Australia Boreal Asia Boreal North America Central America Central Asia Equatorial Asia Europe Globe Middle East Northern Hemisphere Africa Northern Hemisphere South America Southeast Asia Southern Hemisphere Africa Southern Hemisphere South America Temperate North America

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.641
CLM4	[-]	0.0907	0.0779	0.0121	-0.640	0.00444		0.258	0.569	1.28		-0.070	0.30	0.81	0.036	0.28
CLM4.5	[-]	0.136	0.122	0.0128	-0.640	0.00444		0.273	0.648	1.38		-0.083	0.11	0.74	0.042	0.18
CLM5	[-]	0.178	0.162	0.0160	-0.640	0.00444		0.290	0.618	1.91		-0.11	0.12	0.59	0.085	0.16

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.642
CLM4	[-]	0.232	0.232	0.000689	0.670	0.000255		-0.103	0.617	0.593		0.79	0.47	0.98	0.27	0.60
CLM4.5	[-]	0.237	0.236	0.000999	0.670	0.000255		-0.102	0.662	0.332		0.80	0.53	0.98	0.29	0.63
CLM5	[-]	0.517	0.515	0.00130	0.670	0.000255		-0.0364	0.932	0.375		0.86	0.44	0.98	0.63	0.67

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.0630
CLM4	[-]	0.114	0.114	0.000843	-0.0644	0.00354		0.0469	0.513	1.04		-1.9	-0.038	0.032	0.11	-0.37
CLM4.5	[-]	0.157	0.157	0.00115	-0.0644	0.00354		0.0586	0.603	0.763		-2.0	-0.20	0.29	0.18	-0.38
CLM5	[-]	0.313	0.311	0.00139	-0.0644	0.00354		0.101	0.818	0.704		-1.9	0.0073	0.42	0.57	-0.19

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.619
CLM4	[-]	0.0597	0.0525	0.00642	0.601	0.00196		-0.547	1.06	2.86		0.16	0.17	0.51	0.044	0.21
CLM4.5	[-]	0.108	0.0972	0.00953	0.601	0.00196		-0.495	1.10	2.91		0.18	0.14	0.44	0.094	0.20
CLM5	[-]	0.204	0.188	0.0150	0.601	0.00196		-0.394	0.803	2.00		0.24	0.28	0.71	0.20	0.34

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.639
CLM4	[-]	0.305	0.295	0.00968	0.629	-0.000667		-0.0417	0.587	1.54		1.2	0.53	1.2	0.095	0.71
CLM4.5	[-]	0.444	0.432	0.0115	0.629	-0.000667		-0.0237	0.551	1.49		1.3	0.64	1.1	0.13	0.76
CLM5	[-]	0.999	0.979	0.0193	0.629	-0.000667		0.0490	0.655	1.78		1.5	0.77	1.3	0.38	0.94

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.11
CLM4	[-]	0.172	0.144	0.0245	1.07	0.0417		-0.830	1.20	2.54		0.034	0.14	0.61	0.28	0.24
CLM4.5	[-]	0.287	0.244	0.0384	1.07	0.0417		-0.712	1.03	2.40		0.048	0.18	0.64	0.24	0.26
CLM5	[-]	0.308	0.259	0.0429	1.07	0.0417		-0.692	0.895	2.22		0.054	0.18	0.68	0.21	0.26

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.13
CLM4	[-]	0.137	0.130	0.00591	1.12	0.00782		-0.424	0.989	0.478		0.62	0.46	0.97	0.081	0.52
CLM4.5	[-]	0.223	0.212	0.00805	1.12	0.00782		-0.385	0.961	0.371		0.64	0.51	0.97	0.11	0.55
CLM5	[-]	0.636	0.613	0.0188	1.12	0.00782		-0.197	1.16	0.295		0.77	0.45	0.98	0.55	0.64

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	17.1
CLM4	[-]	3.58	3.47	0.110	17.0	0.111		-0.290	0.864	1.60		0.29	0.21	0.66	0.090	0.29
CLM4.5	[-]	4.27	4.13	0.139	17.0	0.111		-0.274	0.838	1.61		0.30	0.27	0.61	0.094	0.31
CLM5	[-]	7.35	7.15	0.201	17.0	0.111		-0.206	0.854	1.69		0.35	0.33	0.72	0.19	0.39

