Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	304.		1.74	2.06	0.332		0.301	0.645	0.958	0.998	0.802	0.725
CLM4SP	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	304.		1.69	2.02	0.394		0.312	0.632	0.947	0.990	0.805	0.720
CLM5SP	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	304.		1.74	2.05	0.327		0.302	0.646	0.958	0.997	0.803	0.725

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	307.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	309.	309.	305.	307.	305.		1.95	2.18	0.190		0.497	0.758	0.985	0.996	0.880	0.812
CLM4SP	[-]	309.	309.	305.	307.	305.		2.03	2.25	0.184		0.485	0.757	0.985	0.996	0.884	0.811
CLM5SP	[-]	309.	309.	305.	307.	305.		1.99	2.21	0.175		0.491	0.761	0.986	0.996	0.882	0.813

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	302.		1.78	2.10	0.341		0.438	0.721	0.959	0.997	0.832	0.778
CLM4SP	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	302.		1.86	2.18	0.339		0.424	0.718	0.959	0.997	0.836	0.775
CLM5SP	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	302.		1.80	2.11	0.314		0.436	0.727	0.962	0.998	0.835	0.781

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	266.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	266.	266.	269.	266.	269.		0.255	1.84	0.0345		0.948	0.903	0.998	0.999	0.901	0.942
CLM4SP	[-]	266.	266.	269.	266.	269.		0.338	1.86	0.0363		0.947	0.901	0.998	1.00	0.903	0.942
CLM5SP	[-]	266.	266.	270.	266.	269.		0.485	1.77	0.0300		0.944	0.910	0.998	0.999	0.899	0.943

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	303.		1.25	1.78	1.06		0.173	0.516	0.840	0.905	0.801	0.625
CLM4SP	[-]	305.	305.	303.	304.	303.		0.994	1.57	1.07		0.208	0.514	0.838	0.920	0.816	0.635
CLM5SP	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	303.		1.24	1.78	1.04		0.173	0.514	0.845	0.904	0.810	0.627

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	276.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	276.	276.	277.	276.	278.		0.179	1.19	0.00663		0.961	0.935	1.00	1.00	0.971	0.967
CLM4SP	[-]	276.	276.	277.	276.	278.		0.401	1.22	0.00657		0.957	0.937	1.00	1.00	0.968	0.967
CLM5SP	[-]	276.	276.	278.	276.	278.		0.315	1.09	0.00657		0.961	0.944	1.00	1.00	0.972	0.970

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	286.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	287.	286.	291.	286.	289.		0.836	1.62	0.0541		0.874	0.922	0.996	1.00	0.938	0.942
CLM4SP	[-]	287.	287.	291.	286.	289.		0.971	1.65	0.0548		0.867	0.925	0.996	1.00	0.935	0.941
CLM5SP	[-]	287.	286.	291.	286.	289.		0.928	1.61	0.0534		0.870	0.927	0.996	1.00	0.944	0.944

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	302.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	304.	304.	304.	302.	304.		1.32	1.91	0.188		0.602	0.811	0.981	0.999	0.914	0.853
CLM4SP	[-]	304.	304.	304.	302.	304.		1.38	1.97	0.188		0.593	0.806	0.981	0.999	0.910	0.849
CLM5SP	[-]	304.	304.	304.	302.	304.		1.33	1.91	0.185		0.602	0.814	0.981	0.999	0.915	0.854

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	268.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	267.	267.	269.	268.	268.		-0.502	1.63	0.0116		0.955	0.911	0.999	0.999	0.913	0.948
CLM4SP	[-]	267.	267.	269.	268.	268.		-0.402	1.62	0.00800		0.958	0.910	0.999	1.00	0.915	0.949
CLM5SP	[-]	267.	267.	269.	268.	268.		-0.295	1.48	0.0122		0.962	0.918	0.999	1.00	0.912	0.951

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	303.	303.	297.	301.	299.		1.75	1.99	0.119		0.674	0.873	0.991	0.997	0.897	0.884
CLM4SP	[-]	303.	304.	298.	301.	299.		1.85	2.09	0.123		0.661	0.873	0.991	0.996	0.892	0.881
CLM5SP	[-]	303.	303.	297.	301.	299.		1.80	2.04	0.119		0.668	0.878	0.991	0.997	0.906	0.886

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	286.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	286.	286.	287.	286.	289.		0.361	1.36	0.143		0.884	0.893	0.990	0.995	0.941	0.933
CLM4SP	[-]	286.	286.	287.	286.	289.		0.565	1.39	0.139		0.873	0.898	0.991	0.994	0.942	0.933
CLM5SP	[-]	286.	286.	287.	286.	289.		0.500	1.28	0.156		0.881	0.906	0.989	0.997	0.943	0.937

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	292.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	289.	293.	251.	292.	295.		1.03	1.85	0.169		0.690	0.831	0.981	0.996	0.908	0.873
CLM4SP	[-]	289.	293.	250.	292.	295.		1.13	1.90	0.172		0.684	0.830	0.981	0.996	0.909	0.872
CLM5SP	[-]	289.	293.	252.	292.	295.		1.14	1.82	0.164		0.688	0.837	0.982	0.997	0.910	0.875

