Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.8
CESM3_092H	[-]	6.86	6.89	10.8	4.40	7.52		-4.06	4.17	0.905		0.155	0.799	0.889	0.924	0.713
CESM3_098bH	[-]	6.91	6.93	10.8	4.60	7.53		-4.02	4.11	1.04		0.139	0.808	0.869	0.963	0.717
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.03	8.05	10.8	5.18	7.98		-2.93	3.23	1.42		0.379	0.747	0.789	0.916	0.715
LE2_001	[-]	8.00	8.01	10.8	5.14	7.98		-2.97	3.27	1.56		0.372	0.748	0.773	0.917	0.712

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.6
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.61	8.66	13.6	6.06	9.89		-4.96	5.09	1.05		0.0402	0.779	0.884	0.964	0.689
CESM3_098bH	[-]	8.76	8.82	13.6	6.24	9.89		-4.82	4.96	1.03		0.0474	0.770	0.888	0.953	0.686
CMIP6_001	[-]	9.84	9.91	13.6	7.30	11.1		-3.72	3.88	1.01		0.247	0.785	0.894	0.957	0.734
LE2_001	[-]	9.78	9.85	13.6	7.26	11.1		-3.77	3.94	0.956		0.239	0.787	0.898	0.957	0.734

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.8
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.11	8.16	12.8	5.73	8.74		-4.78	5.02	1.50		0.110	0.730	0.816	0.822	0.642
CESM3_098bH	[-]	8.60	8.66	12.8	6.03	8.75		-4.29	4.59	1.65		0.145	0.722	0.792	0.862	0.649
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.70	8.75	12.8	5.70	9.05		-4.26	4.56	1.58		0.155	0.741	0.801	0.886	0.665
LE2_001	[-]	8.70	8.75	12.8	5.68	9.05		-4.26	4.56	1.61		0.157	0.740	0.797	0.876	0.662

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.34
CESM3_092H	[-]	5.87	5.91	9.34	4.61			-3.58	3.85	0.399		0.200	0.710	0.950	0.643	0.642
CESM3_098bH	[-]	5.83	5.88	9.34	4.53			-3.63	3.86	0.453		0.192	0.721	0.944	0.663	0.649
CMIP6_001	[-]	5.48	5.52	9.36	4.22	7.80		-3.97	4.26	1.88		0.149	0.695	0.687	0.742	0.594
LE2_001	[-]	5.49	5.54	9.36	4.24	7.80		-3.96	4.24	1.79		0.149	0.697	0.702	0.747	0.598

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.51
CESM3_092H	[-]	5.16	5.29	9.52	4.14	8.49		-4.65	4.69	2.08		0.206	0.882	0.692	0.522	0.637
CESM3_098bH	[-]	5.20	5.32	9.52	4.22	8.49		-4.60	4.65	2.17		0.213	0.884	0.671	0.505	0.631
CMIP6_001	[-]	6.19	6.32	9.58	4.81	8.85		-3.78	3.88	1.99		0.344	0.873	0.711	0.668	0.694
LE2_001	[-]	6.18	6.31	9.58	4.81	8.85		-3.79	3.89	1.98		0.344	0.871	0.708	0.666	0.692

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.6
CESM3_092H	[-]	7.67	7.67	10.7	5.46	7.27		-3.03	3.26	1.08		0.288	0.729	0.846	0.806	0.680
CESM3_098bH	[-]	7.61	7.61	10.7	5.37	7.27		-3.09	3.31	1.26		0.276	0.737	0.809	0.780	0.668
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.11	8.13	10.7	6.29	8.39		-2.54	2.85	2.11		0.370	0.727	0.655	0.764	0.648
LE2_001	[-]	8.15	8.17	10.7	6.21	8.39		-2.50	2.82	2.19		0.380	0.721	0.639	0.763	0.645

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.6
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.94	8.99	11.6	4.74	7.10		-2.75	3.14	1.87		0.365	0.718	0.731	0.903	0.687
CESM3_098bH	[-]	9.09	9.14	11.6	4.82	7.10		-2.61	3.02	1.79		0.392	0.723	0.740	0.897	0.695
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.85	8.90	11.6	4.93	7.96		-2.82	3.14	1.68		0.338	0.759	0.758	0.810	0.685
LE2_001	[-]	8.81	8.86	11.6	4.90	7.96		-2.87	3.17	1.65		0.332	0.762	0.762	0.805	0.685

