Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.8
CLM4	[-]	12.5	12.6	7.83	10.9	8.01		1.49	1.99	0.750		0.313	0.457	0.891	0.985	0.549	0.609
CLM4.5	[-]	12.4	12.4	7.90	10.9	8.01		1.34	1.81	0.717		0.364	0.490	0.898	0.995	0.522	0.627
CLM5	[-]	12.0	12.0	7.44	10.9	8.01		0.911	1.41	0.537		0.424	0.556	0.925	0.974	0.497	0.656

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.8
CLM4	[-]	15.3	15.3	9.56	13.8	11.0		1.48	1.99	0.683		0.596	0.652	0.928	0.994	0.821	0.774
CLM4.5	[-]	14.9	14.9	9.40	13.8	11.0		1.06	1.59	0.685		0.690	0.696	0.929	0.960	0.794	0.794
CLM5	[-]	14.6	14.7	9.22	13.8	11.0		0.822	1.26	0.504		0.734	0.749	0.948	0.986	0.765	0.822

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.8
CLM4	[-]	14.4	14.5	7.06	12.8	9.07		1.29	1.86	0.412		0.445	0.605	0.951	0.981	0.738	0.721
CLM4.5	[-]	14.0	14.1	7.17	12.8	9.07		0.915	1.48	0.451		0.535	0.646	0.946	0.983	0.702	0.743
CLM5	[-]	13.9	14.0	6.81	12.8	9.07		0.800	1.35	0.410		0.549	0.696	0.951	0.981	0.687	0.760

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.39
CLM4	[-]	10.3	10.4	6.74	9.41	7.83		0.657	1.61	1.88		0.629	0.510	0.682	0.988	0.876	0.699
CLM4.5	[-]	10.2	10.3	6.74	9.41	7.83		0.614	1.60	1.67		0.637	0.513	0.718	0.985	0.882	0.708
CLM5	[-]	9.81	9.91	6.10	9.41	7.83		0.203	1.28	1.96		0.752	0.558	0.663	0.977	0.841	0.725

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.53
CLM4	[-]	10.4	10.7	7.44	9.60	8.86		0.408	1.90	1.02		0.180	0.415	0.866	0.982	0.714	0.595
CLM4.5	[-]	10.7	11.0	7.55	9.60	8.86		0.660	1.99	1.04		0.164	0.414	0.858	0.978	0.705	0.589
CLM5	[-]	10.2	10.4	7.01	9.60	8.86		0.116	1.72	0.900		0.224	0.492	0.876	0.963	0.763	0.635

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.7
CLM4	[-]	12.6	12.7	6.55	10.7	8.60		1.96	2.31	1.06		0.403	0.583	0.836	0.998	0.897	0.717
CLM4.5	[-]	12.1	12.2	6.74	10.7	8.60		1.46	1.94	0.880		0.512	0.586	0.878	0.966	0.913	0.740
CLM5	[-]	11.2	11.2	6.00	10.7	8.60		0.480	1.14	1.16		0.756	0.641	0.821	0.989	0.944	0.799

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.7
CLM4	[-]	13.1	13.2	7.53	11.8	9.57		1.21	1.73	0.799		0.550	0.589	0.885	0.997	0.849	0.743
CLM4.5	[-]	12.8	12.9	7.40	11.8	9.57		0.901	1.54	0.817		0.613	0.587	0.883	0.987	0.858	0.752
CLM5	[-]	12.2	12.3	6.69	11.8	9.57		0.292	1.08	0.681		0.737	0.639	0.905	0.999	0.916	0.806

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.1
CLM4	[-]	13.1	13.3	7.28	11.2	8.50		1.59	2.22	0.610		0.482	0.633	0.922	0.956	0.787	0.735
CLM4.5	[-]	12.7	12.8	7.38	11.2	8.50		1.18	1.79	0.508		0.561	0.672	0.938	0.979	0.835	0.776
CLM5	[-]	12.1	12.2	6.83	11.2	8.50		0.602	1.27	0.497		0.661	0.733	0.940	0.973	0.835	0.813

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.50
CLM4	[-]	9.26	9.35	6.29	8.51	7.45		0.703	1.51	0.910		0.645	0.545	0.861	0.962	0.868	0.738
CLM4.5	[-]	9.14	9.23	6.32	8.51	7.45		0.584	1.53	0.913		0.679	0.519	0.857	0.957	0.871	0.734
CLM5	[-]	8.59	8.67	5.72	8.51	7.45		0.0319	1.11	0.752		0.816	0.592	0.882	0.969	0.807	0.776

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.7
CLM4	[-]	15.1	15.2	7.62	13.8	10.4		0.967	1.57	0.389		0.515	0.669	0.963	0.939	0.878	0.772
CLM4.5	[-]	15.0	15.1	7.87	13.8	10.4		0.883	1.46	0.362		0.545	0.682	0.965	0.951	0.894	0.786
CLM5	[-]	14.7	14.8	7.39	13.8	10.4		0.595	1.25	0.385		0.603	0.706	0.964	0.932	0.913	0.804

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.57
CLM4	[-]	10.2	10.3	7.24	8.60	7.69		1.28	1.88	0.726		0.486	0.638	0.908	0.895	0.785	0.725
CLM4.5	[-]	10.3	10.4	7.53	8.60	7.69		1.37	1.94	0.831		0.473	0.621	0.895	0.937	0.777	0.721
CLM5	[-]	9.40	9.50	6.61	8.60	7.69		0.520	1.31	0.649		0.639	0.666	0.915	0.943	0.872	0.784

