Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.8
h0	[-]	11.5	11.6	10.8	7.15	8.46		0.472	0.888	0.532		0.822	0.930	0.929	0.938	0.910
h0a	[-]	11.5	11.6	10.8	7.15	8.46		0.472	0.888	0.532		0.822	0.930	0.929	0.938	0.910

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.6
h0	[-]	15.0	15.1	13.6	8.47	10.9		1.42	1.66	0.702		0.662	0.868	0.924	0.923	0.849
h0a	[-]	15.0	15.1	13.6	8.47	10.9		1.42	1.66	0.702		0.662	0.868	0.924	0.923	0.849

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.8
h0	[-]	14.0	14.1	12.9	7.76	8.83		0.810	1.30	0.491		0.728	0.906	0.941	0.980	0.892
h0a	[-]	14.0	14.1	12.9	7.76	8.83		0.810	1.30	0.491		0.728	0.906	0.941	0.980	0.892

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.07
h0	[-]	9.76	9.83	9.08	6.59	7.80		0.455	1.21	1.19		0.810	0.801	0.817	0.992	0.844
h0a	[-]	9.76	9.83	9.08	6.59	7.80		0.455	1.21	1.19		0.810	0.801	0.817	0.992	0.844

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.37
h0	[-]	9.65	9.89	9.40	6.89	8.55		-0.315	1.60	1.32		0.680	0.937	0.803	0.953	0.862
h0a	[-]	9.65	9.89	9.40	6.89	8.55		-0.315	1.60	1.32		0.680	0.937	0.803	0.953	0.862

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.4
h0	[-]	10.9	10.9	10.4	6.80	7.92		0.444	1.14	1.12		0.822	0.787	0.850	0.990	0.847
h0a	[-]	10.9	10.9	10.4	6.80	7.92		0.444	1.14	1.12		0.822	0.787	0.850	0.990	0.847

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.4
h0	[-]	12.3	12.4	11.4	5.48	7.63		0.753	1.31	1.06		0.750	0.827	0.862	0.996	0.852
h0a	[-]	12.3	12.4	11.4	5.48	7.63		0.753	1.31	1.06		0.750	0.827	0.862	0.996	0.852

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.0
h0	[-]	12.4	12.5	11.0	7.26	7.86		0.992	1.55	0.633		0.676	0.873	0.924	0.948	0.859
h0a	[-]	12.4	12.5	11.0	7.26	7.86		0.992	1.55	0.633		0.676	0.873	0.924	0.948	0.859

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.06
h0	[-]	8.64	8.69	8.06	6.19	7.17		0.452	1.16	0.526		0.830	0.793	0.935	0.960	0.862
h0a	[-]	8.64	8.69	8.06	6.19	7.17		0.452	1.16	0.526		0.830	0.793	0.935	0.960	0.862

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.6
h0	[-]	14.9	15.1	13.6	8.07	10.2		0.836	1.57	0.858		0.691	0.866	0.906	0.872	0.840
h0a	[-]	14.9	15.1	13.6	8.07	10.2		0.836	1.57	0.858		0.691	0.866	0.906	0.872	0.840

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.65
h0	[-]	9.29	9.36	8.66	6.68	7.98		0.277	1.22	0.771		0.768	0.825	0.913	0.954	0.857
h0a	[-]	9.29	9.36	8.66	6.68	7.98		0.277	1.22	0.771		0.768	0.825	0.913	0.954	0.857

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.6
h0	[-]	12.1	12.6	11.6	7.84	8.74		0.608	1.35	0.864		0.749	0.849	0.887	0.993	0.865
h0a	[-]	12.1	12.6	11.6	7.84	8.74		0.608	1.35	0.864		0.749	0.849	0.887	0.993	0.865

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	14.0
h0	[-]	15.7	15.7	14.0	8.18	10.9		1.43	1.82	0.912		0.627	0.880	0.876	0.952	0.843
h0a	[-]	15.7	15.7	14.0	8.18	10.9		1.43	1.82	0.912		0.627	0.880	0.876	0.952	0.843

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.17
h0	[-]	8.70	8.75	8.18	6.43	7.16		0.273	1.13	0.898		0.859	0.782	0.872	0.994	0.858
h0a	[-]	8.70	8.75	8.18	6.43	7.16		0.273	1.13	0.898		0.859	0.782	0.872	0.994	0.858

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.2
h0	[-]	13.8	14.0	13.3	8.92	9.29		-0.236	1.33	0.785		0.732	0.896	0.909	0.974	0.881
h0a	[-]	13.8	14.0	13.3	8.92	9.29		-0.236	1.33	0.785		0.732	0.896	0.909	0.974	0.881

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.9
h0	[-]	12.0	12.0	11.9	9.23	10.4		-0.0128	1.19	1.61		0.844	0.771	0.753	0.945	0.817
h0a	[-]	12.0	12.0	11.9	9.23	10.4		-0.0128	1.19	1.61		0.844	0.771	0.753	0.945	0.817

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.8
h0	[-]	11.2	11.2	10.8	6.80	7.88		0.184	1.01	0.951		0.850	0.802	0.875	0.994	0.865
h0a	[-]	11.2	11.2	10.8	6.80	7.88		0.184	1.01	0.951		0.850	0.802	0.875	0.994	0.865

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	15.1
h0	[-]	14.9	14.9	15.1	9.65	10.7		-0.217	1.42	0.615		0.799	0.761	0.931	0.998	0.850
h0a	[-]	14.9	14.9	15.1	9.65	10.7		-0.217	1.42	0.615		0.799	0.761	0.931	0.998	0.850

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.1
h0	[-]	10.5	10.5	10.1	6.88	8.56		0.248	0.575	0.509		0.886	0.952	0.935	0.991	0.943
h0a	[-]	10.5	10.5	10.1	6.88	8.56		0.248	0.575	0.509		0.886	0.952	0.935	0.991	0.943

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.5
h0	[-]	12.4	12.5	11.6	7.36	8.89		0.819	1.08	0.686		0.772	0.912	0.919	0.982	0.899
h0a	[-]	12.4	12.5	11.6	7.36	8.89		0.819	1.08	0.686		0.772	0.912	0.919	0.982	0.899

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.3
h0	[-]	13.4	13.5	12.4	7.97	7.53		0.540	1.60	1.01		0.685	0.841	0.876	0.957	0.840
h0a	[-]	13.4	13.5	12.4	7.97	7.53		0.540	1.60	1.01		0.685	0.841	0.876	0.957	0.840

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

CRU time series (TS) high-resolution gridded datasets

  Version:

4.02

  Institutions:

Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

  Source:

monthly observations of 2-meter maximum and minimum air temperature at meteorological stations across the world land areas

  History:

2019-05-06: downloaded source from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.02/

2019-05-06: converted to netCDF with https://gist.github.com/nocollier/d73585731756fa472731065389af45dc

  References:

Harris, I., P.D. Jones, T.J. Osborn and D.H. Lister (2014), Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10 Dataset, International Journal of Climatology, 34(3), 623-642, doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  Comments:

time_period: 1960-01 through 2017-12

original_temporal_resolution: monthly

original_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

original_units: C

final_temporal_resolution: monthly

final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

final_units: K

  Convention:

CF-1.7