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.1
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.86	8.98	11.1	5.09	7.98		-2.58	2.95	1.40		0.418	0.756	0.820	0.985	0.747
CESM3_098bH	[-]	9.16	9.29	11.1	5.25	7.98		-2.28	2.69	1.39		0.476	0.765	0.821	0.984	0.762
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.82	8.91	11.2	5.59	8.48		-2.62	3.13	1.58		0.391	0.713	0.785	0.983	0.717
LE2_001	[-]	8.76	8.85	11.2	5.58	8.48		-2.68	3.19	1.66		0.380	0.707	0.776	0.979	0.710

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.40
CESM3_092H	[-]	5.93	5.99	8.41	4.32	7.19		-2.57	2.79	0.524		0.361	0.773	0.924	0.935	0.753
CESM3_098bH	[-]	5.91	5.97	8.41	4.30	7.19		-2.59	2.80	0.523		0.356	0.776	0.925	0.932	0.753
CMIP6_001	[-]	5.21	5.26	8.41	4.07	7.44		-3.22	3.49	1.45		0.202	0.704	0.772	0.939	0.665
LE2_001	[-]	5.26	5.31	8.41	4.05	7.44		-3.17	3.42	1.62		0.215	0.712	0.736	0.955	0.666

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.4
CESM3_092H	[-]	9.11	9.19	13.5	5.71	9.43		-4.63	4.69	1.12		0.0933	0.838	0.883	0.991	0.729
CESM3_098bH	[-]	9.91	10.0	13.5	5.95	9.42		-3.86	3.98	1.16		0.189	0.814	0.874	0.989	0.736
CMIP6_001	[-]	9.37	9.44	13.5	5.93	10.2		-4.39	4.51	1.16		0.125	0.814	0.874	0.991	0.724
LE2_001	[-]	9.42	9.49	13.5	5.92	10.2		-4.34	4.46	1.08		0.134	0.823	0.890	0.994	0.733

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.55
CESM3_092H	[-]	6.62	6.68	8.55	5.10	9.47		-2.15	2.36	1.01		0.439	0.835	0.887	0.981	0.795
CESM3_098bH	[-]	6.74	6.80	8.54	5.16	9.47		-2.04	2.25	0.899		0.460	0.848	0.902	0.990	0.810
CMIP6_001	[-]	6.94	6.98	8.57	5.72	7.64		-1.88	2.11	0.934		0.502	0.842	0.901	0.979	0.813
LE2_001	[-]	6.96	7.00	8.57	5.73	7.64		-1.86	2.09	0.940		0.508	0.844	0.896	0.981	0.814

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.7
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.05	8.36	11.7	5.56	8.99		-3.54	3.80	1.32		0.261	0.776	0.822	0.863	0.700
CESM3_098bH	[-]	8.26	8.59	11.7	5.57	8.99		-3.32	3.60	1.32		0.289	0.777	0.823	0.894	0.712
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.26	8.67	11.7	4.98	8.87		-3.24	3.56	1.46		0.304	0.763	0.796	0.910	0.707
LE2_001	[-]	8.25	8.65	11.7	4.96	8.87		-3.26	3.57	1.45		0.304	0.763	0.797	0.907	0.707

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	14.0
CESM3_092H	[-]	10.3	10.3	14.0	6.97	10.3		-3.79	4.25	1.41		0.188	0.835	0.810	0.935	0.721
CESM3_098bH	[-]	10.6	10.7	14.0	7.24	10.3		-3.43	3.95	1.33		0.224	0.847	0.827	0.927	0.735
CMIP6_001	[-]	11.3	11.3	14.0	7.48	11.0		-2.86	3.28	1.32		0.342	0.820	0.824	0.928	0.747
LE2_001	[-]	11.2	11.2	14.0	7.45	11.0		-2.91	3.31	1.29		0.336	0.822	0.830	0.922	0.747

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.33
CESM3_092H	[-]	6.15	6.20	8.33	4.66			-2.38	2.66	0.486		0.394	0.751	0.936	0.971	0.760
CESM3_098bH	[-]	6.14	6.19	8.33	4.61			-2.39	2.65	0.497		0.390	0.760	0.934	0.971	0.763
CMIP6_001	[-]	5.37	5.41	8.34	4.29	7.34		-3.07	3.27	0.784		0.242	0.758	0.885	0.935	0.715
LE2_001	[-]	5.38	5.42	8.34	4.30	7.34		-3.07	3.26	0.799		0.243	0.758	0.883	0.939	0.716

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.3
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.09	8.26	13.3	5.58	8.74		-5.64	5.72	0.955		0.0755	0.816	0.906	0.857	0.694
CESM3_098bH	[-]	8.40	8.58	13.3	5.81	8.74		-5.34	5.44	0.930		0.102	0.801	0.906	0.861	0.694
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.65	8.74	13.4	6.85	10.2		-5.24	5.36	1.05		0.124	0.766	0.881	0.828	0.673
LE2_001	[-]	8.61	8.71	13.4	6.83	10.2		-5.28	5.40	1.04		0.120	0.771	0.882	0.831	0.675

