Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	293.
CESM3_092H	[-]	295.	295.	293.	298.	296.		2.59	2.67	0.690		0.122	0.541	0.931	0.961	0.619
CESM3_098bH	[-]	295.	295.	293.	298.	296.		2.66	2.71	0.691		0.114	0.582	0.930	0.960	0.634
CMIP6_001	[-]	295.	295.	293.	298.	296.		2.17	2.34	0.742		0.172	0.475	0.920	0.984	0.605
LE2_001	[-]	295.	295.	293.	298.	296.		2.23	2.38	0.773		0.164	0.490	0.916	0.984	0.609

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	293.
CESM3_092H	[-]	296.	296.	293.	298.	294.		3.17	3.38	0.398		0.333	0.698	0.963	0.927	0.724
CESM3_098bH	[-]	296.	296.	293.	298.	294.		3.27	3.42	0.434		0.318	0.718	0.960	0.926	0.728
CMIP6_001	[-]	296.	296.	293.	298.	295.		2.88	3.42	0.469		0.374	0.622	0.957	0.940	0.703
LE2_001	[-]	296.	296.	293.	298.	295.		2.95	3.46	0.466		0.367	0.628	0.959	0.936	0.704

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	289.
CESM3_092H	[-]	292.	292.	289.	295.	294.		3.96	4.09	1.25		0.285	0.718	0.831	0.991	0.709
CESM3_098bH	[-]	292.	292.	289.	295.	294.		3.85	3.97	1.25		0.295	0.728	0.832	0.991	0.715
CMIP6_001	[-]	292.	292.	289.	295.	293.		3.35	3.50	1.09		0.349	0.738	0.855	0.998	0.736
LE2_001	[-]	292.	292.	289.	295.	293.		3.48	3.61	1.21		0.336	0.741	0.846	0.998	0.732

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	257.
CESM3_092H	[-]	261.	260.	257.	265.			4.06	4.93	0.0705		0.784	0.860	0.995	0.918	0.883
CESM3_098bH	[-]	261.	261.	257.	265.			4.52	5.34	0.0688		0.762	0.855	0.995	0.917	0.877
CMIP6_001	[-]	262.	262.	257.	265.	262.		5.16	6.31	0.105		0.741	0.817	0.993	0.733	0.820
LE2_001	[-]	262.	262.	257.	265.	262.		5.21	6.36	0.197		0.740	0.817	0.987	0.708	0.814

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	294.
CESM3_092H	[-]	297.	297.	294.	299.	295.		3.50	3.60	1.59		0.0531	0.588	0.755	0.888	0.575
CESM3_098bH	[-]	297.	297.	294.	299.	295.		3.43	3.54	1.47		0.0568	0.589	0.772	0.887	0.579
CMIP6_001	[-]	296.	296.	294.	298.	295.		2.55	2.77	1.78		0.108	0.573	0.750	0.900	0.581
LE2_001	[-]	296.	296.	294.	298.	295.		2.58	2.78	1.77		0.106	0.577	0.754	0.898	0.583

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	266.
CESM3_092H	[-]	269.	269.	266.	274.	271.		3.90	4.34	0.0689		0.755	0.881	0.995	0.989	0.900
CESM3_098bH	[-]	270.	270.	266.	274.	271.		4.18	4.57	0.0669		0.740	0.884	0.996	0.989	0.899
CMIP6_001	[-]	268.	268.	266.	271.	270.		2.43	3.81	0.0469		0.854	0.827	0.997	0.894	0.880
LE2_001	[-]	268.	268.	266.	272.	270.		2.73	3.98	0.0471		0.836	0.828	0.997	0.893	0.876

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	274.
CESM3_092H	[-]	278.	278.	274.	288.	284.		3.65	4.44	0.251		0.687	0.868	0.983	1.00	0.881
CESM3_098bH	[-]	278.	278.	274.	288.	284.		3.79	4.57	0.260		0.680	0.865	0.982	1.00	0.878
CMIP6_001	[-]	277.	277.	274.	286.	284.		2.76	3.34	0.127		0.756	0.884	0.991	0.997	0.902
LE2_001	[-]	277.	277.	274.	286.	284.		2.94	3.50	0.206		0.744	0.880	0.986	0.996	0.897

