Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.47
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.29	2.43	3.53	0.0397	0.00901		-2.23		0.719	0.787	0.753
Control	[-]	2.19	2.30	3.53	0.0395	0.00901		-2.50		0.698	0.830	0.764
Randomized	[-]	2.29	2.40	3.53	0.0420	0.00901		-2.28		0.716	0.826	0.771

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	5.23
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.48	2.28	5.19	0.0135	0.00842		-4.41		0.394	0.196	0.295
Control	[-]	2.01	1.83	5.19	0.0109	0.00842		-5.09		0.407	0.218	0.312
Randomized	[-]	2.12	1.93	5.19	0.0116	0.00842		-4.93		0.408	0.225	0.317

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.53
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	3.42	3.22	4.46	0.204	0.00711		-1.30		0.423	0.379	0.401
Control	[-]	2.88	2.68	4.46	0.199	0.00711		-1.93		0.390	0.358	0.374
Randomized	[-]	2.97	2.77	4.46	0.204	0.00711		-1.83		0.394	0.378	0.386

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.06
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	0.370	0.347	1.08	0.0228	0.00346		-2.39		0.528	0.120	0.324
Control	[-]	0.231	0.223	1.08	0.00843	0.00346		-2.83		0.465	0.180	0.323
Randomized	[-]	0.250	0.241	1.08	0.00893	0.00346		-2.77		0.474	0.204	0.339

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.20
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	1.90	1.42	2.13	0.478	0.0783		-1.51		0.840	0.632	0.736
Control	[-]	1.67	1.21	2.13	0.462	0.0783		-2.39		0.769	0.907	0.838
Randomized	[-]	1.71	1.24	2.13	0.473	0.0783		-2.25		0.779	0.898	0.838

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.28
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	1.81	1.70	6.40	0.0501	0.00484		-5.39		0.519	0.0839	0.301
Control	[-]	1.32	1.24	6.40	0.0349	0.00484		-5.94		0.470	0.0952	0.282
Randomized	[-]	1.34	1.26	6.40	0.0356	0.00484		-5.91		0.471	0.0995	0.285

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	17.5
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	3.70	3.54	17.4	0.173	0.00434		-7.73		0.504	0.184	0.344
Control	[-]	3.66	3.50	17.4	0.164	0.00434		-7.76		0.485	0.131	0.308
Randomized	[-]	3.80	3.63	17.4	0.166	0.00434		-7.68		0.483	0.134	0.309

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.61
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.87	2.58	6.56	0.280	0.0366		-5.75		0.586	0.504	0.545
Control	[-]	2.81	2.51	6.56	0.289	0.0366		-5.83		0.590	0.571	0.581
Randomized	[-]	2.86	2.56	6.56	0.294	0.0366		-5.76		0.593	0.571	0.582

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.30
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	0.445	0.417	1.34	0.0317	0.00149		-2.98		0.537	0.0547	0.296
Control	[-]	0.151	0.147	1.34	0.00554	0.00149		-3.86		0.421	0.0314	0.226
Randomized	[-]	0.153	0.149	1.34	0.00561	0.00149		-3.86		0.422	0.0344	0.228

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.77
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.10	1.81	3.75	0.293	0.0207		-2.33		0.577	0.340	0.458
Control	[-]	1.92	1.66	3.75	0.263	0.0207		-2.53		0.557	0.253	0.405
Randomized	[-]	1.92	1.66	3.75	0.266	0.0207		-2.53		0.555	0.263	0.409

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.91
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	1.28	1.14	4.87	0.134	0.0261		-7.61		0.491	0.126	0.309
Control	[-]	1.04	0.906	4.87	0.123	0.0261		-8.09		0.469	0.181	0.325
Randomized	[-]	1.06	0.930	4.87	0.125	0.0261		-8.04		0.472	0.190	0.331