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	303.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	304.	304.	301.	303.	303.		1.64	2.04	0.111		0.743	0.891	0.991	0.998	0.912	0.904
CLM4SP	[-]	304.	304.	301.	303.	303.		1.73	2.12	0.111		0.733	0.890	0.991	0.998	0.912	0.903
CLM5SP	[-]	304.	304.	301.	303.	303.		1.71	2.09	0.112		0.736	0.893	0.991	0.998	0.912	0.904

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	268.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	268.	268.	267.	268.	270.		-0.0146	1.74	0.0153		0.943	0.888	0.999	0.999	0.913	0.938
CLM4SP	[-]	269.	269.	267.	268.	270.		0.131	1.81	0.0265		0.938	0.886	0.998	0.998	0.913	0.937
CLM5SP	[-]	269.	269.	268.	268.	270.		0.304	1.58	0.0152		0.942	0.902	0.999	1.00	0.911	0.943

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	302.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	303.	303.	303.	302.	303.		1.35	2.05	0.295		0.538	0.742	0.972	0.989	0.904	0.815
CLM4SP	[-]	303.	303.	303.	302.	303.		1.43	2.11	0.284		0.527	0.739	0.973	0.990	0.906	0.812
CLM5SP	[-]	303.	303.	303.	302.	303.		1.40	2.07	0.283		0.533	0.743	0.973	0.986	0.906	0.814

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	292.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	293.	293.	299.	292.	297.		0.810	1.23	0.0886		0.893	0.928	0.994	0.997	0.963	0.950
CLM4SP	[-]	293.	293.	299.	292.	297.		1.11	1.35	0.0914		0.871	0.939	0.994	0.998	0.969	0.952
CLM5SP	[-]	293.	293.	299.	292.	297.		0.963	1.27	0.0711		0.882	0.934	0.995	0.997	0.963	0.951

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	279.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	280.	280.	281.	279.	282.		0.424	1.22	0.0347		0.933	0.920	0.998	0.998	0.957	0.954
CLM4SP	[-]	280.	280.	281.	279.	282.		0.719	1.37	0.0393		0.917	0.920	0.997	0.999	0.959	0.952
CLM5SP	[-]	280.	280.	281.	279.	282.		0.566	1.19	0.0362		0.930	0.926	0.998	0.998	0.959	0.956

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	291.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	292.	292.	292.	291.	292.		1.09	1.72	0.0491		0.854	0.900	0.996	0.999	0.930	0.930
CLM4SP	[-]	292.	292.	292.	291.	292.		1.29	1.76	0.0443		0.842	0.910	0.997	1.00	0.934	0.932
CLM5SP	[-]	292.	292.	293.	291.	292.		1.22	1.73	0.0461		0.847	0.907	0.997	0.999	0.940	0.933

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	306.	306.	304.	304.	304.		1.69	1.99	0.404		0.236	0.644	0.945	1.00	0.900	0.728
CLM4SP	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	304.		1.54	1.87	0.388		0.263	0.630	0.948	1.00	0.907	0.730
CLM5SP	[-]	306.	306.	304.	304.	304.		1.64	1.95	0.380		0.246	0.646	0.949	1.00	0.903	0.732

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	297.		1.67	1.84	0.287		0.489	0.770	0.965	0.998	0.920	0.819
CLM4SP	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	297.		1.77	1.93	0.296		0.473	0.769	0.964	0.998	0.922	0.816
CLM5SP	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	297.		1.71	1.87	0.285		0.484	0.775	0.964	0.999	0.917	0.819

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	290.
CLM4.5SP	[-]	292.	292.	293.	290.	289.		1.52	2.41	0.285		0.564	0.743	0.962	0.992	0.908	0.819
CLM4SP	[-]	292.	292.	293.	290.	289.		1.67	2.43	0.293		0.553	0.752	0.961	0.995	0.910	0.821
CLM5SP	[-]	292.	292.	293.	290.	289.		1.67	2.39	0.277		0.556	0.761	0.964	0.995	0.916	0.826

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Interannual variability Interannual variability score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Fri Feb 8 14:12:14 PST 2019

  contact: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Forrest Hoffman (forrest@climatemodeling.org) for any question

  history: 2018-01-15: download from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.01/cruts.1709081022.v4.01/ 2019-02-06: converted and created to netCDF4 for ILAMB package

  original_resolution: 0.5x0.5

  resolution: 0.5x0.5

  original_frequency: mon

  frequency: mon

  references: Harris et al., 2014, Int. J. Climatol., doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  institution: Original Data held at British Atmospheric Data Centre, RAL, UK.

  source: Run ID = 1709081022. Data generated from:TMX derived from gridded TMP & DTR absolutes, DTR in turn derived from tmn.1708171135.dtb, tmx.1708171215.dtb

  title: CRU TS4.01 Maximum Temperature

  Conventions: CF-1.7