Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.69
CESM3_092H	[-]	4.06	4.08	3.70		3.43		0.435	1.79	2.06		0.480	0.316	0.667	0.958	0.547
CMIP6_001	[-]	4.18	4.20	3.71		3.38		0.494	1.68	1.59		0.565	0.326	0.755	0.960	0.586
LE2_001	[-]	4.24	4.26	3.71		3.38		0.548	1.72	1.79		0.526	0.316	0.719	0.966	0.569

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.49
CESM3_092H	[-]	3.80	3.78	2.48		6.69		1.28	2.10	0.626		0.150	0.220	0.920	0.910	0.484
CMIP6_001	[-]	2.59	2.55	2.47		4.02		0.0816	1.14	0.503		0.483	0.398	0.939	0.922	0.628
LE2_001	[-]	2.63	2.59	2.47		4.02		0.121	1.19	0.611		0.479	0.375	0.926	0.918	0.614

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.43
CESM3_092H	[-]	2.99	2.99	2.44		2.09		0.511	1.36	1.18		0.417	0.442	0.835	0.950	0.617
CMIP6_001	[-]	2.93	2.92	2.43		2.48		0.444	1.28	1.01		0.458	0.462	0.869	0.980	0.646
LE2_001	[-]	2.99	2.98	2.43		2.48		0.501	1.39	0.995		0.430	0.425	0.871	0.979	0.626

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.33
CESM3_092H	[-]	1.78	1.78	1.33		1.34		0.447	0.743	0.929		0.284	0.263	0.888	0.952	0.530
CMIP6_001	[-]	1.45	1.45	1.31		1.58		0.170	0.431	0.940		0.527	0.543	0.891	0.991	0.699
LE2_001	[-]	1.49	1.49	1.31		1.58		0.215	0.431	0.769		0.502	0.578	0.900	0.991	0.710

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	7.18
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.59	8.60	7.22		6.19		0.915	2.53	1.40		0.466	0.485	0.801	0.988	0.645
CMIP6_001	[-]	9.82	9.84	7.49		6.11		1.71	3.13	1.42		0.343	0.454	0.801	0.854	0.581
LE2_001	[-]	9.43	9.44	7.49		6.11		1.34	3.09	1.76		0.342	0.439	0.740	0.836	0.559

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.71
CESM3_092H	[-]	1.90	1.90	1.71		2.34		0.208	0.617	1.33		0.437	0.490	0.808	0.971	0.639
CMIP6_001	[-]	1.62	1.62	1.70		2.48		-0.0700	0.505	1.15		0.463	0.622	0.842	0.922	0.694
LE2_001	[-]	1.61	1.61	1.70		2.48		-0.0809	0.507	1.27		0.468	0.621	0.829	0.940	0.696

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.77
CESM3_092H	[-]	2.01	2.03	1.76		4.86		0.402	1.04	0.931		0.333	0.460	0.881	0.923	0.612
CMIP6_001	[-]	1.85	1.86	1.73		4.28		0.243	0.911	0.906		0.374	0.507	0.883	0.933	0.641
LE2_001	[-]	1.88	1.90	1.73		4.28		0.277	0.955	0.853		0.345	0.488	0.891	0.928	0.628

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.98
CESM3_092H	[-]	3.81	3.76	3.97		5.02		0.0990	2.23	1.02		0.388	0.286	0.881	0.936	0.555
CMIP6_001	[-]	3.75	3.69	3.89		5.24		0.0560	2.24	0.891		0.415	0.299	0.891	0.925	0.566
LE2_001	[-]	3.77	3.72	3.89		5.24		0.0807	2.35	1.04		0.404	0.271	0.871	0.916	0.547

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.56
CESM3_092H	[-]	1.52	1.53	1.56		1.36		-0.0565	0.548	1.70		0.441	0.375	0.763	0.797	0.550
CMIP6_001	[-]	1.34	1.34	1.57		1.29		-0.235	0.465	1.11		0.443	0.616	0.872	0.681	0.646
LE2_001	[-]	1.35	1.35	1.57		1.29		-0.223	0.446	1.37		0.467	0.619	0.819	0.706	0.646

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.74
CESM3_092H	[-]	1.99	1.99	1.71		2.85		0.423	0.873	0.947		0.324	0.510	0.885	0.972	0.640
CMIP6_001	[-]	1.63	1.63	1.65		2.88		0.0827	0.693	0.863		0.434	0.584	0.896	0.965	0.693
LE2_001	[-]	1.58	1.58	1.65		2.88		0.0370	0.754	0.976		0.417	0.505	0.884	0.976	0.657

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.57
CESM3_092H	[-]	2.43	2.44	2.57		2.53		-0.177	0.752	1.39		0.502	0.539	0.804	0.951	0.667
CMIP6_001	[-]	2.12	2.12	2.55		2.82		-0.434	0.799	1.72		0.371	0.567	0.761	0.982	0.650
LE2_001	[-]	2.12	2.13	2.55		2.82		-0.428	0.785	1.52		0.362	0.598	0.783	0.974	0.663

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.30
CESM3_092H	[-]	2.41	2.41	2.29		3.44		0.237	1.18	1.40		0.384	0.454	0.799	0.953	0.609
CMIP6_001	[-]	2.23	2.23	2.25		3.29		0.0776	1.02	1.42		0.468	0.526	0.793	0.961	0.655
LE2_001	[-]	2.23	2.23	2.25		3.29		0.0766	1.05	1.44		0.456	0.512	0.794	0.962	0.647

