Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.9
PPE_NEW	[-]	71.8	71.5		77.9	77.9		-5.52	11.6	1.91		0.377	0.282	0.729	0.995	0.620	0.548
PPE_OLD	[-]	69.9	69.5		77.9	77.9		-7.38	14.0	2.03		0.342	0.228	0.707	0.997	0.480	0.497
R15	[-]	69.0	68.6		77.9	77.9		-8.19	14.3	1.99		0.330	0.228	0.716	0.997	0.479	0.496

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.6
PPE_NEW	[-]	52.2	52.5		53.5	80.7		-0.582	11.8	0.602		0.735	0.588	0.918	0.988	0.798	0.769
PPE_OLD	[-]	50.6	51.0		53.5	80.7		-2.11	12.2	0.596		0.719	0.577	0.920	0.983	0.830	0.768
R15	[-]	50.2	50.5		53.5	80.7		-2.57	12.2	0.607		0.716	0.578	0.917	0.979	0.830	0.766

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	64.2
PPE_NEW	[-]	62.9	62.9		63.8	78.0		0.503	11.5	1.20		0.569	0.459	0.831	0.974	0.796	0.681
PPE_OLD	[-]	61.6	61.6		63.8	78.0		-0.731	11.9	1.22		0.574	0.422	0.828	0.974	0.747	0.661
R15	[-]	61.3	61.3		63.8	78.0		-1.01	11.8	1.22		0.577	0.424	0.829	0.972	0.745	0.662

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.6
PPE_NEW	[-]	88.9	88.8		77.3	83.2		11.8	16.8	4.75		0.112	0.103	0.190	0.815	0.856	0.363
PPE_OLD	[-]	88.6	88.5		77.3	83.2		11.5	17.4	3.14		0.121	0.0835	0.478	0.742	0.558	0.344
R15	[-]	88.7	88.6		77.3	83.2		11.6	17.5	2.76		0.120	0.0827	0.547	0.738	0.561	0.355

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	84.2
PPE_NEW	[-]	86.8	87.0		84.5	81.2		1.07	4.19	1.60		0.539	0.366	0.768	0.999	0.754	0.632
PPE_OLD	[-]	86.3	86.4		84.5	81.2		0.427	5.24	1.54		0.563	0.231	0.772	0.998	0.499	0.549
R15	[-]	85.1	85.2		84.5	81.2		-0.671	5.32	1.46		0.557	0.225	0.786	0.993	0.488	0.546

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	72.3
PPE_NEW	[-]	84.1	84.2		72.3	82.0		12.0	17.2	2.67		0.265	0.250	0.604	0.983	0.856	0.535
PPE_OLD	[-]	82.5	82.6		72.3	82.0		10.4	17.8	2.16		0.323	0.202	0.682	0.981	0.567	0.493
R15	[-]	82.5	82.6		72.3	82.0		10.3	17.8	2.09		0.325	0.200	0.695	0.980	0.571	0.495

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	61.3
PPE_NEW	[-]	66.5	66.6		61.2	75.5		6.19	15.6	1.86		0.502	0.362	0.726	0.992	0.849	0.632
PPE_OLD	[-]	65.4	65.6		61.2	75.5		5.12	16.3	1.94		0.525	0.325	0.712	0.993	0.759	0.606
R15	[-]	65.2	65.3		61.2	75.5		4.86	16.2	1.96		0.537	0.324	0.706	0.994	0.757	0.607

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.0
PPE_NEW	[-]	67.7	66.9		68.8	79.0		0.765	9.24	1.05		0.655	0.446	0.850	0.988	0.800	0.698
PPE_OLD	[-]	64.1	63.3		68.8	79.0		-2.40	11.1	1.01		0.625	0.377	0.855	0.958	0.643	0.639
R15	[-]	62.4	61.6		68.8	79.0		-4.00	11.5	0.954		0.595	0.385	0.865	0.944	0.646	0.637

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	78.8
PPE_NEW	[-]	89.7	89.6		78.7	85.1		11.1	15.4	4.36		0.135	0.134	0.253	0.869	0.864	0.398
PPE_OLD	[-]	88.9	88.7		78.7	85.1		10.2	16.0	2.85		0.163	0.103	0.536	0.837	0.513	0.376
R15	[-]	88.9	88.7		78.7	85.1		10.3	16.0	2.64		0.162	0.103	0.587	0.832	0.512	0.383

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.1
PPE_NEW	[-]	51.3	51.1		52.2	74.4		2.55	7.60	0.677		0.650	0.528	0.881	0.997	0.806	0.732
PPE_OLD	[-]	50.3	50.1		52.2	74.4		1.50	7.56	0.609		0.690	0.492	0.893	0.996	0.784	0.724
R15	[-]	50.1	49.9		52.2	74.4		1.29	7.48	0.564		0.697	0.494	0.900	0.995	0.784	0.727

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	76.7
PPE_NEW	[-]	79.9	79.8		76.7	81.2		2.70	8.36	1.47		0.576	0.370	0.807	0.858	0.828	0.635
PPE_OLD	[-]	78.0	77.9		76.7	81.2		0.935	9.09	1.12		0.602	0.303	0.834	0.813	0.630	0.581
R15	[-]	77.7	77.6		76.7	81.2		0.672	9.21	1.07		0.596	0.300	0.844	0.789	0.627	0.576

