Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	298.
default	[-]	299.	299.	298.	299.	301.		0.664	2.15	1.68		0.370	0.503	0.745	0.894	0.603
handtune0011	[-]	299.	299.	298.	299.	301.		0.813	2.21	1.67		0.332	0.507	0.747	0.903	0.599

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	300.
default	[-]	300.	300.	300.	300.	300.		-0.0279	2.67	1.60		0.542	0.581	0.745	0.988	0.687
handtune0011	[-]	300.	300.	300.	300.	300.		-0.0400	2.67	1.60		0.542	0.579	0.745	0.987	0.686

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	295.
default	[-]	296.	295.	295.	297.	295.		1.34	2.53	1.35		0.484	0.623	0.805	0.967	0.700
handtune0011	[-]	296.	295.	295.	297.	295.		1.37	2.54	1.32		0.483	0.624	0.808	0.967	0.701

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	262.
default	[-]	261.	261.	262.	269.	267.		0.900	3.68	0.0753		0.863	0.860	0.995	1.00	0.915
handtune0011	[-]	261.	261.	262.	269.	266.		0.937	3.69	0.0632		0.862	0.860	0.996	1.00	0.915

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	299.
default	[-]	300.	300.	299.	299.	299.		0.486	1.47	2.51		0.290	0.384	0.594	0.789	0.488
handtune0011	[-]	300.	300.	299.	299.	299.		0.649	1.51	2.20		0.285	0.391	0.649	0.811	0.505

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	271.
default	[-]	270.	270.	271.	275.	274.		-0.917	2.45	0.0451		0.883	0.904	0.997	0.977	0.933
handtune0011	[-]	270.	270.	271.	275.	274.		-0.870	2.42	0.0441		0.885	0.904	0.997	0.978	0.934

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	280.
default	[-]	281.	281.	280.	287.	288.		0.126	3.08	0.0868		0.789	0.879	0.991	0.998	0.907
handtune0011	[-]	281.	281.	280.	287.	288.		0.189	3.08	0.0736		0.790	0.880	0.992	0.998	0.908

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	297.
default	[-]	296.	296.	297.	300.	299.		0.106	3.37	1.25		0.623	0.614	0.811	0.982	0.729
handtune0011	[-]	296.	296.	297.	300.	299.		0.354	3.36	1.23		0.625	0.618	0.813	0.984	0.731

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	264.
default	[-]	266.	265.	264.	270.	265.		-0.464	2.97	0.0270		0.877	0.877	0.998	0.996	0.925
handtune0011	[-]	266.	265.	264.	270.	265.		-0.452	2.95	0.0283		0.878	0.878	0.998	0.997	0.926

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	295.
default	[-]	295.	295.	295.	288.	294.		-0.237	2.55	0.659		0.717	0.798	0.900	0.994	0.841
handtune0011	[-]	295.	295.	295.	288.	294.		-0.240	2.55	0.658		0.717	0.797	0.901	0.994	0.841

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	282.
default	[-]	281.	281.	282.	284.	283.		-0.498	2.30	0.271		0.798	0.821	0.976	0.996	0.883
handtune0011	[-]	281.	281.	282.	284.	283.		-0.471	2.28	0.280		0.799	0.823	0.975	0.996	0.883

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	287.
default	[-]	286.	286.	287.	289.	290.		0.230	2.86	0.828		0.682	0.739	0.877	0.999	0.807
handtune0011	[-]	286.	286.	287.	289.	290.		0.282	2.86	0.815		0.680	0.741	0.879	0.999	0.808

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	296.
default	[-]	295.	296.	296.	297.	295.		0.102	2.66	0.634		0.757	0.812	0.933	0.999	0.863
handtune0011	[-]	295.	296.	296.	297.	294.		0.107	2.66	0.633		0.757	0.812	0.933	0.999	0.863

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	265.
default	[-]	265.	265.	265.	266.	268.		-0.0990	2.91	0.0825		0.862	0.865	0.993	0.999	0.917
handtune0011	[-]	265.	265.	265.	266.	268.		-0.104	2.91	0.0741		0.862	0.864	0.994	0.999	0.917

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	296.
default	[-]	298.	298.	296.	299.	299.		1.58	5.61	3.01		0.465	0.391	0.502	0.982	0.546
handtune0011	[-]	298.	298.	296.	299.	299.		1.62	5.64	2.99		0.461	0.391	0.507	0.984	0.547

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	286.
default	[-]	285.	285.	286.	291.	289.		-0.205	2.23	0.288		0.824	0.880	0.960	0.994	0.907
handtune0011	[-]	285.	284.	286.	291.	289.		-0.232	2.22	0.269		0.825	0.881	0.961	0.995	0.909

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	274.
default	[-]	275.	275.	274.	278.	279.		-0.268	2.49	0.0678		0.847	0.875	0.995	0.901	0.898
handtune0011	[-]	275.	275.	274.	278.	279.		-0.243	2.49	0.0701		0.848	0.874	0.995	0.901	0.898

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	284.
default	[-]	282.	282.	284.	285.	289.		1.45	5.18	1.32		0.728	0.710	0.785	0.943	0.775
handtune0011	[-]	282.	282.	284.	286.	289.		1.46	5.19	1.32		0.727	0.708	0.785	0.943	0.774

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	299.
default	[-]	300.	300.	299.	300.	300.		0.616	1.48	1.98		0.480	0.500	0.677	0.329	0.497
handtune0011	[-]	300.	300.	299.	300.	300.		0.806	1.53	2.02		0.455	0.517	0.671	0.347	0.501

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	296.
default	[-]	296.	296.	296.	296.	297.		0.303	2.24	1.31		0.555	0.658	0.808	1.00	0.736
handtune0011	[-]	296.	296.	296.	296.	297.		0.331	2.23	1.31		0.554	0.660	0.807	1.00	0.736

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	284.
default	[-]	282.	281.	284.	287.	284.		4.33	6.56	1.55		0.428	0.607	0.747	0.871	0.652
handtune0011	[-]	282.	281.	284.	287.	284.		4.36	6.57	1.57		0.428	0.606	0.745	0.872	0.651

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

CRU time series (TS) high-resolution gridded datasets

  Version:

4.02

  Institutions:

Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

  Source:

monthly observations at meteorological stations across the world land areas

  History:

2019-05-06: downloaded source from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.02/

2019-05-07: converted to netCDF with https://github.com/mmu2019/Datasets/blob/master/read-tas-cru.py

  References:

Harris, I., P.D. Jones, T.J. Osborn and D.H. Lister (2014), Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10 Dataset, International Journal of Climatology, 34(3), 623-642, doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  Comments:

time_period: 1980-01 through 2017-12

original_temporal_resolution: monthly

original_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

original_units: C

final_temporal_resolution: monthly

final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

final_units: K

  Convention:

CF-1.7