Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Australia Europe Global - Land North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	44.5
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	84.0		39.5	42.7	2.01		0.00	0.437	0.679	0.388
Control	[-]	78.8		34.3	42.1	2.02		0.00	0.409	0.746	0.391
Randomized	[-]	83.8		39.3	46.5	2.02		0.00	0.363	0.746	0.368

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	57.5
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	23.5		-34.0	51.7	1.02		0.00	0.00	0.933	0.233
Control	[-]	11.7		-45.8	56.5	1.02		0.00	0.00	0.933	0.233
Randomized	[-]	14.4		-43.1	56.5	0.508		0.00	0.00	0.960	0.240

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	44.4
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	43.3		-1.13	37.7	1.97		0.954	0.00	0.764	0.429
Control	[-]	34.4		-10.0	40.1	3.00		0.590	0.00	0.511	0.275
Randomized	[-]	35.0		-9.47	39.6	1.97		0.613	0.00	0.764	0.344

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	20.8
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	17.9		-2.89	22.2	0.508		0.610	0.00	0.968	0.394
Control	[-]	9.16		-11.6	25.9	0.00		0.198	0.00	1.00	0.300
Randomized	[-]	10.4		-10.4	24.6	0.00		0.313	0.00	1.00	0.328

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	97.2
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	90.7		-6.54	12.8	0.00		0.733	0.670	1.00	0.768
Control	[-]	92.6		-4.65	14.7	0.00		0.810	0.614	1.00	0.759
Randomized	[-]	94.3		-2.99	13.3	0.00		0.878	0.624	1.00	0.781

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	33.4
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	27.6		-5.86	21.9	0.00		0.403	0.112	1.00	0.407
Control	[-]	21.4		-12.1	24.5	0.508		0.141	0.128	0.963	0.340
Randomized	[-]	22.5		-11.0	25.9	0.508		0.167	0.0916	0.963	0.328

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	41.2
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	38.1		-3.09	20.9	0.683		0.375	0.291	0.936	0.473
Control	[-]	33.2		-7.99	22.9	0.681		0.356	0.259	0.936	0.453
Randomized	[-]	35.8		-5.45	23.7	0.342		0.361	0.210	0.963	0.436

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	50.9
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	48.5		-1.15	29.7	1.28		0.427	0.136	0.848	0.386
Control	[-]	46.7		-2.95	29.7	1.05		0.451	0.136	0.894	0.404
Randomized	[-]	46.0		-3.61	30.8	1.01		0.454	0.115	0.909	0.398

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	35.1
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	36.7		1.62	21.8	0.617		0.499	0.207	0.951	0.466
Control	[-]	30.2		-4.89	24.9	0.509		0.461	0.159	0.957	0.434
Randomized	[-]	30.4		-4.75	26.0	0.602		0.441	0.122	0.950	0.409

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	40.1
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	40.5		0.531	25.5	0.725		0.419	0.187	0.899	0.423
Control	[-]	34.9		-5.06	26.8	0.725		0.410	0.150	0.896	0.402
Randomized	[-]	35.4		-4.51	27.5	0.645		0.411	0.126	0.910	0.393

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.3
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	15.4		2.09	14.7	0.678		0.568	0.167	0.956	0.465
Control	[-]	9.60		-3.73	16.3	0.339		0.613	0.0884	0.978	0.442
Randomized	[-]	9.53		-3.80	16.6	0.339		0.619	0.0496	0.978	0.424

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	82.2
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	96.6		14.5	31.0	4.02		0.539	0.254	0.259	0.326
Control	[-]	99.1		16.9	34.5	4.02		0.485	0.174	0.259	0.273
Randomized	[-]	98.2		16.0	35.4	4.02		0.505	0.0923	0.259	0.237

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	41.6
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	47.8		6.20	25.7	0.331		0.435	0.163	0.975	0.434
Control	[-]	38.9		-2.61	25.4	0.331		0.454	0.122	0.975	0.418
Randomized	[-]	39.8		-1.74	25.5	0.331		0.478	0.112	0.975	0.419

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	25.4
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	32.9		7.50	24.3	0.00		0.342	0.0368	1.00	0.354
Control	[-]	22.1		-3.36	20.9	0.474		0.540	0.0642	0.975	0.411
Randomized	[-]	22.1		-3.33	21.5	0.00		0.529	0.0570	1.00	0.411

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	41.1
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	30.6		-10.5	32.5	1.06		0.221	0.121	0.851	0.328
Control	[-]	30.0		-11.1	34.1	0.946		0.270	0.0784	0.915	0.335
Randomized	[-]	30.5		-10.6	34.2	0.801		0.262	0.0697	0.927	0.332

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	97.5
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	106.		8.34	17.3	2.38		0.678	0.573	0.617	0.611
Control	[-]	115.		17.2	28.6	5.08		0.471	0.374	0.112	0.332
Randomized	[-]	118.		20.1	30.1	3.73		0.405	0.338	0.324	0.351

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	101.
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	83.2		-17.5	42.8	1.03		0.283	0.00	0.930	0.303
Control	[-]	67.6		-33.1	47.8	0.00		0.00	0.00	1.00	0.250
Randomized	[-]	68.3		-32.4	47.2	0.00		0.00	0.00	1.00	0.250

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	45.3
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	53.1		7.81	33.3	0.983		0.525	0.00	0.937	0.365
Control	[-]	26.4		-18.9	30.2	2.02		0.00	0.152	0.752	0.264
Randomized	[-]	37.2		-8.14	25.6	2.02		0.505	0.0626	0.752	0.346

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:

2015

  Institutions:

FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  References:

Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:

Fluxnet variable(s) used: LE_F_MDS