Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.9
D104	[-]	69.9	69.5		77.7	77.8		-7.15	13.4	1.72		0.352	0.234	0.765	0.997	0.476	0.510
LMBIRCH4	[-]	69.3	68.9		77.9	77.9		-7.95	14.1	2.03		0.334	0.228	0.707	0.997	0.480	0.496
PHSParam	[-]	69.3	68.9		77.9	77.9		-7.95	14.2	2.02		0.334	0.227	0.709	0.997	0.477	0.495
PPE	[-]	69.6	69.2		77.9	77.9		-7.67	14.0	2.02		0.340	0.227	0.709	0.997	0.479	0.497

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.6
D104	[-]	50.1	50.5		52.9	80.7		-2.04	11.7	0.547		0.734	0.585	0.928	0.981	0.831	0.774
LMBIRCH4	[-]	50.3	50.6		53.5	80.7		-2.44	12.2	0.596		0.719	0.579	0.920	0.981	0.830	0.768
PHSParam	[-]	50.3	50.6		53.5	80.7		-2.46	12.2	0.597		0.716	0.579	0.919	0.979	0.830	0.767
PPE	[-]	50.3	50.7		53.5	80.7		-2.38	12.2	0.597		0.718	0.579	0.919	0.981	0.830	0.768

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	64.2
D104	[-]	61.9	62.0		63.8	77.8		-0.426	12.1	1.33		0.584	0.420	0.812	0.963	0.733	0.655
LMBIRCH4	[-]	61.5	61.5		63.8	78.0		-0.806	11.8	1.23		0.580	0.423	0.826	0.973	0.747	0.662
PHSParam	[-]	61.3	61.4		63.8	78.0		-0.963	11.8	1.21		0.577	0.424	0.830	0.972	0.746	0.662
PPE	[-]	61.5	61.5		63.8	78.0		-0.841	11.9	1.21		0.575	0.424	0.830	0.973	0.747	0.662

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.6
D104	[-]	88.5	88.4		77.4	83.2		11.2	17.6	2.78		0.127	0.0780	0.550	0.748	0.474	0.342
LMBIRCH4	[-]	88.5	88.4		77.3	83.2		11.4	17.5	3.39		0.124	0.0814	0.433	0.760	0.559	0.340
PHSParam	[-]	88.6	88.5		77.3	83.2		11.5	17.5	2.92		0.122	0.0813	0.516	0.752	0.561	0.352
PPE	[-]	88.7	88.6		77.3	83.2		11.5	17.5	2.72		0.120	0.0833	0.556	0.740	0.559	0.357

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	84.2
D104	[-]	85.4	85.6		84.3	81.2		-0.199	5.64	1.32		0.567	0.199	0.805	0.997	0.416	0.531
LMBIRCH4	[-]	85.3	85.4		84.5	81.2		-0.482	5.28	1.46		0.560	0.227	0.786	0.995	0.491	0.548
PHSParam	[-]	85.5	85.6		84.5	81.2		-0.316	5.26	1.45		0.561	0.228	0.787	0.998	0.492	0.549
PPE	[-]	85.8	85.9		84.5	81.2		-0.00992	5.23	1.47		0.562	0.230	0.783	0.999	0.496	0.550

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	72.3
D104	[-]	82.4	82.5		72.2	82.1		10.3	17.9	2.15		0.327	0.199	0.686	0.978	0.506	0.483
LMBIRCH4	[-]	82.4	82.5		72.3	82.0		10.2	17.8	2.13		0.327	0.199	0.687	0.975	0.568	0.493
PHSParam	[-]	82.5	82.5		72.3	82.0		10.3	17.8	2.16		0.325	0.199	0.683	0.973	0.568	0.491
PPE	[-]	82.6	82.7		72.3	82.0		10.4	17.8	1.84		0.321	0.203	0.740	0.978	0.569	0.502

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	61.3
D104	[-]	65.0	65.1		61.0	75.3		4.92	16.3	1.89		0.534	0.318	0.715	0.994	0.715	0.599
LMBIRCH4	[-]	65.1	65.3		61.2	75.5		4.84	16.2	1.96		0.536	0.324	0.707	0.994	0.757	0.607
PHSParam	[-]	65.2	65.4		61.2	75.5		4.91	16.2	1.96		0.536	0.324	0.706	0.994	0.757	0.607
PPE	[-]	65.3	65.4		61.2	75.5		4.99	16.2	1.94		0.532	0.325	0.710	0.994	0.757	0.607

