Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.03
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	6.90	6.97	0.203	6.02	0.00530		0.742	1.62	1.88		0.240	0.234	0.652	0.901	0.452
GSWP3v1	[-]	6.67	6.68	0.214	6.02	0.00530		0.551	1.30	2.09		0.371	0.257	0.610	0.949	0.489
WATCH	[-]	6.56	6.67	0.178	6.00	0.00528		0.543	1.25	2.09		0.303	0.294	0.653	0.983	0.505

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.84
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	4.89	4.64	0.0194	4.83	0.00451		-0.0606	1.37	1.07		0.561	0.356	0.847	0.954	0.615
GSWP3v1	[-]	5.02	4.77	0.0253	4.83	0.00451		-0.00221	1.35	1.17		0.553	0.375	0.800	0.950	0.611
WATCH	[-]	5.22	4.92	0.0277	4.79	0.00451		0.0737	1.50	1.90		0.520	0.332	0.621	0.948	0.551

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	7.67
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	8.24	7.78	0.374	7.65	0.0194		0.187	1.59	1.06		0.388	0.301	0.872	0.731	0.519
GSWP3v1	[-]	6.46	6.06	0.338	7.65	0.0194		-0.337	1.56	1.32		0.356	0.336	0.823	0.856	0.541
WATCH	[-]	7.45	7.01	0.361	7.65	0.0195		-0.0499	1.50	1.53		0.349	0.359	0.789	0.798	0.531

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.268
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	1.59	1.54	0.0528	0.266	0.00214		1.19	2.20	0.562		0.554	0.425	0.952	0.386	0.549
GSWP3v1	[-]	1.54	1.50	0.0503	0.266	0.00214		1.14	1.91	0.446		0.569	0.470	0.962	0.479	0.590
WATCH	[-]	1.64	1.59	0.0539	0.247	0.00210		1.26	1.92	0.255		0.675	0.528	0.974	0.478	0.637

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	5.87
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	6.75	5.66	1.05	5.72	0.154		1.78	2.16	2.35		0.239	0.242	0.626	0.389	0.347
GSWP3v1	[-]	5.91	4.93	0.936	5.72	0.154		0.871	1.97	2.33		0.162	0.266	0.633	0.373	0.340
WATCH	[-]	5.59	4.64	0.910	5.70	0.154		0.564	1.97	2.69		0.151	0.252	0.563	0.492	0.342

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.81
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	8.80	8.50	0.0917	4.80	0.00239		1.17	1.83	0.465		0.581	0.539	0.967	0.835	0.692
GSWP3v1	[-]	6.98	6.73	0.0799	4.80	0.00239		0.619	1.37	0.361		0.688	0.629	0.975	0.828	0.750
WATCH	[-]	6.67	6.42	0.0681	4.77	0.00237		0.529	1.14	0.0507		0.753	0.673	0.997	0.822	0.784

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.54
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	10.1	9.90	0.352	8.50	0.0389		0.311	0.922	0.892		0.658	0.523	0.918	0.932	0.711
GSWP3v1	[-]	9.61	9.44	0.303	8.50	0.0389		0.225	0.876	0.880		0.658	0.558	0.914	0.955	0.729
WATCH	[-]	9.91	9.76	0.280	8.43	0.0382		0.279	1.01	0.946		0.609	0.542	0.910	0.937	0.708

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.81
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	6.85	6.24	0.492	6.77	0.0385		0.230	1.41	1.68		0.391	0.347	0.739	0.881	0.541
GSWP3v1	[-]	6.61	6.00	0.460	6.77	0.0385		0.0965	1.35	2.16		0.401	0.365	0.635	0.915	0.536
WATCH	[-]	6.52	5.96	0.445	6.75	0.0385		0.0816	1.30	2.61		0.445	0.358	0.529	0.947	0.528

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.433
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	2.27	2.30	0.0386	0.432	0.000674		1.53	2.52	0.413		0.508	0.385	0.985	0.493	0.551
GSWP3v1	[-]	1.95	1.97	0.0325	0.432	0.000674		1.27	1.92	0.258		0.574	0.503	0.987	0.641	0.642
WATCH	[-]	1.36	1.38	0.0256	0.417	0.000648		0.797	1.49	0.277		0.819	0.579	0.987	0.591	0.711

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.22
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	4.86	4.32	0.498	3.19	0.0315		0.634	1.18	1.34		0.355	0.201	0.848	0.587	0.438
GSWP3v1	[-]	4.76	4.21	0.516	3.19	0.0315		0.605	1.11	1.50		0.359	0.227	0.834	0.614	0.452
WATCH	[-]	4.94	4.40	0.503	3.23	0.0318		0.651	1.13	1.57		0.358	0.223	0.814	0.630	0.449

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.41
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	5.63	5.29	0.257	4.39	0.0266		0.877	1.65	0.443		0.607	0.455	0.967	0.949	0.687
GSWP3v1	[-]	4.67	4.39	0.211	4.39	0.0266		0.354	1.28	0.400		0.621	0.534	0.971	0.926	0.717
WATCH	[-]	3.71	3.47	0.185	4.35	0.0264		-0.141	1.14	0.415		0.584	0.573	0.970	0.855	0.711

