Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	44.1
CLM4.5SP	[-]	45.3	44.8	51.3	44.2	12.4		1.00	15.9	1.43		0.475	0.220	0.768	0.956	0.528
CLM4SP	[-]	40.4	39.9	49.0	44.2	12.4		-3.84	21.6	1.33		0.287	0.180	0.794	0.750	0.438
CLM5SP	[-]	43.5	43.0	49.6	44.2	12.4		-0.924	16.0	1.50		0.390	0.268	0.756	0.887	0.514

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	57.5
CLM4.5SP	[-]	49.4	49.5	67.0	57.5	20.8		-8.00	19.7	0.574		0.430	0.438	0.955	0.884	0.629
CLM4SP	[-]	51.3	51.5	69.2	57.5	20.8		-6.03	18.6	0.473		0.482	0.443	0.965	0.932	0.653
CLM5SP	[-]	49.9	50.0	65.5	57.5	20.8		-7.52	20.5	0.609		0.431	0.431	0.955	0.923	0.634

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	52.8
CLM4.5SP	[-]	55.6	55.5	59.9	53.0	19.6		2.81	19.2	0.490		0.621	0.410	0.956	0.974	0.674
CLM4SP	[-]	56.5	56.3	63.6	53.0	19.6		3.68	19.8	0.460		0.587	0.412	0.958	0.940	0.662
CLM5SP	[-]	55.1	54.9	61.8	53.0	19.6		2.23	18.9	0.441		0.547	0.475	0.959	0.929	0.677

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	18.0
CLM4.5SP	[-]	15.3	15.7	8.86	18.1	5.64		-2.79	19.1	0.436		0.814	0.499	0.971	0.971	0.751
CLM4SP	[-]	17.1	17.6	8.46	18.1	5.64		-1.00	19.3	0.398		0.778	0.506	0.973	0.888	0.730
CLM5SP	[-]	14.5	14.9	6.76	18.1	5.64		-3.68	20.8	0.596		0.785	0.475	0.955	0.938	0.726

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	22.1
CLM4.5SP	[-]	29.0	27.4	36.8	22.8	10.8		7.28	16.1	1.29		0.300	0.181	0.812	0.831	0.461
CLM4SP	[-]	13.2	10.9	24.4	22.8	10.8		-8.24	20.7	1.51		0.126	0.156	0.768	0.574	0.356
CLM5SP	[-]	26.9	25.6	32.5	22.8	10.8		5.08	15.0	1.34		0.273	0.233	0.802	0.797	0.468

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	27.0
CLM4.5SP	[-]	24.8	24.9	25.4	27.1	8.81		-2.06	12.8	0.698		0.825	0.644	0.941	0.942	0.799
CLM4SP	[-]	31.7	32.0	26.4	27.1	8.81		4.97	12.8	0.360		0.783	0.673	0.973	0.894	0.799
CLM5SP	[-]	22.9	22.9	27.6	27.1	8.81		-4.02	15.1	0.642		0.775	0.604	0.933	0.882	0.760

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	28.4
CLM4.5SP	[-]	33.7	33.4	39.4	28.4	24.4		4.96	18.6	0.817		0.667	0.518	0.908	0.931	0.708
CLM4SP	[-]	35.9	35.7	39.7	28.4	24.4		7.37	18.3	0.708		0.663	0.534	0.932	0.941	0.721
CLM5SP	[-]	36.4	36.2	40.6	28.4	24.4		7.78	18.9	0.650		0.662	0.536	0.938	0.940	0.722

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	40.3
CLM4.5SP	[-]	39.8	39.5	43.6	40.6	11.0		-1.08	19.0	0.452		0.559	0.484	0.968	0.789	0.657
CLM4SP	[-]	39.2	38.9	43.3	40.6	11.0		-1.81	18.5	0.459		0.576	0.488	0.966	0.880	0.680
CLM5SP	[-]	37.8	37.4	41.2	40.6	11.0		-3.37	19.3	0.488		0.515	0.505	0.961	0.936	0.684

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	15.2
CLM4.5SP	[-]	7.64	8.06	0.890	15.2	3.78		-7.37	20.2	0.796		0.734	0.494	0.942	0.946	0.722
CLM4SP	[-]	9.45	9.95	1.67	15.2	3.78		-5.47	18.7	0.602		0.786	0.526	0.959	0.929	0.745
CLM5SP	[-]	3.51	3.92	-2.55	15.2	3.78		-11.4	24.3	1.14		0.630	0.452	0.899	0.800	0.647

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	56.5
CLM4.5SP	[-]	59.8	60.2	53.5	56.9	15.0		3.00	17.0	0.570		0.718	0.569	0.960	0.829	0.729
CLM4SP	[-]	64.9	65.4	55.6	56.9	15.0		8.06	18.4	0.564		0.701	0.551	0.961	0.933	0.739
CLM5SP	[-]	61.4	61.8	53.7	56.9	15.0		4.50	14.8	0.427		0.724	0.646	0.970	0.884	0.774

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	20.2
CLM4.5SP	[-]	21.3	20.9	29.4	20.4	7.08		1.42	15.6	0.777		0.737	0.602	0.919	0.831	0.738
CLM4SP	[-]	25.5	25.1	33.3	20.4	7.08		5.54	16.3	0.784		0.739	0.606	0.928	0.833	0.743
CLM5SP	[-]	20.3	19.9	30.3	20.4	7.08		0.611	15.7	0.772		0.711	0.616	0.921	0.799	0.733