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	88.2
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	39.3	36.5	88.0	2.70	0.278		-3.89		0.543	0.428	0.485
Control	[-]	34.3	31.8	88.0	2.47	0.278		-4.27		0.519	0.407	0.463
Randomized	[-]	35.4	32.8	88.0	2.52	0.278		-4.19		0.523	0.424	0.473

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.41
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	1.22	1.15	3.39	0.0850	0.0114		-1.36		0.601	0.121	0.361
Control	[-]	1.13	1.06	3.39	0.0839	0.0114		-1.42		0.586	0.121	0.353
Randomized	[-]	1.16	1.09	3.39	0.0847	0.0114		-1.40		0.591	0.126	0.359

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.56
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	0.762	0.653	3.60	0.0965	0.0111		-5.47		0.502	0.0385	0.270
Control	[-]	0.419	0.369	3.60	0.0445	0.0111		-6.03		0.440	0.0331	0.236
Randomized	[-]	0.425	0.374	3.60	0.0451	0.0111		-6.02		0.441	0.0345	0.238

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.98
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	1.20	0.934	1.95	0.253	0.0290		-3.31		0.675	0.722	0.699
Control	[-]	1.10	0.846	1.95	0.237	0.0290		-3.67		0.652	0.623	0.637
Randomized	[-]	1.13	0.877	1.95	0.242	0.0290		-3.53		0.665	0.624	0.644

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.09
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	1.59	1.45	4.06	0.0925	0.00206		-6.91		0.552	0.396	0.474
Control	[-]	1.34	1.22	4.06	0.0835	0.00206		-7.53		0.517	0.391	0.454
Randomized	[-]	1.36	1.24	4.06	0.0845	0.00206		-7.48		0.520	0.407	0.464

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.46
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	1.14	1.06	2.49	0.0895	0.00374		-2.97		0.596	0.0368	0.316
Control	[-]	0.809	0.754	2.49	0.0585	0.00374		-3.63		0.623	0.0597	0.341
Randomized	[-]	0.811	0.756	2.49	0.0586	0.00374		-3.63		0.622	0.0608	0.341

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.85
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	0.797	0.839	3.81	0.00507	0.00396		-7.48		0.504	0.0743	0.289
Control	[-]	0.749	0.786	3.81	0.00362	0.00396		-7.62		0.515	0.0520	0.283
Randomized	[-]	0.779	0.818	3.81	0.00367	0.00396		-7.54		0.519	0.0588	0.289

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.52
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	5.93	5.70	6.58	0.195	0.000106		-1.00		0.728	0.176	0.452
Control	[-]	5.43	5.19	6.58	0.215	0.000106		-1.62		0.685	0.513	0.599
Randomized	[-]	5.61	5.35	6.58	0.221	0.000106		-1.42		0.700	0.497	0.599

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.44
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	3.26	3.18	3.42	0.116	0.00578		-0.300		0.303	0.139	0.221
Control	[-]	2.86	2.78	3.42	0.109	0.00578		-0.931		0.280	0.147	0.214
Randomized	[-]	2.99	2.91	3.42	0.111	0.00578		-0.724		0.288	0.158	0.223

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.80
CLM5_GSWP3V1	[-]	0.658	0.634	1.74	0.0324	0.0104		-3.44		0.577	0.311	0.444
Control	[-]	0.582	0.558	1.74	0.0279	0.0104		-3.70		0.568	0.206	0.387
Randomized	[-]	0.603	0.579	1.74	0.0283	0.0104		-3.63		0.576	0.220	0.398

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score

  Title:

Biological Nitrogen Fixation

  Version:

1

  Institutions:

University of Exeter

  Source:

A comprehensive global meta analysis of field measurements

  History:

2020-12-14: obtained dataset 2020-12-14: converted to netCDF

  References:

Davies-Barnard, T. and Friedlingstein, P. (2020), The Global Distribution of Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Terrestrial Natural Ecosystems, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 3, doi:10.1029/2019GB006387

  Comments:

time_period: single estimate from 1980 through 2019

temporal_resolution: monthly

spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

units: kg m-2 s-1

  Convention:

CF-1.8