Africa - Central Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Australia Europe Global - Land North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-30.7
CESM3_092H	[-]	-40.3		-10.3	13.1	0.00		0.376	0.664	1.00	0.676
CMIP6_001	[-]	-42.6		-11.9	11.8	1.02		0.279	0.750	0.933	0.678
LE2_001	[-]	-42.6		-11.9	15.7	2.05		0.276	0.616	0.745	0.564

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-72.1
CESM3_092H	[-]	-98.3		-26.2	29.3	0.00		0.00	0.382	1.00	0.441
CMIP6_001	[-]	-90.3		-18.2	27.2	0.00		0.00	0.153	1.00	0.326
LE2_001	[-]	-88.7		-16.6	24.9	0.983		0.00	0.174	0.937	0.321

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-32.4
CESM3_092H	[-]	-36.0		-3.32	24.4	1.01		0.683	0.00	0.934	0.404
CMIP6_001	[-]	-34.0		-1.51	23.4	1.01		0.786	0.0576	0.934	0.459
LE2_001	[-]	-32.0		0.470	22.7	1.01		0.827	0.0216	0.934	0.451

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-32.8
CESM3_092H	[-]	-43.5		-10.7	13.3	0.00		0.351	0.645	1.00	0.660
CMIP6_001	[-]	-37.1		-4.28	10.2	2.03		0.740	0.555	0.749	0.650
LE2_001	[-]	-37.4		-4.58	9.84	1.02		0.722	0.546	0.933	0.687

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-38.3
CESM3_092H	[-]	-53.2		-14.8	20.4	1.03		0.00	0.213	0.930	0.339
CMIP6_001	[-]	-45.7		-7.35	14.6	1.03		0.414	0.243	0.930	0.458
LE2_001	[-]	-45.3		-6.96	14.4	0.00		0.445	0.234	1.00	0.478

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-55.6
CESM3_092H	[-]	-62.3		-6.73	18.2	0.672		0.114	0.244	0.917	0.380
CMIP6_001	[-]	-58.0		-2.45	17.3	0.328		0.193	0.255	0.979	0.420
LE2_001	[-]	-58.4		-2.82	17.4	0.328		0.164	0.250	0.979	0.411

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-68.9
CESM3_092H	[-]	-81.7		-12.9	20.5	1.01		0.307	0.237	0.879	0.415
CMIP6_001	[-]	-77.8		-7.20	19.4	0.821		0.528	0.206	0.933	0.468
LE2_001	[-]	-79.8		-9.22	18.2	1.00		0.449	0.286	0.880	0.475

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-47.4
CESM3_092H	[-]	-62.8		-15.3	22.9	0.997		0.160	0.193	0.883	0.357
CMIP6_001	[-]	-58.6		-11.2	21.4	0.917		0.280	0.170	0.897	0.379
LE2_001	[-]	-59.4		-12.0	21.6	0.812		0.248	0.155	0.911	0.367

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-54.8
CESM3_092H	[-]	-70.9		-16.0	23.5	1.18		0.201	0.219	0.850	0.372
CMIP6_001	[-]	-67.4		-12.4	22.1	1.12		0.311	0.190	0.864	0.389
LE2_001	[-]	-67.8		-12.9	21.7	1.04		0.289	0.192	0.872	0.386

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-33.6
CESM3_092H	[-]	-36.3		-2.34	13.9	0.508		0.780	0.236	0.966	0.555
CMIP6_001	[-]	-33.7		-0.0850	14.0	2.55		0.972	0.224	0.589	0.502
LE2_001	[-]	-33.9		-0.253	14.4	1.52		0.912	0.181	0.841	0.529

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-40.8
CESM3_092H	[-]	-73.3		-32.5	35.5	1.56		0.00	0.297	0.790	0.346
CMIP6_001	[-]	-67.1		-26.4	30.5	1.40		0.0251	0.264	0.813	0.342
LE2_001	[-]	-66.7		-25.9	29.7	1.28		0.0260	0.231	0.852	0.335

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-49.4
CESM3_092H	[-]	-61.7		-12.3	17.1	0.148		0.0478	0.225	0.990	0.372
CMIP6_001	[-]	-54.9		-5.54	14.5	0.148		0.483	0.167	0.990	0.452
LE2_001	[-]	-55.0		-5.68	14.4	0.148		0.471	0.172	0.990	0.451

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-80.7
CESM3_092H	[-]	-94.5		-13.3	23.8	2.09		0.331	0.129	0.709	0.324
CMIP6_001	[-]	-97.8		-17.1	26.3	1.98		0.204	0.0724	0.723	0.268
LE2_001	[-]	-96.8		-16.0	25.4	1.69		0.246	0.0735	0.743	0.284

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-35.2
CESM3_092H	[-]	-51.6		-16.4	20.2	3.52		0.108	0.468	0.381	0.356
CMIP6_001	[-]	-47.2		-12.0	15.6	3.02		0.272	0.571	0.506	0.480
LE2_001	[-]	-46.9		-11.7	15.8	3.02		0.291	0.568	0.506	0.483

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:

2015

  Institutions:

FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  References:

Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:

Fluxnet variable(s) used: LW_IN_F-LW_OUT