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	291.
CESM3_092H	[-]	293.	293.	291.	298.	295.		1.82	2.97	0.549		0.544	0.746	0.956	0.977	0.794
CESM3_098bH	[-]	293.	293.	291.	298.	295.		1.76	2.89	0.509		0.556	0.744	0.958	0.980	0.796
CMIP6_001	[-]	293.	293.	291.	298.	296.		2.10	3.13	0.607		0.544	0.745	0.946	0.988	0.794
LE2_001	[-]	293.	293.	291.	298.	296.		2.16	3.19	0.610		0.539	0.736	0.947	0.988	0.789

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	259.
CESM3_092H	[-]	262.	262.	259.	265.	264.		3.16	4.13	0.0819		0.812	0.844	0.994	0.997	0.898
CESM3_098bH	[-]	262.	262.	259.	265.	264.		3.37	4.24	0.0546		0.802	0.849	0.996	0.996	0.898
CMIP6_001	[-]	263.	263.	259.	264.	260.		3.42	5.35	0.337		0.812	0.773	0.977	0.840	0.835
LE2_001	[-]	263.	263.	259.	264.	260.		3.87	5.61	0.288		0.788	0.774	0.981	0.850	0.833

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	288.
CESM3_092H	[-]	291.	291.	288.	290.	289.		3.16	3.24	0.290		0.519	0.862	0.980	0.999	0.844
CESM3_098bH	[-]	291.	291.	288.	289.	289.		2.86	2.94	0.266		0.553	0.873	0.982	0.999	0.856
CMIP6_001	[-]	291.	291.	288.	291.	289.		2.89	2.98	0.335		0.552	0.874	0.977	0.997	0.855
LE2_001	[-]	291.	291.	288.	291.	289.		2.92	3.00	0.231		0.549	0.873	0.984	0.998	0.855

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	278.
CESM3_092H	[-]	281.	281.	278.	285.	284.		4.13	4.34	0.585		0.512	0.834	0.961	0.997	0.828
CESM3_098bH	[-]	281.	281.	278.	285.	284.		4.26	4.44	0.561		0.503	0.838	0.962	0.999	0.828
CMIP6_001	[-]	280.	279.	278.	282.	282.		2.48	2.88	0.437		0.658	0.853	0.971	0.994	0.866
LE2_001	[-]	280.	280.	278.	282.	282.		2.64	3.04	0.446		0.643	0.847	0.970	0.994	0.860

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	281.
CESM3_092H	[-]	279.	284.	281.	242.	291.		3.25	3.83	0.691		0.527	0.772	0.920	1.00	0.798
CESM3_098bH	[-]	279.	284.	281.	242.	291.		3.38	3.90	0.675		0.521	0.775	0.921	0.999	0.798
CMIP6_001	[-]	279.	283.	281.	243.	286.		2.68	3.36	0.623		0.587	0.768	0.927	0.998	0.810
LE2_001	[-]	279.	283.	281.	243.	286.		2.80	3.44	0.656		0.578	0.767	0.924	0.998	0.807

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	289.
CESM3_092H	[-]	291.	291.	289.	293.	286.		2.30	3.06	0.492		0.670	0.796	0.959	0.994	0.843
CESM3_098bH	[-]	291.	291.	289.	294.	286.		2.56	3.20	0.443		0.650	0.799	0.964	0.995	0.841
CMIP6_001	[-]	290.	290.	289.	293.	292.		1.31	2.25	0.524		0.769	0.815	0.954	0.991	0.869
LE2_001	[-]	290.	290.	289.	293.	292.		1.41	2.30	0.564		0.763	0.813	0.949	0.992	0.866

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	260.
CESM3_092H	[-]	263.	263.	260.	262.			2.68	4.10	0.314		0.814	0.814	0.979	0.996	0.884
CESM3_098bH	[-]	264.	264.	260.	263.			3.27	4.47	0.262		0.783	0.814	0.982	1.00	0.879
CMIP6_001	[-]	263.	263.	260.	261.	262.		2.96	4.15	0.282		0.798	0.826	0.981	0.991	0.884
LE2_001	[-]	264.	264.	260.	262.	262.		3.30	4.38	0.321		0.781	0.823	0.978	0.994	0.880

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	289.
CESM3_092H	[-]	292.	292.	289.	297.	295.		3.93	4.13	1.34		0.319	0.758	0.827	0.999	0.732
CESM3_098bH	[-]	292.	292.	289.	297.	295.		4.09	4.29	1.28		0.308	0.745	0.845	1.00	0.729
CMIP6_001	[-]	292.	291.	289.	296.	293.		3.66	3.93	1.03		0.332	0.760	0.874	0.989	0.743
LE2_001	[-]	292.	292.	289.	296.	293.		3.72	3.98	1.00		0.327	0.757	0.878	0.987	0.742

