Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.9
CLM4	[-]	71.0	71.2		77.8	80.3		-5.99	12.5	1.92		0.368	0.249	0.723	0.989	0.521	0.516
CLM4.5	[-]	70.5	70.7		77.8	80.3		-6.51	12.4	1.88		0.352	0.258	0.732	0.995	0.553	0.525
CLM5	[-]	68.7	68.9		77.8	80.3		-8.28	14.1	1.93		0.336	0.234	0.722	0.997	0.484	0.501

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.6
CLM4	[-]	52.9	52.4		53.2	77.5		-0.675	11.6	0.538		0.746	0.593	0.929	0.986	0.835	0.780
CLM4.5	[-]	52.2	51.7		53.2	77.5		-1.33	11.8	0.545		0.732	0.595	0.928	0.966	0.834	0.775
CLM5	[-]	51.0	50.5		53.2	77.5		-2.52	11.8	0.548		0.733	0.592	0.929	0.969	0.837	0.775

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	64.2
CLM4	[-]	62.8	62.7		63.5	77.8		0.403	11.4	1.20		0.588	0.437	0.833	0.982	0.776	0.676
CLM4.5	[-]	61.9	61.9		63.5	77.8		-0.262	11.4	1.17		0.579	0.442	0.839	0.974	0.768	0.674
CLM5	[-]	61.1	61.1		63.5	77.8		-1.12	11.5	1.17		0.595	0.435	0.837	0.971	0.749	0.670

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.6
CLM4	[-]	89.4	89.4		77.1	83.4		12.5	18.5	2.94		0.0947	0.0754	0.520	0.668	0.659	0.349
CLM4.5	[-]	89.7	89.7		77.1	83.4		12.9	18.4	2.36		0.0880	0.0806	0.638	0.650	0.682	0.370
CLM5	[-]	88.5	88.5		77.1	83.4		11.6	17.7	2.76		0.114	0.0792	0.549	0.727	0.555	0.350

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	84.2
CLM4	[-]	88.2	88.3		85.0	81.2		2.30	5.31	1.53		0.488	0.270	0.779	0.998	0.605	0.568
CLM4.5	[-]	87.2	87.3		85.0	81.2		1.64	5.01	1.54		0.535	0.285	0.776	0.989	0.641	0.585
CLM5	[-]	85.2	85.2		85.0	81.2		-0.688	5.23	1.42		0.587	0.237	0.797	0.998	0.516	0.562

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	72.3
CLM4	[-]	84.0	84.1		72.2	78.9		11.8	18.3	1.49		0.273	0.215	0.792	0.971	0.706	0.529
CLM4.5	[-]	84.5	84.6		72.2	78.9		12.3	18.6	1.41		0.256	0.220	0.811	0.975	0.726	0.535
CLM5	[-]	82.6	82.6		72.2	78.9		10.4	17.9	2.16		0.321	0.199	0.684	0.974	0.573	0.492

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	61.3
CLM4	[-]	66.6	66.8		61.0	71.3		6.48	16.8	1.88		0.484	0.328	0.718	0.988	0.818	0.611
CLM4.5	[-]	66.6	66.9		61.0	71.3		6.53	16.4	1.91		0.488	0.336	0.714	0.988	0.827	0.615
CLM5	[-]	65.2	65.4		61.0	71.3		5.02	16.2	1.97		0.540	0.322	0.705	0.994	0.756	0.606

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.0
CLM4	[-]	64.5	64.2		68.3	79.0		-1.74	11.0	0.966		0.626	0.398	0.868	0.929	0.676	0.649
CLM4.5	[-]	63.9	63.6		68.3	79.0		-2.26	10.8	0.982		0.615	0.410	0.866	0.939	0.701	0.657
CLM5	[-]	62.1	61.8		68.3	79.0		-4.10	11.5	0.920		0.608	0.395	0.875	0.943	0.655	0.645

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	78.8
CLM4	[-]	89.2	89.2		78.5	84.9		10.8	17.2	1.99		0.139	0.0891	0.710	0.797	0.601	0.404
CLM4.5	[-]	89.8	89.8		78.5	84.9		11.4	16.9	1.61		0.123	0.101	0.788	0.742	0.636	0.415
CLM5	[-]	88.9	88.9		78.5	84.9		10.5	16.2	3.05		0.149	0.102	0.497	0.827	0.518	0.366

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.1
CLM4	[-]	50.8	50.8		51.3	74.6		2.11	7.29	0.517		0.703	0.514	0.910	0.998	0.807	0.741
CLM4.5	[-]	51.3	51.3		51.3	74.6		2.57	7.42	0.514		0.687	0.518	0.910	0.997	0.806	0.739
CLM5	[-]	50.0	50.0		51.3	74.6		1.27	6.95	0.506		0.738	0.518	0.913	0.997	0.801	0.748

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	76.7
CLM4	[-]	79.2	79.2		76.6	78.3		2.67	9.32	0.914		0.596	0.319	0.869	0.813	0.704	0.603
CLM4.5	[-]	79.8	79.8		76.6	78.3		3.20	9.31	0.885		0.574	0.331	0.879	0.809	0.732	0.609
CLM5	[-]	77.5	77.5		76.6	78.3		0.920	9.32	0.889		0.609	0.308	0.878	0.777	0.624	0.584

