Mean State

Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 293.
CRUJRA [-] 295. 295. 298. 293. 296. 1.97 2.19 0.781 0.201 0.510 0.901 0.995 0.797 0.652
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 295. 295. 298. 293. 296. 2.11 2.33 0.941 0.192 0.491 0.882 1.00 0.802 0.643
GSWP3v1 [-] 294. 293. 297. 293. 296. 0.843 1.30 0.638 0.446 0.486 0.928 0.997 0.773 0.686
WATCH [-] 294. 294. 297. 293. 296. 1.69 2.03 0.585 0.225 0.429 0.932 0.997 0.735 0.625
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 293.
CRUJRA [-] 295. 295. 298. 293. 294. 2.57 2.76 0.229 0.395 0.715 0.979 0.989 0.849 0.773
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 295. 295. 297. 293. 294. 2.04 2.64 0.306 0.479 0.628 0.972 0.961 0.891 0.760
GSWP3v1 [-] 294. 294. 296. 293. 294. 1.17 1.50 0.181 0.620 0.750 0.985 0.987 0.860 0.825
WATCH [-] 295. 295. 296. 293. 294. 1.81 2.22 0.260 0.491 0.668 0.976 0.998 0.891 0.782
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 288.
CRUJRA [-] 291. 291. 294. 288. 293. 2.43 2.66 0.720 0.454 0.765 0.908 0.994 0.872 0.793
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 291. 291. 294. 288. 293. 2.48 2.67 0.888 0.446 0.742 0.881 0.999 0.829 0.773
GSWP3v1 [-] 289. 289. 293. 288. 293. 1.00 1.36 0.598 0.662 0.786 0.927 1.00 0.839 0.834
WATCH [-] 290. 290. 292. 288. 293. 1.35 1.85 0.588 0.585 0.736 0.926 0.999 0.850 0.806
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 257.
CRUJRA [-] 257. 257. 261. 256. 261. 0.574 1.70 0.0315 0.930 0.926 0.998 0.991 0.864 0.939
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 257. 256. 261. 256. 261. 0.587 1.91 0.0676 0.933 0.906 0.995 0.999 0.888 0.938
GSWP3v1 [-] 256. 256. 264. 256. 261. 0.394 1.75 0.0380 0.932 0.918 0.997 0.999 0.908 0.945
WATCH [-] 256. 256. 260. 256. 261. -0.0449 1.91 0.0292 0.939 0.901 0.998 1.00 0.907 0.941
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 294.
CRUJRA [-] 296. 296. 298. 294. 295. 2.16 2.46 1.67 0.125 0.507 0.742 0.989 0.749 0.603
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 297. 297. 298. 294. 295. 3.11 3.26 1.60 0.0596 0.477 0.757 0.937 0.744 0.575
GSWP3v1 [-] 295. 295. 297. 294. 295. 1.21 1.66 1.28 0.281 0.505 0.809 0.960 0.814 0.646
WATCH [-] 295. 295. 296. 294. 295. 1.19 1.83 1.22 0.243 0.415 0.827 0.954 0.859 0.619
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 265.
CRUJRA [-] 265. 265. 270. 265. 269. 0.109 1.18 0.0296 0.952 0.938 0.998 0.997 0.923 0.958
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 266. 266. 272. 265. 269. 0.538 1.48 0.0277 0.935 0.930 0.998 0.992 0.971 0.959
GSWP3v1 [-] 265. 265. 272. 265. 269. -0.198 1.13 0.0191 0.945 0.945 0.999 0.997 0.965 0.966
WATCH [-] 265. 265. 270. 265. 269. -0.277 1.27 0.0202 0.955 0.931 0.999 1.00 0.929 0.957
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 274.