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	280.
CESM3_092H	[-]	285.	284.	280.	291.	289.		4.70	4.98	0.909		0.577	0.842	0.939	1.00	0.840
CESM3_098bH	[-]	285.	285.	280.	292.	289.		4.94	5.16	0.911		0.560	0.857	0.939	1.00	0.842
CMIP6_001	[-]	284.	284.	280.	292.	287.		3.91	4.16	0.475		0.636	0.860	0.968	0.998	0.865
LE2_001	[-]	284.	284.	280.	292.	287.		3.99	4.22	0.571		0.630	0.867	0.962	0.999	0.865

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	269.
CESM3_092H	[-]	272.	272.	269.	278.			3.85	4.46	0.367		0.699	0.815	0.975	0.998	0.860
CESM3_098bH	[-]	273.	273.	269.	278.			4.15	4.71	0.460		0.680	0.820	0.969	0.999	0.858
CMIP6_001	[-]	271.	271.	269.	275.	275.		2.93	3.66	0.174		0.761	0.840	0.988	0.998	0.885
LE2_001	[-]	271.	271.	269.	276.	275.		3.02	3.75	0.159		0.755	0.837	0.989	0.996	0.883

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	276.
CESM3_092H	[-]	281.	281.	276.	286.	279.		5.02	5.40	0.757		0.525	0.798	0.949	0.988	0.812
CESM3_098bH	[-]	281.	281.	276.	286.	279.		5.06	5.45	0.706		0.521	0.793	0.952	0.989	0.810
CMIP6_001	[-]	281.	281.	276.	285.	281.		5.20	5.40	0.583		0.515	0.849	0.961	0.983	0.831
LE2_001	[-]	281.	281.	276.	285.	281.		5.09	5.35	0.671		0.523	0.833	0.955	0.986	0.826

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	294.
CESM3_092H	[-]	296.	296.	294.	298.	296.		2.59	2.87	2.96		0.0929	0.509	0.516	0.983	0.522
CESM3_098bH	[-]	296.	296.	294.	298.	296.		2.66	2.95	3.03		0.0897	0.485	0.502	0.987	0.510
CMIP6_001	[-]	295.	295.	294.	298.	295.		1.50	2.04	2.73		0.267	0.430	0.558	0.959	0.529
LE2_001	[-]	295.	295.	294.	298.	295.		1.55	2.06	2.88		0.258	0.440	0.529	0.958	0.525

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	290.
CESM3_092H	[-]	293.	293.	290.	294.	283.		2.93	3.15	1.17		0.348	0.694	0.858	0.999	0.719
CESM3_098bH	[-]	293.	293.	290.	294.	283.		2.86	3.08	1.07		0.358	0.693	0.864	0.998	0.721
CMIP6_001	[-]	293.	293.	290.	293.	288.		2.69	2.90	1.03		0.391	0.713	0.876	1.00	0.739
LE2_001	[-]	293.	293.	290.	294.	288.		2.77	2.98	0.983		0.377	0.713	0.880	1.00	0.737

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	278.
CESM3_092H	[-]	281.	280.	278.	287.	282.		3.15	3.66	0.824		0.442	0.757	0.938	1.00	0.779
CESM3_098bH	[-]	281.	280.	278.	287.	282.		3.16	3.66	0.645		0.442	0.763	0.949	1.00	0.783
CMIP6_001	[-]	281.	281.	278.	286.	281.		3.26	3.71	0.625		0.452	0.763	0.939	0.999	0.783
LE2_001	[-]	281.	281.	278.	286.	281.		3.29	3.73	0.693		0.450	0.762	0.936	0.999	0.782

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

CRU time series (TS) high-resolution gridded datasets

  Version:

4.02

  Institutions:

Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

  Source:

monthly observations at meteorological stations across the world land areas

  History:

2019-05-06: downloaded source from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.02/

2019-05-06: converted to netCDF with https://gist.github.com/nocollier/d73585731756fa472731065389af45dc

  References:

Harris, I., P.D. Jones, T.J. Osborn and D.H. Lister (2014), Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10 Dataset, International Journal of Climatology, 34(3), 623-642, doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  Comments:

time_period: 1960-01 through 2017-12

original_temporal_resolution: monthly

original_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

original_units: C

final_temporal_resolution: monthly

final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

final_units: K

  Convention:

CF-1.7