Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.9
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	72.1	72.1		77.8	80.3		-5.40	10.0	1.78		0.324	0.444	0.747	0.900	0.600	0.576
GSWP3v1	[-]	68.7	68.9		77.8	80.3		-8.28	14.1	1.93		0.336	0.234	0.722	0.997	0.484	0.501
WATCH	[-]	78.6	78.7		78.1	80.5		0.517	5.36	1.21		0.629	0.551	0.841	0.992	0.809	0.729

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.6
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	50.6	50.1		53.2	77.5		-2.88	10.7	0.255		0.722	0.638	0.962	0.930	0.550	0.740
GSWP3v1	[-]	51.0	50.5		53.2	77.5		-2.52	11.8	0.548		0.733	0.592	0.929	0.969	0.837	0.775
WATCH	[-]	55.2	54.6		53.9	77.7		0.814	7.53	0.299		0.785	0.728	0.957	0.997	0.845	0.840

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	64.2
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	61.2	61.1		63.5	77.8		-1.03	10.0	0.996		0.623	0.497	0.864	0.951	0.543	0.663
GSWP3v1	[-]	61.1	61.1		63.5	77.8		-1.12	11.5	1.17		0.595	0.435	0.837	0.971	0.749	0.670
WATCH	[-]	62.4	62.3		63.6	78.1		-0.174	6.01	0.603		0.709	0.626	0.914	0.985	0.847	0.784

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.6
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	74.8	74.7		77.1	83.4		-0.231	17.2	2.92		0.278	0.0954	0.509	0.434	0.245	0.276
GSWP3v1	[-]	88.5	88.5		77.1	83.4		11.6	17.7	2.76		0.114	0.0792	0.549	0.727	0.555	0.350
WATCH	[-]	87.4	87.3		77.0	83.2		10.6	13.5	3.64		0.146	0.196	0.381	0.825	0.801	0.424

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	84.2
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	83.2	83.2		85.0	81.2		-1.66	5.15	1.75		0.441	0.407	0.739	0.940	0.580	0.586
GSWP3v1	[-]	85.2	85.2		85.0	81.2		-0.688	5.23	1.42		0.587	0.237	0.797	0.998	0.516	0.562
WATCH	[-]	87.5	87.5		85.3	81.2		0.988	3.53	1.25		0.562	0.468	0.822	0.964	0.757	0.674

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	72.3
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	75.6	75.6		72.2	78.9		3.46	11.1	1.85		0.482	0.407	0.736	0.603	0.631	0.544
GSWP3v1	[-]	82.6	82.6		72.2	78.9		10.4	17.9	2.16		0.321	0.199	0.684	0.974	0.573	0.492
WATCH	[-]	81.2	81.2		72.4	78.9		8.83	10.3	2.19		0.363	0.552	0.681	0.883	0.846	0.646

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	61.3
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	56.0	56.2		61.0	71.3		-3.57	13.4	1.41		0.531	0.521	0.804	0.893	0.817	0.681
GSWP3v1	[-]	65.2	65.4		61.0	71.3		5.02	16.2	1.97		0.540	0.322	0.705	0.994	0.756	0.606
WATCH	[-]	68.1	68.3		61.6	71.6		7.12	9.17	1.01		0.562	0.641	0.861	0.976	0.871	0.758

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.0
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	60.3	60.4		68.3	79.0		-5.50	10.3	0.730		0.550	0.530	0.901	0.984	0.646	0.690
GSWP3v1	[-]	62.1	61.8		68.3	79.0		-4.10	11.5	0.920		0.608	0.395	0.875	0.943	0.655	0.645
WATCH	[-]	70.3	70.1		68.1	78.9		3.35	6.18	0.683		0.687	0.627	0.902	0.992	0.843	0.780

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	78.8
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	81.3	81.3		78.5	84.9		3.61	13.4	2.66		0.326	0.159	0.551	0.615	0.365	0.363
GSWP3v1	[-]	88.9	88.9		78.5	84.9		10.5	16.2	3.05		0.149	0.102	0.497	0.827	0.518	0.366
WATCH	[-]	88.6	88.5		78.4	84.8		10.3	12.2	3.70		0.150	0.283	0.351	0.891	0.748	0.451

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.1
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	51.1	51.0		51.3	74.6		2.10	8.87	0.507		0.594	0.516	0.910	0.947	0.588	0.679
GSWP3v1	[-]	50.0	50.0		51.3	74.6		1.27	6.95	0.506		0.738	0.518	0.913	0.997	0.801	0.748
WATCH	[-]	52.3	52.3		51.8	74.9		2.75	5.46	0.331		0.688	0.677	0.938	0.980	0.887	0.808

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	76.7
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	77.0	77.0		76.6	78.3		1.10	5.80	1.20		0.646	0.512	0.841	0.845	0.820	0.696
GSWP3v1	[-]	77.5	77.5		76.6	78.3		0.920	9.32	0.889		0.609	0.308	0.878	0.777	0.624	0.584
WATCH	[-]	80.8	80.8		76.8	78.8		3.69	5.28	0.833		0.584	0.619	0.880	0.998	0.842	0.757

