Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	27.2
Control	[-]	30.4	30.5	27.2	28.2	18.0		3.09	4.98	0.910		0.365	0.597	0.866	0.979	0.681
Randomized	[-]	31.2	31.2	27.2	28.8	18.0		3.80	5.46	0.927		0.326	0.583	0.867	0.976	0.667

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	20.3
Control	[-]	20.8	20.6	20.3	18.2	25.0		0.229	4.50	0.292		0.539	0.705	0.971	0.933	0.771
Randomized	[-]	21.1	21.0	20.3	18.4	25.0		0.568	4.56	0.322		0.536	0.705	0.967	0.929	0.769

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	20.2
Control	[-]	23.3	23.2	20.2	24.9	16.9		2.98	4.78	0.881		0.479	0.707	0.885	0.919	0.740
Randomized	[-]	23.5	23.5	20.2	25.1	16.9		3.27	4.98	1.01		0.464	0.697	0.870	0.912	0.728

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	31.4
Control	[-]	58.1	57.7	31.4	63.9	21.7		26.4	28.4	1.82		0.0195	0.0760	0.726	0.335	0.247
Randomized	[-]	56.8	56.3	31.4	63.4	21.7		25.1	27.4	1.91		0.0230	0.0721	0.707	0.317	0.238

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	34.6
Control	[-]	39.0	40.1	34.7	37.2	27.8		5.26	7.16	1.58		0.229	0.589	0.763	0.656	0.565
Randomized	[-]	39.4	40.5	34.7	37.6	27.8		5.65	7.15	1.48		0.224	0.585	0.790	0.671	0.571

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	31.8
Control	[-]	48.9	49.1	31.8	46.4	19.9		17.3	19.4	1.21		0.0415	0.135	0.841	0.453	0.321
Randomized	[-]	49.3	49.4	31.8	46.1	19.9		17.6	19.8	1.45		0.0396	0.128	0.800	0.447	0.309

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	23.4
Control	[-]	28.9	28.9	23.4	31.4	22.8		5.62	7.16	1.98		0.257	0.470	0.680	0.939	0.563
Randomized	[-]	29.1	29.2	23.4	31.4	22.8		5.86	7.36	2.01		0.251	0.455	0.676	0.937	0.555

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	24.7
Control	[-]	29.7	29.4	24.7	32.4	23.8		4.79	6.19	0.742		0.437	0.649	0.910	0.956	0.720
Randomized	[-]	29.8	29.5	24.7	32.6	23.8		4.85	6.29	0.772		0.431	0.637	0.903	0.959	0.713

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	33.8
Control	[-]	69.2	69.1	33.8	69.6	27.8		35.1	36.4	2.25		0.000465	0.157	0.663	0.656	0.327
Randomized	[-]	69.1	68.9	33.8	69.1	27.8		35.0	36.3	2.63		0.00114	0.143	0.593	0.634	0.303

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	15.7
Control	[-]	19.2	18.8	15.7	24.5	17.3		3.43	4.16	0.625		0.446	0.738	0.917	0.896	0.747
Randomized	[-]	18.9	18.5	15.7	24.5	17.3		3.12	3.95	0.633		0.470	0.736	0.919	0.892	0.751

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	28.5
Control	[-]	37.2	37.5	28.5	34.9	20.5		8.67	9.95	0.709		0.226	0.417	0.928	0.683	0.534
Randomized	[-]	37.2	37.5	28.5	35.0	20.5		8.67	9.93	0.699		0.224	0.421	0.930	0.690	0.537

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	23.9
Control	[-]	31.2	31.0	23.9	33.3	18.7		7.15	8.97	1.11		0.301	0.513	0.847	0.644	0.563
Randomized	[-]	31.3	31.1	23.9	33.4	18.7		7.30	9.05	1.17		0.298	0.505	0.839	0.648	0.559

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.4
Control	[-]	13.1	13.0	10.4	19.2	10.3		2.70	3.26	1.03		0.303	0.719	0.857	0.969	0.713
Randomized	[-]	13.1	13.0	10.4	19.1	10.3		2.71	3.25	1.09		0.306	0.706	0.853	0.971	0.708

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	30.7
Control	[-]	54.3	54.1	30.7	55.3	21.9		23.6	25.1	2.02		0.0196	0.160	0.699	0.527	0.313
Randomized	[-]	54.2	54.0	30.7	55.2	21.9		23.5	24.9	2.02		0.0200	0.152	0.701	0.523	0.310

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	22.1
Control	[-]	27.9	27.8	22.1	28.4	18.6		5.66	6.61	0.623		0.321	0.662	0.921	0.980	0.709
Randomized	[-]	28.3	28.2	22.1	28.6	18.6		6.07	6.97	0.698		0.304	0.639	0.911	0.981	0.695

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	30.1
Control	[-]	34.2	34.2	30.1	34.6	22.4		4.09	6.42	0.463		0.358	0.413	0.965	0.947	0.619
Randomized	[-]	34.4	34.4	30.1	34.9	22.4		4.32	6.61	0.510		0.351	0.409	0.958	0.949	0.615

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	29.5
Control	[-]	41.5	41.6	29.5	41.3	20.5		12.1	14.5	1.02		0.0710	0.131	0.892	0.901	0.426
Randomized	[-]	41.3	41.4	29.5	41.4	20.5		11.9	14.4	1.03		0.0741	0.129	0.893	0.897	0.424

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	21.2
Control	[-]	25.8	25.9	21.2	30.4	20.7		4.68	5.85	0.843		0.386	0.587	0.899	0.869	0.666
Randomized	[-]	26.0	26.0	21.2	30.6	20.7		4.84	6.04	0.931		0.377	0.575	0.887	0.862	0.655

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	33.8
Control	[-]	34.4	34.5	33.8	31.3	21.9		0.720	4.81	0.742		0.431	0.538	0.921	0.780	0.642
Randomized	[-]	35.1	35.2	33.8	31.7	21.9		1.42	4.84	0.766		0.429	0.535	0.923	0.795	0.643

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	26.9
Control	[-]	29.6	29.5	26.9	29.2	23.0		2.60	5.11	0.876		0.423	0.612	0.898	0.958	0.701
Randomized	[-]	30.1	30.0	26.9	29.4	23.0		3.09	5.32	0.873		0.415	0.618	0.899	0.954	0.701

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	19.0
Control	[-]	23.6	23.7	19.0	23.2	19.8		5.02	7.03	0.774		0.346	0.593	0.909	0.796	0.647
Randomized	[-]	23.8	23.9	19.0	23.4	19.8		5.19	7.20	0.768		0.343	0.571	0.908	0.799	0.639

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

Observation-based global multilayer soil moisture products for 1970 to 2016

  Version:

1

  Institutions:

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

  Source:

Offline land surface models, reanalysis, and satellite soil moisture datasets combined using the Optimal Linear Combination technique of Hobeichi, 2018 (doi:10.5194/hess-22-1317-2018)

  History:

2021-09-14: downloaded https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-v8QmowHzZrvUHWUdmSJw5rtwfxYJnfA/view?usp=sharing

2021-09-14: selected top 10cm, converted unit from vol-% to kg m-2

  References:

Wang, Y. and Mao, J. and Jin, M. and Hoffman, F. M. and Shi, X. and Wullschleger, S. D. and Dai, Y. (2021), Development of observation-based global multilayer soil moisture products for 1970 to 2016, Earth System Science Data, 4385--4405, 10.5194/essd-13-4385-2021

  Comments:

time_period: 1970-01 through 2016-12

temporal_resolution: monthly

spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

units: kg m-2

  Convention:

CF-1.8