Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
PPE	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	305.		1.66	2.17	0.438		0.298	0.629	0.943	0.996	0.802	0.716
PPEnocrop	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	305.		1.66	2.17	0.439		0.298	0.627	0.943	0.996	0.803	0.716
R15	[-]	305.	306.	304.	304.	305.		1.70	2.21	0.396		0.290	0.631	0.951	0.997	0.801	0.717

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	307.
PPE	[-]	309.	309.	304.	307.	306.		1.98	2.38	0.238		0.482	0.744	0.981	0.999	0.877	0.805
PPEnocrop	[-]	309.	309.	304.	307.	306.		1.98	2.38	0.238		0.482	0.743	0.981	0.999	0.878	0.804
R15	[-]	309.	309.	304.	307.	306.		1.95	2.36	0.235		0.487	0.742	0.981	0.999	0.878	0.805

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
PPE	[-]	303.	303.	301.	301.	299.		1.73	2.25	0.438		0.428	0.714	0.945	0.995	0.824	0.770
PPEnocrop	[-]	303.	303.	301.	301.	299.		1.73	2.26	0.440		0.428	0.713	0.945	0.995	0.824	0.770
R15	[-]	303.	303.	301.	301.	299.		1.72	2.24	0.423		0.430	0.714	0.946	0.996	0.823	0.770

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	266.
PPE	[-]	266.	266.	269.	266.	270.		0.715	2.17	0.0589		0.927	0.899	0.996	1.00	0.897	0.936
PPEnocrop	[-]	266.	266.	269.	266.	270.		0.714	2.17	0.0589		0.927	0.899	0.996	1.00	0.897	0.936
R15	[-]	266.	266.	269.	266.	270.		0.748	2.18	0.0589		0.926	0.899	0.996	1.00	0.897	0.936

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
PPE	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	303.		0.898	1.76	1.07		0.201	0.494	0.839	0.827	0.798	0.609
PPEnocrop	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	303.		0.875	1.75	1.00		0.203	0.493	0.855	0.831	0.797	0.612
R15	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	303.		1.03	1.84	1.08		0.185	0.498	0.837	0.822	0.794	0.606

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	276.
PPE	[-]	276.	276.	278.	276.	277.		0.262	1.22	0.00998		0.953	0.942	0.999	1.00	0.970	0.968
PPEnocrop	[-]	276.	276.	278.	276.	277.		0.267	1.22	0.00998		0.953	0.942	0.999	1.00	0.970	0.968
R15	[-]	276.	276.	278.	276.	277.		0.278	1.23	0.00998		0.952	0.941	0.999	1.00	0.970	0.967

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	286.
PPE	[-]	287.	287.	290.	286.	291.		0.982	2.00	0.0828		0.852	0.917	0.993	1.00	0.938	0.936
PPEnocrop	[-]	287.	287.	290.	286.	291.		0.990	2.00	0.0740		0.851	0.917	0.994	1.00	0.937	0.936
R15	[-]	287.	287.	290.	286.	291.		1.00	2.01	0.0808		0.850	0.916	0.994	1.00	0.938	0.936

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	302.
PPE	[-]	303.	303.	304.	302.	303.		1.08	2.25	0.247		0.580	0.782	0.974	0.997	0.913	0.838
PPEnocrop	[-]	303.	303.	304.	302.	303.		1.06	2.24	0.242		0.582	0.778	0.975	0.997	0.909	0.837
R15	[-]	303.	303.	304.	302.	303.		1.09	2.25	0.247		0.580	0.783	0.974	0.998	0.914	0.839

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	268.
PPE	[-]	267.	267.	268.	268.	268.		-0.167	1.63	0.0296		0.954	0.913	0.998	1.00	0.906	0.947
PPEnocrop	[-]	267.	267.	268.	268.	268.		-0.167	1.63	0.0296		0.954	0.913	0.998	1.00	0.906	0.947
R15	[-]	267.	267.	268.	268.	268.		-0.139	1.62	0.0296		0.955	0.913	0.998	1.00	0.906	0.947

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
PPE	[-]	303.	304.	298.	301.	299.		1.73	2.14	0.141		0.659	0.862	0.989	0.998	0.899	0.878
PPEnocrop	[-]	303.	304.	298.	301.	299.		1.73	2.14	0.141		0.659	0.862	0.989	0.998	0.899	0.878
R15	[-]	303.	304.	298.	301.	299.		1.71	2.12	0.145		0.662	0.861	0.989	0.998	0.899	0.878

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	286.
PPE	[-]	286.	286.	287.	286.	285.		0.342	1.58	0.228		0.863	0.887	0.985	0.998	0.926	0.924
PPEnocrop	[-]	286.	286.	287.	286.	285.		0.363	1.58	0.142		0.862	0.888	0.990	0.998	0.926	0.926
R15	[-]	286.	286.	287.	286.	285.		0.360	1.58	0.209		0.863	0.886	0.986	0.998	0.925	0.924

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	292.
PPE	[-]	289.	293.	259.	292.	296.		1.08	2.05	0.216		0.678	0.822	0.976	0.997	0.904	0.867
PPEnocrop	[-]	289.	293.	259.	292.	296.		1.08	2.05	0.209		0.678	0.822	0.977	0.997	0.904	0.867
R15	[-]	289.	293.	259.	292.	296.		1.10	2.05	0.214		0.677	0.822	0.976	0.997	0.904	0.866