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	74.9
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	65.4	65.4		65.3	79.6		1.82	12.0	1.45		0.461	0.411	0.770	0.944	0.601	0.600
GSWP3v1	[-]	69.5	69.5		65.3	79.6		5.43	14.1	1.53		0.410	0.299	0.759	0.945	0.644	0.559
WATCH	[-]	71.2	71.2		65.6	79.6		6.52	9.59	1.31		0.473	0.517	0.783	0.964	0.805	0.677

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	37.9
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	42.8	42.8		36.6	70.8		7.67	12.8	0.887		0.429	0.499	0.851	0.959	0.629	0.644
GSWP3v1	[-]	41.2	41.3		36.6	70.8		6.28	12.3	0.578		0.494	0.429	0.897	0.920	0.745	0.652
WATCH	[-]	42.6	42.6		37.1	71.3		7.01	9.97	0.585		0.474	0.575	0.884	0.989	0.810	0.718

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.9
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	83.1	83.0		77.6	82.9		6.56	14.2	2.76		0.286	0.186	0.555	0.475	0.432	0.353
GSWP3v1	[-]	88.6	88.6		77.6	82.9		11.4	17.0	2.57		0.149	0.120	0.604	0.999	0.614	0.434
WATCH	[-]	87.3	87.3		77.6	82.8		10.1	13.2	3.36		0.181	0.227	0.436	0.986	0.764	0.470

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.8
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	62.3	62.3		68.1	78.3		-2.44	8.69	1.37		0.479	0.443	0.790	0.996	0.678	0.638
GSWP3v1	[-]	66.7	66.8		68.1	78.3		0.789	9.54	1.62		0.485	0.334	0.749	0.988	0.640	0.588
WATCH	[-]	67.8	68.0		68.8	78.6		1.21	6.67	1.04		0.558	0.512	0.832	0.984	0.795	0.699

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.7
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	71.8	71.9		69.4	76.3		2.90	5.87	1.85		0.616	0.470	0.719	0.995	0.786	0.676
GSWP3v1	[-]	76.3	76.3		69.4	76.3		6.86	11.7	2.73		0.356	0.249	0.570	0.999	0.685	0.518
WATCH	[-]	74.2	74.4		70.0	76.6		4.48	5.67	1.37		0.483	0.619	0.804	0.999	0.894	0.736

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	72.4
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	78.4	78.5		72.0	81.9		6.78	10.0	1.58		0.446	0.406	0.795	0.986	0.852	0.649
GSWP3v1	[-]	81.9	81.9		72.0	81.9		9.94	15.0	1.50		0.294	0.243	0.809	0.971	0.693	0.542
WATCH	[-]	79.4	79.4		71.7	81.8		7.84	9.40	1.48		0.376	0.519	0.826	0.915	0.824	0.663

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.7
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	53.9	54.1		53.2	81.4		1.43	8.63	0.748		0.717	0.546	0.913	0.980	0.758	0.743
GSWP3v1	[-]	64.0	64.0		53.2	81.4		11.1	15.6	1.07		0.413	0.427	0.871	0.987	0.793	0.653
WATCH	[-]	58.8	58.9		54.3	81.1		4.97	6.93	0.383		0.652	0.695	0.950	0.996	0.925	0.819

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	84.9
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	82.0	82.0		85.0	81.5		-2.95	6.72	0.800		0.519	0.453	0.903	0.999	0.610	0.656
GSWP3v1	[-]	80.2	80.2		85.0	81.5		-4.70	10.9	1.30		0.431	0.252	0.831	0.894	0.520	0.530
WATCH	[-]	85.1	85.1		85.5	81.9		-0.414	4.87	0.886		0.637	0.502	0.888	0.977	0.788	0.716

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	70.7
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	69.9	69.6		70.4	79.2		-0.202	6.87	0.787		0.704	0.515	0.901	0.952	0.584	0.695
GSWP3v1	[-]	71.7	71.5		70.4	79.2		1.59	13.1	1.36		0.462	0.318	0.819	0.724	0.716	0.560
WATCH	[-]	73.2	73.0		71.3	79.5		1.95	5.03	0.648		0.690	0.639	0.917	0.999	0.866	0.791

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	65.5
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	52.7	52.8		63.7	81.7		-7.98	14.9	1.02		0.345	0.421	0.860	0.978	0.686	0.618
GSWP3v1	[-]	62.9	63.1		63.7	81.7		0.944	12.3	0.915		0.480	0.372	0.868	0.972	0.633	0.616
WATCH	[-]	64.7	64.8		64.7	81.8		1.12	8.61	0.813		0.552	0.535	0.892	0.977	0.785	0.713

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Interannual variability Interannual variability score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Wed Dec 2 12:03:21 PST 2015

  Conventions: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  source_file: This product is generated from monthly ERA interim observations

  title: derived ERA interim

  Approach: I read the monthly 2m dewpoint temperature and 2m surface air temperature from original file, and calculated 2m relative humidity using the way by John Dutton (Ceaseless Wind, John Dutton. McGraw-Hill, 1976. pp 273-274). The final data were saved by each month and each year.

  Temporal resolution: monthly

  General information: This product was derived from ERA interim Dataset (1979-present).

  Spatial resolution: 0.5x0.5, 1x1 and 2.5x2.5 degree

  Derived data code: http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-rhums-ERA-interim.ncl