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	74.9
CLM4	[-]	71.2	71.2		65.3	79.6		6.95	14.5	1.49		0.393	0.308	0.766	0.936	0.703	0.569
CLM4.5	[-]	71.2	71.2		65.3	79.6		7.00	14.4	1.49		0.385	0.314	0.768	0.940	0.718	0.573
CLM5	[-]	69.5	69.5		65.3	79.6		5.43	14.1	1.53		0.410	0.299	0.759	0.945	0.644	0.559

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	37.9
CLM4	[-]	41.5	41.5		36.6	70.8		6.41	12.7	0.588		0.502	0.423	0.890	0.925	0.765	0.655
CLM4.5	[-]	42.2	42.2		36.6	70.8		7.14	12.7	0.606		0.497	0.433	0.888	0.922	0.772	0.657
CLM5	[-]	41.2	41.3		36.6	70.8		6.28	12.3	0.578		0.494	0.429	0.897	0.920	0.745	0.652

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.9
CLM4	[-]	89.3	89.3		77.6	82.9		12.1	17.7	2.52		0.132	0.117	0.611	1.00	0.726	0.451
CLM4.5	[-]	89.7	89.7		77.6	82.9		12.5	17.6	2.51		0.121	0.125	0.614	0.995	0.742	0.454
CLM5	[-]	88.6	88.6		77.6	82.9		11.4	17.0	2.57		0.149	0.120	0.604	0.999	0.614	0.434

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.8
CLM4	[-]	67.7	67.8		68.1	78.3		1.85	9.46	1.65		0.490	0.340	0.745	0.991	0.660	0.594
CLM4.5	[-]	67.9	68.0		68.1	78.3		2.14	9.49	1.63		0.474	0.347	0.749	0.993	0.683	0.599
CLM5	[-]	66.7	66.8		68.1	78.3		0.789	9.54	1.62		0.485	0.334	0.749	0.988	0.640	0.588

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.7
CLM4	[-]	79.0	79.1		69.4	76.3		9.68	12.9	2.26		0.255	0.275	0.649	0.988	0.756	0.533
CLM4.5	[-]	79.0	79.1		69.4	76.3		9.73	13.0	2.42		0.252	0.276	0.624	0.995	0.776	0.533
CLM5	[-]	76.3	76.3		69.4	76.3		6.86	11.7	2.73		0.356	0.249	0.570	0.999	0.685	0.518

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	72.4
CLM4	[-]	83.5	83.5		72.0	81.9		11.5	15.7	1.30		0.242	0.260	0.842	0.973	0.795	0.562
CLM4.5	[-]	84.1	84.1		72.0	81.9		12.1	15.9	1.32		0.224	0.271	0.841	0.967	0.809	0.564
CLM5	[-]	81.9	81.9		72.0	81.9		9.94	15.0	1.50		0.294	0.243	0.809	0.971	0.693	0.542

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.7
CLM4	[-]	64.9	65.0		53.2	81.4		12.1	16.2	0.906		0.383	0.431	0.895	0.996	0.819	0.659
CLM4.5	[-]	65.5	65.5		53.2	81.4		12.6	16.6	0.982		0.369	0.431	0.885	0.995	0.830	0.657
CLM5	[-]	64.0	64.0		53.2	81.4		11.1	15.6	1.07		0.413	0.427	0.871	0.987	0.793	0.653

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	84.9
CLM4	[-]	82.9	82.9		85.0	81.5		-2.01	9.63	1.27		0.508	0.273	0.838	0.921	0.574	0.564
CLM4.5	[-]	82.2	82.2		85.0	81.5		-2.68	9.41	1.25		0.480	0.285	0.842	0.940	0.602	0.572
CLM5	[-]	80.2	80.2		85.0	81.5		-4.70	10.9	1.30		0.431	0.252	0.831	0.894	0.520	0.530

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	70.7
CLM4	[-]	73.8	73.6		70.4	79.2		3.65	13.4	1.40		0.452	0.327	0.810	0.713	0.733	0.560
CLM4.5	[-]	73.5	73.3		70.4	79.2		3.38	13.0	1.40		0.455	0.337	0.809	0.728	0.753	0.570
CLM5	[-]	71.7	71.5		70.4	79.2		1.59	13.1	1.36		0.462	0.318	0.819	0.724	0.716	0.560

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	65.5
CLM4	[-]	63.7	63.9		63.7	81.7		1.62	12.5	0.925		0.458	0.370	0.867	0.985	0.653	0.617
CLM4.5	[-]	63.7	63.9		63.7	81.7		1.70	12.5	0.935		0.459	0.370	0.867	0.981	0.655	0.617
CLM5	[-]	62.9	63.1		63.7	81.7		0.944	12.3	0.915		0.480	0.372	0.868	0.972	0.633	0.616

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Interannual variability Interannual variability score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Wed Dec 2 12:03:21 PST 2015

  Conventions: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  source_file: This product is generated from monthly ERA interim observations

  title: derived ERA interim

  Approach: I read the monthly 2m dewpoint temperature and 2m surface air temperature from original file, and calculated 2m relative humidity using the way by John Dutton (Ceaseless Wind, John Dutton. McGraw-Hill, 1976. pp 273-274). The final data were saved by each month and each year.

  Temporal resolution: monthly

  General information: This product was derived from ERA interim Dataset (1979-present).

  Spatial resolution: 0.5x0.5, 1x1 and 2.5x2.5 degree

  Derived data code: http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-rhums-ERA-interim.ncl