.395	0.957	0.861	0.600
Randomized	[-]	2.28	2.24	2.24		3.38		0.00288	1.35	0.385		0.381	0.380	0.956	0.861	0.592

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.31
Control	[-]	2.58	2.57	2.29		2.62		0.283	1.28	0.705		0.457	0.540	0.912	0.838	0.657
Randomized	[-]	2.62	2.61	2.29		2.62		0.323	1.30	0.858		0.449	0.523	0.898	0.827	0.644

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.964
Control	[-]	1.61	1.61	0.954		1.08		0.707	0.857	0.946		0.110	0.390	0.882	0.799	0.514
Randomized	[-]	1.59	1.59	0.954		1.08		0.689	0.839	1.01		0.121	0.397	0.871	0.802	0.518

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.91
Control	[-]	10.5	10.5	7.00		6.60		2.50	4.52	1.91		0.272	0.464	0.711	0.219	0.426
Randomized	[-]	10.7	10.7	7.00		6.60		2.68	4.67	1.90		0.269	0.442	0.712	0.213	0.416

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.37
Control	[-]	2.22	2.22	1.36		1.95		0.867	1.00	1.17		0.0798	0.486	0.847	0.764	0.533
Randomized	[-]	2.23	2.23	1.36		1.95		0.874	1.02	1.24		0.0723	0.458	0.841	0.770	0.520

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.57
Control	[-]	2.05	2.05	1.53		3.96		0.642	1.07	0.839		0.361	0.521	0.884	0.813	0.620
Randomized	[-]	2.09	2.09	1.53		3.96		0.680	1.12	0.879		0.346	0.488	0.895	0.809	0.606

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.61
Control	[-]	4.69	4.69	3.51		4.92		1.56	3.04	0.927		0.308	0.318	0.887	0.666	0.499
Randomized	[-]	4.69	4.69	3.51		4.92		1.57	3.07	0.942		0.320	0.309	0.879	0.668	0.497

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.980
Control	[-]	1.81	1.82	0.991		0.722		0.825	0.950	1.52		0.0140	0.382	0.790	0.890	0.492
Randomized	[-]	1.82	1.83	0.991		0.722		0.833	0.958	1.58		0.0149	0.376	0.785	0.886	0.488

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.61
Control	[-]	1.49	1.48	1.54		2.56		0.120	0.503	0.784		0.668	0.725	0.899	0.931	0.790
Randomized	[-]	1.46	1.46	1.54		2.56		0.0975	0.570	0.876		0.668	0.656	0.889	0.924	0.759

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.94
Control	[-]	2.70	2.70	1.94		2.01		0.740	0.934	1.34		0.270	0.664	0.801	0.771	0.634
Randomized	[-]	2.74	2.75	1.94		2.01		0.785	0.999	1.42		0.249	0.613	0.786	0.758	0.604

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.05
Control	[-]	2.48	2.48	1.99	1.09	3.03		0.605	1.27	1.18		0.377	0.537	0.834	0.761	0.609
Randomized	[-]	2.52	2.52	1.99	1.08	3.03		0.647	1.32	1.25		0.370	0.509	0.827	0.749	0.593

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.384
Control	[-]	0.363	0.367	0.373		0.670		0.0200	0.277	1.46		0.734	0.791	0.781	0.839	0.787
Randomized	[-]	0.373	0.377	0.373		0.670		0.0292	0.290	1.62		0.738	0.775	0.750	0.832	0.774

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.04
Control	[-]	1.79	1.78	1.04	0.738	1.15		0.752	0.918	0.789		0.102	0.476	0.914	0.796	0.553
Randomized	[-]	1.79	1.79	1.04	0.737	1.15		0.756	0.933	0.804		0.101	0.453	0.916	0.784	0.541

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.66
Control	[-]	4.01	3.99	2.55		3.24		1.54	2.51	1.07		0.310	0.383	0.848	0.596	0.504
Randomized	[-]	4.17	4.15	2.55		3.24		1.68	2.66	1.18		0.286	0.349	0.834	0.576	0.479

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.72
Control	[-]	3.13	3.16	2.70		3.25		0.508	0.823	1.89		0.407	0.585	0.705	0.960	0.648
Randomized	[-]	3.19	3.22	2.70		3.25		0.571	0.900	1.78		0.359	0.547	0.732	0.949	0.627

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.02
Control	[-]	2.84	2.84	1.98		3.24		0.976	1.17	1.18		0.122	0.552	0.833	0.780	0.568
Randomized	[-]	2.84	2.84	1.98		3.24		0.985	1.20	1.22		0.118	0.518	0.831	0.761	0.549

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.05
Control	[-]	1.60	1.61	1.03		1.97		0.597	0.864	1.25		0.377	0.524	0.825	0.660	0.582
Randomized	[-]	1.65	1.65	1.03		1.97		0.645	0.923	1.21		0.344	0.489	0.837	0.649	0.562

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	5.43
Control	[-]	6.78	6.80	5.47		4.06		1.46	3.07	0.728		0.399	0.430	0.917	0.449	0.525
Randomized	[-]	6.99	7.01	5.47		4.06		1.67	3.22	0.792		0.369	0.403	0.912	0.438	0.505

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.25
Control	[-]	3.46	3.45	3.26		3.03		0.219	1.31	1.04		0.476	0.582	0.863	0.748	0.650
Randomized	[-]	3.52	3.51	3.26		3.03		0.279	1.32	1.11		0.493	0.561	0.866	0.763	0.649

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.25
Control	[-]	2.38	2.41	1.26		1.16		1.33	1.98	1.25		0.306	0.461	0.825	0.190	0.449
Randomized	[-]	2.42	2.44	1.26		1.16		1.37	2.04	1.34		0.311	0.427	0.814	0.182	0.432

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation (excludes NCEP Reanalysis)

  Version:

1904

  Institutions:

NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA

  Source:

Merged Precipitation with gauge observations, a variety of satellite observations and the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis

  History:

2019-04-30: downloaded source from https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.cmap.html#detail

2019-07-01: converted to netCDF with https://github.com/mmu2019/Datasets/blob/master/read-pr-cmap.py

  References:

Xie, P., and P.A. Arkin (1997), Global precipitation: A 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model outputs, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 2539-2558

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  Comments:

time_period: 1979-01 through 2018-12

original_temporal_resolution: monthly

original_spatial_resolution: 2.5 degree

original_units: mm/day

final_temporal_resolution: monthly

final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

final_units: kg/m2/s

  Convention:

CF-1.7