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.6
CLM4	[-]	12.6	13.2	7.02	11.8	7.98		1.15	1.85	0.779		0.478	0.580	0.891	0.993	0.788	0.718
CLM4.5	[-]	12.5	13.0	8.63	11.8	7.98		0.942	1.65	0.731		0.532	0.593	0.900	0.996	0.790	0.734
CLM5	[-]	12.0	12.6	7.84	11.8	7.98		0.472	1.27	0.655		0.629	0.646	0.910	0.994	0.799	0.771

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	14.0
CLM4	[-]	15.8	15.9	9.03	14.0	11.1		1.60	2.06	0.723		0.347	0.550	0.902	0.963	0.771	0.680
CLM4.5	[-]	15.6	15.6	8.89	14.0	11.1		1.33	1.82	0.650		0.398	0.575	0.912	0.971	0.759	0.698
CLM5	[-]	15.3	15.4	8.58	14.0	11.1		1.09	1.58	0.572		0.442	0.617	0.925	0.970	0.733	0.717

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.40
CLM4	[-]	9.41	9.50	6.50	8.41	7.44		0.795	1.61	1.33		0.568	0.495	0.784	0.943	0.902	0.698
CLM4.5	[-]	9.21	9.30	6.53	8.41	7.44		0.613	1.43	0.828		0.635	0.513	0.872	0.953	0.912	0.733
CLM5	[-]	8.58	8.67	5.85	8.41	7.44		-0.0175	1.07	0.851		0.794	0.573	0.867	0.971	0.906	0.781

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.3
CLM4	[-]	14.3	14.6	9.13	13.4	10.3		0.233	1.67	0.497		0.541	0.598	0.945	0.964	0.804	0.742
CLM4.5	[-]	14.2	14.5	9.34	13.4	10.3		0.211	1.60	0.545		0.552	0.598	0.938	0.981	0.814	0.747
CLM5	[-]	14.0	14.3	8.96	13.4	10.3		-0.00928	1.53	0.501		0.575	0.620	0.942	0.974	0.803	0.755

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.2
CLM4	[-]	13.2	13.2	9.96	12.2	9.97		0.880	1.39	1.12		0.554	0.627	0.824	0.901	0.885	0.736
CLM4.5	[-]	12.8	12.8	10.0	12.2	9.97		0.498	1.23	1.21		0.637	0.614	0.807	0.900	0.899	0.745
CLM5	[-]	12.2	12.2	9.22	12.2	9.97		-0.0749	0.948	0.838		0.752	0.656	0.871	0.911	0.943	0.798

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.0
CLM4	[-]	12.8	12.8	7.76	11.1	7.54		1.55	2.05	0.970		0.480	0.618	0.857	0.938	0.896	0.735
CLM4.5	[-]	12.4	12.4	7.84	11.1	7.54		1.18	1.79	0.853		0.537	0.622	0.876	0.976	0.917	0.758
CLM5	[-]	11.4	11.4	7.11	11.1	7.54		0.174	1.05	0.737		0.762	0.676	0.895	0.997	0.945	0.825

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	15.3
CLM4	[-]	15.7	15.7	10.0	15.3	11.3		0.289	1.29	0.500		0.740	0.674	0.938	0.995	0.897	0.820
CLM4.5	[-]	15.4	15.4	10.6	15.3	11.3		-0.0196	1.30	0.509		0.749	0.654	0.936	0.992	0.899	0.814
CLM5	[-]	15.1	15.1	9.64	15.3	11.3		-0.320	1.20	0.455		0.769	0.663	0.946	0.999	0.931	0.828

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.2
CLM4	[-]	11.5	11.5	7.44	10.2	9.50		1.18	1.55	0.525		0.385	0.552	0.937	0.989	0.516	0.655
CLM4.5	[-]	11.6	11.7	7.70	10.2	9.50		1.31	1.62	0.532		0.368	0.572	0.940	0.992	0.510	0.659
CLM5	[-]	11.1	11.1	7.07	10.2	9.50		0.792	1.12	0.433		0.493	0.656	0.948	0.991	0.463	0.701

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.7
CLM4	[-]	12.9	13.0	7.46	11.7	9.16		1.19	1.58	0.497		0.450	0.573	0.939	0.980	0.605	0.687
CLM4.5	[-]	12.7	12.8	7.74	11.7	9.16		0.962	1.32	0.428		0.517	0.609	0.947	0.993	0.627	0.717
CLM5	[-]	12.4	12.5	7.16	11.7	9.16		0.663	1.02	0.367		0.600	0.687	0.955	0.985	0.632	0.758

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.5
CLM4	[-]	14.2	14.2	9.04	12.6	7.59		0.981	1.82	0.918		0.496	0.582	0.885	0.975	0.768	0.715
CLM4.5	[-]	13.8	13.8	8.94	12.6	7.59		0.611	1.59	0.929		0.564	0.583	0.877	0.985	0.761	0.725
CLM5	[-]	13.7	13.7	8.63	12.6	7.59		0.457	1.44	0.845		0.595	0.615	0.897	0.976	0.743	0.740

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Interannual variability Interannual variability score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Fri Feb 8 13:55:45 PST 2019

  contact: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Forrest Hoffman (forrest@climatemodeling.org) for any question

  history: 2018-01-15: download from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.01/cruts.1709081022.v4.01/ 2019-02-06: converted and created to netCDF4 for ILAMB package

  original_resolution: 0.5x0.5

  resolution: 0.5x0.5

  original_frequency: mon

  frequency: mon

  references: Harris et al., 2014, Int. J. Climatol., doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  institution: Original Data held at British Atmospheric Data Centre, RAL, UK.

  source: Run ID = 1709081022. Data generated from:dtr.1708250000.dtb

  title: CRU TS4.01 Diurnal Temperature Range

  Conventions: CF-1.7