CRUJRA [-] 275. 275. 284. 274. 283. 1.24 1.96 0.0396 0.851 0.909 0.997 1.00 0.929 0.932
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 275. 275. 285. 274. 280. 1.21 2.20 0.0399 0.848 0.883 0.997 0.999 0.922 0.922
GSWP3v1 [-] 274. 274. 285. 274. 280. 0.670 1.54 0.0163 0.881 0.923 0.999 0.999 0.928 0.942
WATCH [-] 274. 274. 283. 274. 280. 0.476 1.74 0.0261 0.879 0.900 0.998 0.999 0.861 0.923
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 291.
CRUJRA [-] 292. 293. 298. 291. 296. 1.70 2.29 0.291 0.600 0.817 0.977 0.997 0.913 0.854
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 292. 292. 298. 291. 296. 1.17 2.14 0.303 0.631 0.791 0.976 0.990 0.853 0.839
GSWP3v1 [-] 291. 291. 297. 291. 296. 0.736 1.51 0.255 0.717 0.846 0.978 0.999 0.929 0.886
WATCH [-] 292. 292. 296. 291. 296. 1.11 1.96 0.268 0.667 0.799 0.979 0.999 0.852 0.849
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 259.
CRUJRA [-] 259. 259. 261. 259. 260. 0.122 1.35 0.0193 0.959 0.927 0.999 0.995 0.870 0.946
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 259. 259. 261. 259. 260. -0.0883 1.60 0.0227 0.962 0.910 0.998 0.999 0.911 0.949
GSWP3v1 [-] 259. 259. 263. 259. 260. -0.224 1.48 0.0263 0.954 0.923 0.998 1.00 0.921 0.953
WATCH [-] 259. 259. 260. 259. 260. -0.272 1.60 0.0201 0.964 0.909 0.999 1.00 0.923 0.951
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 287.
CRUJRA [-] 290. 290. 290. 287. 289. 2.59 2.80 0.151 0.579 0.832 0.989 0.991 0.893 0.853
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 290. 290. 291. 287. 289. 2.60 2.76 0.207 0.582 0.834 0.985 0.994 0.905 0.856
GSWP3v1 [-] 289. 289. 290. 287. 289. 1.16 1.34 0.138 0.770 0.891 0.991 1.00 0.943 0.914
WATCH [-] 289. 289. 288. 287. 289. 1.37 1.67 0.191 0.733 0.858 0.987 0.999 0.938 0.895
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 277.
CRUJRA [-] 278. 277. 281. 277. 281. 0.705 1.52 0.291 0.817 0.873 0.980 0.990 0.950 0.914
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 278. 278. 281. 277. 281. 0.782 1.54 0.261 0.817 0.870 0.982 0.993 0.919 0.909
GSWP3v1 [-] 277. 277. 280. 277. 281. 0.00878 1.14 0.219 0.859 0.905 0.985 0.994 0.942 0.932
WATCH [-] 277. 277. 280. 277. 281. 0.427 1.42 0.190 0.841 0.870 0.987 0.996 0.897 0.910
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 281.
CRUJRA [-] 281. 282. 277. 280. 288. 1.69 2.23 0.342 0.645 0.818 0.958 0.999 0.881 0.853
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 277. 282. 241. 280. 287. 1.45 2.25 0.416 0.657 0.794 0.947 0.998 0.895 0.848
GSWP3v1 [-] 277. 281. 244. 280. 287. 0.686 1.46 0.269 0.759 0.835 0.968 0.999 0.909 0.884
WATCH [-] 277. 281. 244. 280. 287. 0.891 1.78 0.287 0.722 0.791 0.966 0.999 0.883 0.859
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 289.
CRUJRA [-] 290. 290. 293. 289. 292. 1.95 2.31 0.230 0.711 0.871 0.983 1.00 0.847 0.880
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 289. 289. 292. 288. 292. 0.570 1.87 0.313 0.793 0.838 0.976 0.997 0.909 0.892
GSWP3v1 [-] 289. 289. 292. 288. 292. 0.623 1.29 0.238 0.852 0.882 0.982 1.00 0.909 0.918
WATCH [-] 289. 289. 291. 288. 291. 0.889 1.66 0.276 0.817 0.854 0.978 0.999 0.913 0.903
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 260.