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.0
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.96	8.98	12.0	6.64	10.7		-3.18	3.26	2.57		0.228	0.836	0.576	0.968	0.689
CESM3_098bH	[-]	9.14	9.15	12.0	6.75	10.7		-3.01	3.10	2.09		0.267	0.834	0.673	0.945	0.711
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.68	8.70	12.0	5.98	9.89		-3.46	3.57	2.61		0.156	0.801	0.576	0.977	0.662
LE2_001	[-]	8.72	8.74	12.0	5.99	9.89		-3.43	3.54	2.50		0.164	0.795	0.601	0.976	0.666

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.8
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.51	8.54	10.8	6.01			-2.41	2.66	1.22		0.339	0.780	0.821	0.937	0.731
CESM3_098bH	[-]	8.47	8.50	10.8	5.90			-2.45	2.70	1.24		0.329	0.779	0.815	0.946	0.729
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.67	8.66	10.8	6.48	7.43		-2.33	2.72	1.89		0.368	0.711	0.696	0.991	0.695
LE2_001	[-]	8.71	8.69	10.8	6.51	7.43		-2.29	2.73	1.73		0.375	0.697	0.724	0.992	0.697

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	15.2
CESM3_092H	[-]	10.2	10.2	15.2	7.59	10.9		-4.99	5.11	0.862		0.0996	0.782	0.899	0.469	0.606
CESM3_098bH	[-]	10.4	10.4	15.2	7.65	10.9		-4.78	4.91	0.836		0.115	0.781	0.913	0.494	0.617
CMIP6_001	[-]	9.79	9.80	15.2	7.99	11.0		-5.44	5.60	0.858		0.0639	0.768	0.901	0.518	0.604
LE2_001	[-]	9.73	9.74	15.2	7.98	11.0		-5.50	5.66	0.794		0.0619	0.769	0.910	0.511	0.604

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.2
CESM3_092H	[-]	7.71	7.73	10.2	4.81	8.22		-2.57	2.73	1.01		0.462	0.824	0.860	0.974	0.789
CESM3_098bH	[-]	7.93	7.95	10.2	5.09	8.23		-2.34	2.57	1.05		0.510	0.806	0.856	0.981	0.792
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.72	8.74	10.2	5.04	9.42		-1.60	2.36	0.821		0.655	0.726	0.892	0.989	0.798
LE2_001	[-]	8.71	8.73	10.2	5.03	9.42		-1.61	2.38	0.842		0.653	0.726	0.890	0.988	0.796

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.6
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.82	8.89	11.6	5.63	9.54		-2.83	3.01	1.40		0.356	0.806	0.840	0.996	0.761
CESM3_098bH	[-]	9.33	9.41	11.6	5.92	9.56		-2.33	2.57	1.36		0.460	0.800	0.843	0.995	0.780
CMIP6_001	[-]	8.63	8.70	11.6	5.28	9.06		-3.05	3.22	1.20		0.310	0.804	0.861	0.995	0.754
LE2_001	[-]	8.67	8.73	11.6	5.29	9.06		-3.01	3.18	1.18		0.317	0.809	0.864	0.993	0.758

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.4
CESM3_092H	[-]	8.45	8.47	12.4	6.27	9.80		-4.26	4.64	1.60		0.170	0.805	0.780	0.951	0.702
CESM3_098bH	[-]	8.73	8.74	12.4	6.51	9.81		-4.00	4.44	1.62		0.183	0.805	0.775	0.964	0.707
CMIP6_001	[-]	9.27	9.29	12.5	7.27	7.53		-3.66	4.07	1.74		0.232	0.782	0.760	0.972	0.706
LE2_001	[-]	9.22	9.23	12.5	7.22	7.53		-3.71	4.12	1.69		0.227	0.778	0.756	0.967	0.701

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

CRU time series (TS) high-resolution gridded datasets

  Version:

4.02

  Institutions:

Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

  Source:

monthly observations of 2-meter maximum and minimum air temperature at meteorological stations across the world land areas

  History:

2019-05-06: downloaded source from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.02/

2019-05-06: converted to netCDF with https://gist.github.com/nocollier/d73585731756fa472731065389af45dc

  References:

Harris, I., P.D. Jones, T.J. Osborn and D.H. Lister (2014), Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10 Dataset, International Journal of Climatology, 34(3), 623-642, doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  Comments:

time_period: 1960-01 through 2017-12

original_temporal_resolution: monthly

original_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

original_units: C

final_temporal_resolution: monthly

final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

final_units: K

  Convention:

CF-1.7