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	303.
PPE	[-]	304.	304.	299.	303.	299.		1.61	2.31	0.161		0.724	0.877	0.987	0.998	0.907	0.895
PPEnocrop	[-]	304.	304.	299.	303.	299.		1.61	2.31	0.161		0.724	0.877	0.987	0.998	0.907	0.895
R15	[-]	304.	304.	299.	303.	299.		1.60	2.30	0.158		0.725	0.877	0.987	0.998	0.907	0.895

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	268.
PPE	[-]	269.	269.	268.	268.	271.		0.456	1.94	0.0392		0.922	0.890	0.997	1.00	0.904	0.934
PPEnocrop	[-]	269.	269.	268.	268.	271.		0.455	1.94	0.0392		0.922	0.890	0.997	1.00	0.904	0.934
R15	[-]	269.	269.	268.	268.	271.		0.494	1.95	0.0392		0.921	0.890	0.997	1.00	0.904	0.934

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	302.
PPE	[-]	303.	303.	303.	302.	303.		1.03	2.28	0.459		0.536	0.711	0.944	0.973	0.881	0.793
PPEnocrop	[-]	303.	303.	303.	302.	303.		1.02	2.27	0.435		0.537	0.710	0.949	0.973	0.881	0.793
R15	[-]	303.	303.	303.	302.	303.		1.03	2.27	0.473		0.536	0.713	0.942	0.973	0.880	0.793

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	292.
PPE	[-]	293.	293.	299.	292.	294.		0.889	1.39	0.0872		0.878	0.922	0.994	0.996	0.956	0.945
PPEnocrop	[-]	293.	293.	299.	292.	294.		0.904	1.39	0.0872		0.877	0.924	0.994	0.997	0.957	0.945
R15	[-]	293.	293.	299.	292.	294.		0.911	1.41	0.0872		0.877	0.922	0.994	0.996	0.956	0.944

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	279.
PPE	[-]	280.	280.	281.	279.	282.		0.485	1.39	0.0533		0.918	0.919	0.996	0.998	0.953	0.951
PPEnocrop	[-]	280.	280.	281.	279.	282.		0.490	1.39	0.0533		0.918	0.919	0.996	0.998	0.953	0.951
R15	[-]	280.	280.	281.	279.	282.		0.543	1.41	0.0533		0.916	0.919	0.996	0.998	0.953	0.950

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	291.
PPE	[-]	292.	292.	292.	291.	294.		1.24	2.08	0.0613		0.827	0.895	0.996	0.997	0.932	0.923
PPEnocrop	[-]	292.	292.	292.	291.	294.		1.25	2.09	0.0613		0.826	0.895	0.996	0.997	0.932	0.923
R15	[-]	292.	292.	292.	291.	294.		1.21	2.08	0.0613		0.828	0.893	0.996	0.997	0.934	0.924

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
PPE	[-]	306.	306.	304.	304.	304.		1.59	2.05	0.453		0.257	0.631	0.939	1.00	0.900	0.726
PPEnocrop	[-]	306.	306.	304.	304.	304.		1.59	2.05	0.448		0.257	0.631	0.940	1.00	0.900	0.727
R15	[-]	306.	306.	304.	304.	304.		1.68	2.13	0.483		0.242	0.634	0.936	1.00	0.899	0.724

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
PPE	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	300.		1.68	1.97	0.342		0.486	0.762	0.958	0.995	0.922	0.814
PPEnocrop	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	300.		1.68	1.97	0.350		0.486	0.762	0.957	0.996	0.922	0.814
R15	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	300.		1.66	1.95	0.332		0.490	0.760	0.958	0.997	0.922	0.814

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	290.
PPE	[-]	292.	292.	293.	290.	288.		1.64	2.99	0.387		0.528	0.734	0.947	0.988	0.912	0.807
PPEnocrop	[-]	292.	292.	293.	290.	288.		1.64	2.99	0.382		0.528	0.734	0.949	0.989	0.912	0.808
R15	[-]	292.	292.	293.	290.	288.		1.64	3.00	0.368		0.528	0.734	0.951	0.988	0.911	0.808

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Interannual variability Interannual variability score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

CRU TS4.01 Maximum Temperature

  Institution:

Original Data held at British Atmospheric Data Centre, RAL, UK.

  Source:

Run ID = 1709081022. Data generated from:TMX derived from gridded TMP & DTR absolutes, DTR in turn derived from tmn.1708171135.dtb, tmx.1708171215.dtb

  History:

2018-01-15: download from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.01/cruts.1709081022.v4.01/ 2019-02-06: converted and created to netCDF4 for ILAMB package

  References:

Harris et al., 2014, Int. J. Climatol., doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  Conventions:

CF-1.7

  Creation_date:

Fri Feb 8 14:12:14 PST 2019

  Contact:

Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Forrest Hoffman (forrest@climatemodeling.org) for any question

  Original_resolution:

0.5x0.5

  Resolution:

0.5x0.5

  Original_frequency:

mon

  Frequency:

mon