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.224
CLM4	[-]	0.0324	0.0295	0.00259	-0.223	-0.000508		0.109	0.304	1.51		-0.062	0.35	0.75	0.025	0.28
CLM4.5	[-]	0.0460	0.0422	0.00335	-0.223	-0.000508		0.115	0.323	1.18		-0.078	0.22	0.85	0.045	0.25
CLM5	[-]	0.127	0.117	0.00902	-0.223	-0.000508		0.149	0.484	2.28		-0.15	-0.0061	0.62	0.15	0.12

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.927
CLM4	[-]	0.300	0.284	0.00326	0.926	0.000344		-0.164	0.975	1.53		0.22	-0.12	0.58	0.068	0.13
CLM4.5	[-]	0.382	0.361	0.00540	0.926	0.000344		-0.144	0.836	2.01		0.24	0.18	0.30	0.048	0.19
CLM5	[-]	0.585	0.562	0.00544	0.926	0.000344		-0.0940	0.799	2.50		0.32	0.26	0.39	0.11	0.27

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.28
CLM4	[-]	0.239	0.221	0.00276	1.28	0.00237		-0.962	1.38	3.19		0.036	0.11	0.43	0.37	0.21
CLM4.5	[-]	0.244	0.221	0.00372	1.28	0.00237		-0.959	1.39	2.87		0.037	0.11	0.50	0.21	0.19
CLM5	[-]	0.240	0.219	0.00425	1.28	0.00237		-0.961	1.15	3.30		0.038	0.15	0.41	0.11	0.17

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.73
CLM4	[-]	0.473	0.458	0.0154	1.69	0.0111		-0.415	1.29	1.99		0.25	0.11	0.62	0.20	0.26
CLM4.5	[-]	0.439	0.426	0.0135	1.69	0.0111		-0.427	1.14	2.30		0.25	0.19	0.56	0.21	0.28
CLM5	[-]	0.747	0.725	0.0227	1.69	0.0111		-0.320	1.01	2.90		0.31	0.29	0.62	0.18	0.34

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.02
CLM4	[-]	0.323	0.331	0.00445	3.01	0.00445		-0.769	1.20	2.66		0.11	0.17	0.39	0.036	0.18
CLM4.5	[-]	0.353	0.361	0.00558	3.01	0.00445		-0.760	1.17	2.88		0.11	0.20	0.32	0.032	0.17
CLM5	[-]	0.728	0.734	0.0107	3.01	0.00445		-0.652	1.02	2.44		0.15	0.27	0.51	0.11	0.26

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	5.06
CLM4	[-]	0.739	0.747	0.00590	5.05	0.00455		-0.788	1.24	2.14		0.14	0.18	0.66	0.17	0.27
CLM4.5	[-]	0.836	0.847	0.00747	5.05	0.00455		-0.769	1.16	2.36		0.15	0.22	0.62	0.14	0.27
CLM5	[-]	1.09	1.09	0.0106	5.05	0.00455		-0.724	1.02	1.73		0.17	0.29	0.75	0.17	0.34

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.44
CLM4	[-]	0.343	0.337	0.00468	1.46	0.00145		-0.338	0.986	0.789		0.61	0.41	0.97	0.13	0.51
CLM4.5	[-]	0.357	0.352	0.00361	1.46	0.00145		-0.334	0.914	0.791		0.61	0.48	0.97	0.12	0.53
CLM5	[-]	0.691	0.685	0.00478	1.46	0.00145		-0.233	0.918	0.858		0.66	0.52	0.99	0.30	0.60

Australia Boreal Asia Boreal North America Central America Central Asia Equatorial Asia Europe Globe Middle East Northern Hemisphere Africa Northern Hemisphere South America Southeast Asia Southern Hemisphere Africa Southern Hemisphere South America Temperate North America Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  _NCProperties: version=1|netcdflibversion=4.4.1|hdf5libversion=1.8.17

  creation_date: Thu Jul 30 15:10:46 PDT 2015

  Conventions: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  source_file: This product is generated from monthly Global Biosphere Amtospher Flux (GBAF) observations

  title: derived GBAF in 0.5x0.5

  Approach: I read this variable from data file, and then save the data in NetCDF format by each month and each year. Meanwhile, I also converted the unit from gC/m2/day to KgC/m2/day.

  Temporal resolution: monthly

  General information: This product was derived from Monthly estimates of global biosphere-atmosphere fluxes from Biogeochemistry group at Max Planck Institute in Jena, Germany.

  Spatial resolution: 0.5x0.5 degree

  Derived data code: http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-nee-GBAF.ncl