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	34.3
CLM4.5SP	[-]	31.3	36.6	9.62	34.6	11.5		2.03	19.1	0.756		0.614	0.470	0.930	0.937	0.684
CLM4SP	[-]	32.4	38.0	9.55	34.6	11.5		3.40	19.8	0.698		0.585	0.473	0.936	0.926	0.679
CLM5SP	[-]	31.1	36.9	6.93	34.6	11.5		2.33	19.5	0.795		0.586	0.495	0.925	0.916	0.683

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	22.7
CLM4.5SP	[-]	45.3	47.1	43.5	22.8	18.3		25.1	36.3	1.09		0.498	0.505	0.949	0.779	0.647
CLM4SP	[-]	47.0	48.5	45.4	22.8	18.3		26.7	37.8	1.06		0.492	0.500	0.953	0.781	0.645
CLM5SP	[-]	46.1	49.3	43.1	22.8	18.3		27.3	36.5	1.21		0.513	0.514	0.939	0.787	0.653

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	17.0
CLM4.5SP	[-]	10.1	10.6	2.00	17.0	4.51		-6.84	19.8	0.691		0.727	0.519	0.953	0.917	0.727
CLM4SP	[-]	14.1	14.9	1.26	17.0	4.51		-2.91	18.5	0.534		0.774	0.555	0.967	0.781	0.726
CLM5SP	[-]	9.28	9.85	0.800	17.0	4.51		-7.62	22.5	1.05		0.707	0.473	0.896	0.883	0.686

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	47.7
CLM4.5SP	[-]	49.8	49.2	57.2	48.2	15.9		1.19	23.5	0.513		0.510	0.473	0.950	0.900	0.661
CLM4SP	[-]	49.4	48.8	56.7	48.2	15.9		0.622	23.8	0.556		0.522	0.460	0.945	0.949	0.667
CLM5SP	[-]	50.4	50.0	55.4	48.2	15.9		1.58	22.4	0.487		0.514	0.518	0.955	0.947	0.690

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	28.6
CLM4.5SP	[-]	26.4	26.3	28.8	28.7	12.1		-2.27	13.9	0.664		0.734	0.461	0.935	0.901	0.698
CLM4SP	[-]	31.5	31.5	31.3	28.7	12.1		3.00	12.9	0.563		0.725	0.521	0.945	0.977	0.738
CLM5SP	[-]	31.6	31.4	34.3	28.7	12.1		2.90	15.0	0.815		0.701	0.459	0.899	0.977	0.699

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	26.7
CLM4.5SP	[-]	24.7	24.7	21.8	26.9	8.98		-2.31	15.5	0.597		0.796	0.599	0.952	0.929	0.775
CLM4SP	[-]	34.5	34.7	24.6	26.9	8.98		7.52	15.7	0.398		0.720	0.653	0.970	0.912	0.781
CLM5SP	[-]	26.2	26.1	25.0	26.9	8.98		-0.725	16.8	0.591		0.800	0.568	0.951	0.940	0.765

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	49.7
CLM4.5SP	[-]	42.7	42.4	69.0	49.8	11.0		-7.34	18.9	0.569		0.665	0.645	0.944	0.925	0.765
CLM4SP	[-]	44.9	44.5	71.6	49.8	11.0		-5.21	17.4	0.597		0.690	0.665	0.942	0.922	0.777
CLM5SP	[-]	48.2	47.9	69.8	49.8	11.0		-1.90	16.4	0.768		0.740	0.662	0.926	0.894	0.777

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	30.2
CLM4.5SP	[-]	30.6	30.5	49.0	30.3	13.0		0.850	14.8	1.21		0.446	0.214	0.848	0.680	0.481
CLM4SP	[-]	19.9	19.7	43.1	30.3	13.0		-9.77	21.1	1.39		0.222	0.172	0.820	0.434	0.364
CLM5SP	[-]	26.0	25.9	42.2	30.3	13.0		-3.69	14.2	1.58		0.359	0.268	0.776	0.591	0.452

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	40.3
CLM4.5SP	[-]	43.1	43.3	40.3	40.4	9.36		2.87	15.9	0.703		0.633	0.373	0.935	0.889	0.641
CLM4SP	[-]	44.4	44.7	39.7	40.4	9.36		4.29	16.4	0.703		0.599	0.377	0.937	0.821	0.622
CLM5SP	[-]	43.9	44.2	40.9	40.4	9.36		3.72	16.5	0.707		0.546	0.409	0.929	0.746	0.608

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	41.5
CLM4.5SP	[-]	61.0	60.3	69.6	42.0	6.56		17.3	33.7	0.625		0.513	0.497	0.950	0.857	0.663
CLM4SP	[-]	62.1	61.3	71.2	42.0	6.56		17.8	34.9	0.665		0.508	0.485	0.942	0.823	0.649
CLM5SP	[-]	65.9	65.1	72.3	42.0	6.56		21.7	34.2	0.485		0.490	0.538	0.959	0.848	0.675

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Tue Jul 28 15:54:11 PDT 2015

  Conventions: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  source_file: This product is generated from monthly Global Biosphere Amtospher Flux (GBAF) observations

  title: derived GBAF in 0.5x0.5

  Approach: I read this variable from data file, and then save the data in NetCDF format by each month and each year. Meanwhile, I also converted the unit from MJoule*m-2*d-1 to Watt/m2.

  Temporal resolution: monthly

  General information: This product was derived from Monthly estimates of global biosphere-atmosphere fluxes from Biogeochemistry group at Max Planck Institute in Jena, Germany.

  Spatial resolution: 0.5x0.5 degree

  Derived data code: http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-sh-GBAF.ncl