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	74.9
PPE_NEW	[-]	71.2	71.2		66.5	79.6		6.42	13.1	1.79		0.398	0.339	0.708	0.962	0.770	0.586
PPE_OLD	[-]	70.1	70.1		66.5	79.6		5.36	13.7	1.62		0.411	0.290	0.741	0.955	0.628	0.552
R15	[-]	69.7	69.7		66.5	79.6		5.01	13.7	1.59		0.411	0.290	0.748	0.952	0.628	0.553

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	37.9
PPE_NEW	[-]	42.4	42.2		37.6	72.6		7.12	12.5	0.731		0.477	0.434	0.862	0.950	0.773	0.655
PPE_OLD	[-]	41.8	41.6		37.6	72.6		6.49	12.7	0.670		0.476	0.414	0.871	0.939	0.739	0.642
R15	[-]	41.6	41.5		37.6	72.6		6.35	12.7	0.665		0.474	0.415	0.873	0.935	0.738	0.642

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.9
PPE_NEW	[-]	89.3	89.3		77.9	83.1		11.9	16.6	3.51		0.141	0.147	0.414	0.996	0.825	0.445
PPE_OLD	[-]	88.6	88.6		77.9	83.1		11.2	16.8	2.63		0.157	0.124	0.594	1.00	0.615	0.436
R15	[-]	88.6	88.5		77.9	83.1		11.2	16.8	2.57		0.158	0.123	0.605	1.00	0.611	0.437

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.8
PPE_NEW	[-]	68.9	68.5		69.3	79.4		2.03	8.98	1.77		0.490	0.380	0.717	0.981	0.785	0.622
PPE_OLD	[-]	67.6	67.3		69.3	79.4		0.891	9.70	1.78		0.487	0.302	0.715	0.989	0.608	0.567
R15	[-]	67.0	66.6		69.3	79.4		0.241	9.66	1.83		0.476	0.305	0.704	0.985	0.610	0.564

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.7
PPE_NEW	[-]	78.0	77.9		69.6	76.2		8.24	11.9	2.65		0.314	0.287	0.585	0.994	0.807	0.546
PPE_OLD	[-]	77.1	77.1		69.6	76.2		7.31	11.8	2.70		0.355	0.255	0.580	0.989	0.686	0.520
R15	[-]	76.3	76.3		69.6	76.2		6.54	11.5	2.67		0.380	0.249	0.582	0.998	0.687	0.524

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	72.4
PPE_NEW	[-]	83.9	83.8		72.2	82.1		11.6	15.2	1.84		0.242	0.292	0.749	0.923	0.787	0.548
PPE_OLD	[-]	82.1	82.1		72.2	82.1		9.96	14.9	1.56		0.296	0.244	0.797	0.958	0.691	0.538
R15	[-]	81.9	81.9		72.2	82.1		9.76	14.8	1.48		0.304	0.241	0.811	0.958	0.689	0.541

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.7
PPE_NEW	[-]	65.8	65.7		53.6	76.5		12.6	16.3	0.843		0.374	0.456	0.890	0.988	0.835	0.667
PPE_OLD	[-]	64.3	64.2		53.6	76.5		11.1	15.8	1.14		0.409	0.419	0.858	0.984	0.783	0.645
R15	[-]	64.1	64.0		53.6	76.5		10.9	15.6	1.17		0.415	0.419	0.851	0.982	0.786	0.645

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	84.9
PPE_NEW	[-]	81.6	81.7		84.9	81.5		-3.11	9.42	1.30		0.462	0.308	0.833	0.948	0.657	0.586
PPE_OLD	[-]	80.6	80.8		84.9	81.5		-4.04	10.6	1.30		0.458	0.249	0.833	0.908	0.524	0.537
R15	[-]	79.9	80.0		84.9	81.5		-4.79	10.9	1.32		0.432	0.248	0.829	0.910	0.518	0.531

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	70.7
PPE_NEW	[-]	73.4	73.4		70.6	79.3		3.32	12.7	1.45		0.456	0.353	0.801	0.766	0.776	0.584
PPE_OLD	[-]	72.4	72.3		70.6	79.3		2.24	13.4	1.40		0.452	0.312	0.812	0.739	0.712	0.556
R15	[-]	71.7	71.6		70.6	79.3		1.62	13.1	1.41		0.459	0.314	0.809	0.748	0.709	0.559

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	65.5
PPE_NEW	[-]	64.9	64.2		64.7	83.6		1.37	12.8	1.25		0.432	0.385	0.814	0.970	0.738	0.621
PPE_OLD	[-]	64.0	63.4		64.7	83.6		0.578	13.2	1.09		0.435	0.343	0.838	0.972	0.608	0.590
R15	[-]	63.8	63.1		64.7	83.6		0.351	13.2	1.02		0.438	0.343	0.847	0.970	0.608	0.591

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Interannual variability Interannual variability score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

derived ERA interim

  Source_file:

This product is generated from monthly ERA interim observations

  Conventions:

Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  Creation_date:

Wed Dec 2 12:03:21 PST 2015

  Approach:

I read the monthly 2m dewpoint temperature and 2m surface air temperature from original file, and calculated 2m relative humidity using the way by John Dutton (Ceaseless Wind, John Dutton. McGraw-Hill, 1976. pp 273-274). The final data were saved by each month and each year.

  Temporal resolution:

monthly

  General information:

This product was derived from ERA interim Dataset (1979-present).

  Spatial resolution:

0.5x0.5, 1x1 and 2.5x2.5 degree

  Derived data code:

http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-rhums-ERA-interim.ncl