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.0
D104	[-]	62.3	61.5		69.1	79.0		-4.34	11.9	0.951		0.581	0.368	0.869	0.934	0.585	0.618
LMBIRCH4	[-]	62.5	61.7		68.8	79.0		-3.89	11.5	0.954		0.597	0.386	0.866	0.942	0.646	0.637
PHSParam	[-]	62.4	61.6		68.8	79.0		-3.96	11.5	0.959		0.592	0.383	0.865	0.944	0.643	0.635
PPE	[-]	62.6	61.8		68.8	79.0		-3.75	11.5	0.972		0.598	0.384	0.862	0.942	0.644	0.636

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	78.8
D104	[-]	88.9	88.7		78.7	84.9		10.2	16.1	2.72		0.165	0.0990	0.571	0.838	0.427	0.367
LMBIRCH4	[-]	88.8	88.6		78.7	85.1		10.1	16.1	2.84		0.166	0.101	0.548	0.850	0.512	0.380
PHSParam	[-]	88.8	88.6		78.7	85.1		10.1	16.1	2.83		0.165	0.101	0.545	0.847	0.511	0.378
PPE	[-]	88.9	88.7		78.7	85.1		10.2	16.0	2.71		0.162	0.103	0.561	0.836	0.512	0.379

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.1
D104	[-]	50.2	49.9		52.3	74.2		1.20	7.60	0.547		0.697	0.479	0.901	0.995	0.757	0.718
LMBIRCH4	[-]	50.1	49.9		52.2	74.4		1.34	7.49	0.562		0.696	0.493	0.900	0.996	0.784	0.727
PHSParam	[-]	50.2	50.0		52.2	74.4		1.41	7.53	0.604		0.694	0.493	0.894	0.995	0.783	0.725
PPE	[-]	50.3	50.0		52.2	74.4		1.45	7.53	0.604		0.693	0.493	0.894	0.995	0.785	0.725

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	76.7
D104	[-]	77.4	77.3		76.4	81.1		0.656	9.44	1.09		0.612	0.291	0.846	0.814	0.553	0.568
LMBIRCH4	[-]	77.7	77.6		76.7	81.2		0.688	9.22	1.10		0.600	0.298	0.837	0.798	0.628	0.576
PHSParam	[-]	77.8	77.7		76.7	81.2		0.755	9.19	1.10		0.600	0.299	0.838	0.800	0.628	0.577
PPE	[-]	77.9	77.8		76.7	81.2		0.835	9.16	1.09		0.600	0.300	0.840	0.803	0.628	0.578

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	74.9
D104	[-]	69.7	69.7		66.3	79.5		5.16	13.8	1.57		0.414	0.280	0.752	0.955	0.573	0.542
LMBIRCH4	[-]	69.8	69.8		66.5	79.6		5.07	13.7	1.62		0.412	0.290	0.741	0.953	0.628	0.552
PHSParam	[-]	69.8	69.8		66.5	79.6		5.09	13.7	1.61		0.411	0.289	0.743	0.953	0.628	0.552
PPE	[-]	69.9	69.9		66.5	79.6		5.19	13.7	1.58		0.411	0.290	0.748	0.953	0.628	0.554

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	37.9
D104	[-]	41.7	41.5		37.4	72.3		6.62	12.8	0.757		0.473	0.406	0.866	0.939	0.707	0.633
LMBIRCH4	[-]	41.6	41.5		37.6	72.6		6.34	12.7	0.663		0.475	0.414	0.873	0.937	0.739	0.642
PHSParam	[-]	41.7	41.5		37.6	72.6		6.40	12.7	0.662		0.474	0.415	0.873	0.936	0.739	0.642
PPE	[-]	41.7	41.5		37.6	72.6		6.42	12.7	0.664		0.475	0.415	0.873	0.937	0.739	0.642

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.9
D104	[-]	88.4	88.4		77.8	83.1		11.1	17.0	2.49		0.166	0.121	0.619	1.00	0.526	0.425
LMBIRCH4	[-]	88.5	88.5		77.9	83.1		11.2	16.8	2.68		0.158	0.124	0.583	1.00	0.615	0.434
PHSParam	[-]	88.6	88.5		77.9	83.1		11.2	16.9	2.68		0.158	0.123	0.582	1.00	0.616	0.433
PPE	[-]	88.6	88.6		77.9	83.1		11.3	16.8	2.63		0.157	0.124	0.592	1.00	0.614	0.435

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.8
D104	[-]	67.1	66.8		68.8	79.3		0.838	10.0	1.79		0.476	0.285	0.715	0.981	0.551	0.549
LMBIRCH4	[-]	67.1	66.8		69.3	79.4		0.357	9.67	1.83		0.475	0.305	0.704	0.986	0.610	0.564
PHSParam	[-]	67.1	66.8		69.3	79.4		0.358	9.69	1.87		0.476	0.303	0.697	0.986	0.608	0.562
PPE	[-]	67.3	66.9		69.3	79.4		0.523	9.67	1.88		0.478	0.304	0.695	0.986	0.608	0.563