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.447
CESM3_092H	[-]	0.477	0.479	0.445		0.744		0.0489	0.418	1.97		0.613	0.611	0.691	0.949	0.695
CMIP6_001	[-]	0.368	0.370	0.434		0.784		-0.0495	0.323	2.64		0.731	0.689	0.571	0.946	0.725
LE2_001	[-]	0.377	0.380	0.434		0.784		-0.0387	0.327	2.54		0.734	0.685	0.590	0.951	0.729

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.25
CESM3_092H	[-]	1.83	1.84	1.25		1.24		0.523	0.722	0.733		0.236	0.447	0.940	0.934	0.601
CMIP6_001	[-]	1.56	1.57	1.22		1.67		0.341	0.503	0.550		0.388	0.659	0.946	0.941	0.719
LE2_001	[-]	1.57	1.57	1.22		1.67		0.348	0.519	0.720		0.391	0.643	0.938	0.938	0.711

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.23
CESM3_092H	[-]	3.77	3.75	3.23		3.36		0.608	2.08	1.25		0.307	0.349	0.841	0.930	0.555
CMIP6_001	[-]	3.02	3.02	3.17		3.50		-0.0385	1.80	1.31		0.352	0.361	0.821	0.967	0.572
LE2_001	[-]	3.05	3.04	3.17		3.50		-0.0159	1.78	1.17		0.352	0.366	0.851	0.967	0.581

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.29
CESM3_092H	[-]	2.76	2.78	3.29		3.31		-0.444	0.905	1.68		0.362	0.557	0.746	0.945	0.633
CMIP6_001	[-]	2.72	2.75	3.27		3.78		-0.457	0.885	1.90		0.373	0.567	0.710	0.921	0.628
LE2_001	[-]	2.69	2.71	3.27		3.78		-0.495	0.930	2.08		0.376	0.527	0.685	0.947	0.612

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.43
CESM3_092H	[-]	2.55	2.54	2.43		4.28		0.261	0.759	1.30		0.496	0.556	0.827	0.977	0.682
CMIP6_001	[-]	2.22	2.22	2.35		4.79		-0.0110	0.575	0.908		0.598	0.629	0.884	0.988	0.746
LE2_001	[-]	2.19	2.18	2.35		4.79		-0.0445	0.572	1.23		0.597	0.627	0.835	0.988	0.735

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.43
CESM3_092H	[-]	1.74	1.73	1.43		1.92		0.341	0.765	1.41		0.338	0.492	0.797	0.904	0.605
CMIP6_001	[-]	1.44	1.44	1.41		2.82		0.0557	0.570	1.45		0.540	0.568	0.791	0.922	0.678
LE2_001	[-]	1.51	1.51	1.41		2.82		0.127	0.631	1.47		0.484	0.527	0.788	0.917	0.649

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.25
CESM3_092H	[-]	5.08	5.09	6.27		4.64		-1.13	3.02	0.784		0.193	0.452	0.916	0.647	0.532
CMIP6_001	[-]	5.51	5.52	6.30		4.53		-0.743	2.60	0.700		0.385	0.413	0.934	0.901	0.609
LE2_001	[-]	5.51	5.52	6.30		4.53		-0.747	2.63	0.692		0.380	0.408	0.925	0.900	0.604

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.48
CESM3_092H	[-]	3.20	3.21	3.48		2.95		-0.279	1.71	1.44		0.453	0.471	0.798	0.976	0.634
CMIP6_001	[-]	3.15	3.16	3.48		3.33		-0.336	1.66	1.55		0.430	0.517	0.785	0.956	0.641
LE2_001	[-]	3.07	3.08	3.48		3.33		-0.414	1.63	1.41		0.390	0.538	0.815	0.953	0.647

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [mm d-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [mm d-1]		Bias [mm d-1]	RMSE [mm d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.76
CESM3_092H	[-]	3.55	3.55	1.76		2.34		1.61	2.38	1.28		0.228	0.341	0.823	0.620	0.471
CMIP6_001	[-]	2.71	2.72	1.78		1.65		0.994	1.77	1.30		0.353	0.372	0.820	0.581	0.500
LE2_001	[-]	2.72	2.74	1.78		1.65		1.01	1.80	1.24		0.350	0.380	0.821	0.583	0.503

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

GPCP Version 2.3 Combined Precipitation Dataset (Final)

  Version:

2.3

  Institutions:

NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA

ESSIC/CICS, University of Maryland, USA

  Source:

GPCC gauge analysis to bias correct satellite estimates over land and merge with satellite based on sampling

  History:

2019-04-18: downloaded source from http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.gpcp.html

2019-05-09: converted to netCDF with https://github.com/mmu2019/Datasets/blob/master/read-pr-gpcp.py

  References:

Adler, R.F., G.J. Huffman, A. Chang, R. Ferraro, P. Xie, J. Janowiak, B. Rudolf, U. Schneider, S. Curtis, D. Bolvin, A. Gruber, J. Susskind, P. Arkin (2003), The Version 2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Monthly Precipitation Analysis (1979 - Present), J. Hydrometeor., 4(6), 1147-1167

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  Comments:

time_period: 1979-01 through 2018-12

original_temporal_resolution: monthly

original_spatial_resolution: 2.5x2.5 degree

original_units: mm/day

final_temporal_resolution: monthly

final_spatial_resolution: 0.5x0.5 degree

final_units: kg/m2/s

  Convention:

CF-1.7