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	94.3
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	120.	115.	5.57	93.6	0.649		0.665	1.47	1.10		0.414	0.335	0.828	0.918	0.566
GSWP3v1	[-]	109.	104.	5.19	93.6	0.649		0.408	1.30	1.14		0.398	0.370	0.807	0.941	0.577
WATCH	[-]	108.	103.	4.98	93.3	0.648		0.402	1.23	1.27		0.428	0.389	0.754	0.948	0.582

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.942
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	1.54	1.48	0.0715	0.937	0.00548		0.230	0.495	1.79		0.370	0.169	0.896	0.863	0.494
GSWP3v1	[-]	1.43	1.39	0.0703	0.937	0.00548		0.204	0.451	1.78		0.380	0.207	0.901	0.874	0.514
WATCH	[-]	1.67	1.61	0.0746	0.930	0.00543		0.280	0.524	1.84		0.338	0.194	0.888	0.830	0.489

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.28
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	3.03	2.92	0.0889	1.28	0.00304		0.774	1.68	0.713		0.392	0.239	0.944	0.427	0.448
GSWP3v1	[-]	2.88	2.77	0.0828	1.28	0.00304		0.702	1.43	0.555		0.413	0.303	0.960	0.466	0.489
WATCH	[-]	2.45	2.36	0.0796	1.26	0.00300		0.538	1.25	0.515		0.506	0.345	0.972	0.561	0.546

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.84
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	3.24	2.75	0.420	2.81	0.0214		0.764	1.74	1.46		0.265	0.264	0.759	0.822	0.475
GSWP3v1	[-]	3.10	2.61	0.413	2.81	0.0214		0.587	1.56	1.56		0.322	0.289	0.745	0.879	0.505
WATCH	[-]	2.98	2.52	0.390	2.80	0.0214		0.493	1.47	1.70		0.317	0.310	0.692	0.912	0.508

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.76
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	4.96	4.72	0.153	3.75	0.00457		0.846	1.40	0.761		0.587	0.528	0.942	0.921	0.701
GSWP3v1	[-]	4.34	4.11	0.137	3.75	0.00457		0.405	1.21	0.654		0.632	0.588	0.947	0.969	0.745
WATCH	[-]	4.36	4.16	0.118	3.75	0.00457		0.418	1.00	0.598		0.718	0.619	0.952	0.984	0.778

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.78
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	5.64	5.59	0.0869	2.76	0.0181		1.61	2.26	0.582		0.342	0.360	0.950	0.695	0.541
GSWP3v1	[-]	4.83	4.78	0.0718	2.76	0.0181		1.16	1.66	0.337		0.466	0.474	0.975	0.766	0.631
WATCH	[-]	4.43	4.38	0.0672	2.76	0.0181		0.949	1.44	0.165		0.517	0.502	0.989	0.915	0.685

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.53
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	1.45	1.51	0.0167	1.52	0.00362		0.0408	0.831	0.749		0.465	0.407	0.937	0.804	0.604
GSWP3v1	[-]	1.51	1.59	0.0124	1.52	0.00362		0.0974	0.841	0.770		0.469	0.402	0.932	0.853	0.611
WATCH	[-]	1.62	1.69	0.0147	1.52	0.00364		0.162	0.866	0.792		0.455	0.411	0.933	0.850	0.612

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	18.7
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	21.2	20.9	0.170	18.7	0.0172		0.930	1.57	1.66		0.377	0.266	0.760	0.967	0.527
GSWP3v1	[-]	18.7	18.4	0.164	18.7	0.0172		0.0893	1.52	1.83		0.195	0.268	0.738	0.968	0.487
WATCH	[-]	19.3	19.0	0.156	18.7	0.0173		0.292	1.22	2.46		0.332	0.311	0.609	0.957	0.504

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.12
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	10.4	10.2	0.336	8.11	0.00281		1.01	2.16	1.10		0.284	0.274	0.883	0.567	0.456
GSWP3v1	[-]	9.80	9.62	0.313	8.11	0.00281		0.762	1.82	1.19		0.344	0.331	0.875	0.671	0.510
WATCH	[-]	10.1	9.95	0.287	8.13	0.00282		0.881	1.67	1.47		0.371	0.377	0.816	0.761	0.540

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.01
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	1.27	1.16	0.0647	0.996	0.0112		0.390	0.952	1.32		0.280	0.224	0.876	0.766	0.474
GSWP3v1	[-]	1.52	1.40	0.0698	0.996	0.0112		0.586	0.994	1.40		0.245	0.280	0.877	0.793	0.495
WATCH	[-]	1.38	1.28	0.0591	0.998	0.0112		0.450	0.980	1.43		0.267	0.266	0.877	0.832	0.502

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Tue Jul 28 16:12:17 PDT 2015

  Conventions: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  source_file: This product is generated from monthly Global Biosphere Amtospher Flux (GBAF) observations

  title: derived GBAF in 0.5x0.5

  Approach: I read this variable from data file, and then save the data in NetCDF format by each month and each year. Meanwhile, I also converted the unit from gC/m2/day to KgC/m2/day.

  Temporal resolution: monthly

  General information: This product was derived from Monthly estimates of global biosphere-atmosphere fluxes from Biogeochemistry group at Max Planck Institute in Jena, Germany.

  Spatial resolution: 0.5x0.5 degree

  Derived data code: http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-reco-GBAF.ncl