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.7
D104	[-]	76.3	76.2		69.7	76.3		6.42	11.6	2.54		0.384	0.237	0.603	0.989	0.620	0.512
LMBIRCH4	[-]	76.6	76.5		69.6	76.2		6.79	11.6	2.70		0.375	0.250	0.580	0.994	0.687	0.522
PHSParam	[-]	76.6	76.5		69.6	76.2		6.82	11.6	2.70		0.373	0.250	0.579	0.992	0.687	0.522
PPE	[-]	76.8	76.7		69.6	76.2		6.95	11.6	2.69		0.367	0.252	0.581	0.992	0.688	0.522

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	72.4
D104	[-]	81.9	81.8		72.4	82.1		9.59	15.1	1.47		0.314	0.228	0.809	0.964	0.605	0.525
LMBIRCH4	[-]	82.0	81.9		72.2	82.1		9.81	14.9	1.58		0.302	0.241	0.791	0.954	0.691	0.537
PHSParam	[-]	82.0	81.9		72.2	82.1		9.85	14.9	1.55		0.300	0.242	0.798	0.954	0.692	0.538
PPE	[-]	82.1	82.1		72.2	82.1		9.98	14.9	1.51		0.295	0.244	0.806	0.952	0.692	0.539

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.7
D104	[-]	63.6	63.5		52.9	76.9		11.0	16.1	1.29		0.410	0.404	0.838	0.966	0.737	0.627
LMBIRCH4	[-]	64.1	64.0		53.6	76.5		10.9	15.7	1.16		0.414	0.419	0.854	0.983	0.785	0.646
PHSParam	[-]	64.2	64.1		53.6	76.5		11.0	15.7	1.20		0.411	0.420	0.844	0.983	0.783	0.643
PPE	[-]	64.2	64.1		53.6	76.5		11.0	15.7	1.21		0.409	0.419	0.844	0.985	0.782	0.643

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	84.9
D104	[-]	80.1	80.3		84.8	81.3		-4.42	10.9	1.27		0.442	0.242	0.836	0.918	0.471	0.525
LMBIRCH4	[-]	80.1	80.3		84.9	81.5		-4.56	10.8	1.33		0.439	0.249	0.829	0.912	0.520	0.533
PHSParam	[-]	80.1	80.3		84.9	81.5		-4.54	10.9	1.32		0.443	0.248	0.830	0.900	0.519	0.531
PPE	[-]	80.5	80.7		84.9	81.5		-4.15	10.7	1.31		0.457	0.249	0.832	0.905	0.523	0.536

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	70.7
D104	[-]	72.0	71.9		70.0	79.0		2.38	13.1	1.35		0.448	0.326	0.819	0.761	0.714	0.565
LMBIRCH4	[-]	72.0	71.9		70.6	79.3		1.86	13.2	1.43		0.458	0.314	0.807	0.748	0.710	0.559
PHSParam	[-]	71.9	71.8		70.6	79.3		1.77	13.2	1.41		0.460	0.314	0.811	0.748	0.710	0.559
PPE	[-]	72.1	72.0		70.6	79.3		1.96	13.2	1.39		0.458	0.314	0.814	0.749	0.710	0.560

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	65.5
D104	[-]	63.7	63.0		64.3	83.6		0.676	13.3	1.01		0.433	0.335	0.848	0.966	0.576	0.582
LMBIRCH4	[-]	63.8	63.2		64.7	83.6		0.402	13.2	1.07		0.437	0.343	0.839	0.973	0.608	0.590
PHSParam	[-]	63.8	63.2		64.7	83.6		0.406	13.2	1.03		0.435	0.343	0.845	0.971	0.607	0.591
PPE	[-]	63.9	63.3		64.7	83.6		0.500	13.2	1.02		0.435	0.344	0.846	0.972	0.608	0.591

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Interannual variability Interannual variability score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

derived ERA interim

  Source_file:

This product is generated from monthly ERA interim observations

  Conventions:

Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  Creation_date:

Wed Dec 2 12:03:21 PST 2015

  Approach:

I read the monthly 2m dewpoint temperature and 2m surface air temperature from original file, and calculated 2m relative humidity using the way by John Dutton (Ceaseless Wind, John Dutton. McGraw-Hill, 1976. pp 273-274). The final data were saved by each month and each year.

  Temporal resolution:

monthly

  General information:

This product was derived from ERA interim Dataset (1979-present).

  Spatial resolution:

0.5x0.5, 1x1 and 2.5x2.5 degree

  Derived data code:

http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-rhums-ERA-interim.ncl