CRUJRA [-] 261. 261. 260. 260. 262. 0.736 1.75 0.0568 0.930 0.904 0.996 0.999 0.820 0.925
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 260. 260. 259. 260. 262. 0.124 1.63 0.0682 0.938 0.904 0.995 0.986 0.895 0.937
GSWP3v1 [-] 260. 260. 262. 260. 262. 0.385 1.52 0.0456 0.938 0.915 0.997 0.998 0.920 0.947
WATCH [-] 260. 260. 259. 260. 262. 0.406 1.53 0.0533 0.944 0.907 0.996 0.997 0.934 0.948
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 289.
CRUJRA [-] 291. 291. 295. 289. 293. 2.96 3.30 0.435 0.395 0.749 0.959 0.997 0.841 0.782
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 291. 291. 295. 289. 293. 3.06 3.46 0.530 0.376 0.712 0.946 0.994 0.873 0.769
GSWP3v1 [-] 289. 289. 294. 289. 293. 1.40 2.00 0.369 0.568 0.766 0.961 0.999 0.905 0.828
WATCH [-] 289. 289. 293. 289. 293. 1.52 2.30 0.437 0.535 0.708 0.951 0.999 0.897 0.800
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 280.
CRUJRA [-] 282. 282. 290. 280. 287. 2.21 2.35 0.0681 0.770 0.920 0.995 0.999 0.953 0.926
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 282. 282. 291. 280. 287. 1.92 2.14 0.0503 0.793 0.909 0.997 0.993 0.949 0.925
GSWP3v1 [-] 281. 281. 289. 280. 287. 1.06 1.27 0.0255 0.876 0.936 0.998 1.00 0.972 0.953
WATCH [-] 281. 281. 289. 280. 287. 1.01 1.40 0.0432 0.876 0.913 0.997 1.00 0.947 0.941
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 268.
CRUJRA [-] 269. 269. 274. 268. 274. 1.20 1.76 0.0336 0.876 0.911 0.998 0.997 0.892 0.930
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 269. 269. 274. 268. 274. 0.849 1.54 0.0363 0.895 0.908 0.998 0.995 0.944 0.941
GSWP3v1 [-] 268. 268. 274. 268. 274. 0.439 1.14 0.0361 0.922 0.926 0.998 0.997 0.952 0.953
WATCH [-] 269. 269. 273. 268. 274. 0.735 1.45 0.0470 0.908 0.906 0.997 0.999 0.927 0.940
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 276.
CRUJRA [-] 278. 278. 284. 276. 280. 2.68 3.00 0.0411 0.694 0.871 0.997 1.00 0.945 0.896
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 277. 277. 283. 276. 280. 1.79 2.50 0.0354 0.761 0.836 0.997 0.997 0.897 0.887
GSWP3v1 [-] 277. 277. 283. 276. 280. 1.52 2.00 0.0516 0.787 0.891 0.997 0.998 0.943 0.918
WATCH [-] 277. 277. 282. 275. 280. 1.51 2.30 0.0459 0.773 0.857 0.997 1.00 0.893 0.896
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 294.
CRUJRA [-] 296. 296. 298. 294. 294. 2.12 2.45 1.64 0.148 0.546 0.749 0.997 0.824 0.635
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 296. 296. 298. 294. 294. 2.20 2.50 2.13 0.137 0.521 0.661 1.00 0.882 0.620
GSWP3v1 [-] 295. 295. 297. 294. 294. 0.925 1.38 1.11 0.399 0.552 0.833 0.996 0.871 0.700
WATCH [-] 295. 295. 297. 294. 294. 1.06 1.75 1.23 0.335 0.407 0.813 1.00 0.791 0.626
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 290.
CRUJRA [-] 292. 292. 293. 290. 288. 2.09 2.25 0.601 0.456 0.770 0.921 0.999 0.921 0.806
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 292. 292. 294. 290. 288. 2.43 2.59 0.778 0.410 0.742 0.888 0.997 0.919 0.783
GSWP3v1 [-] 291. 291. 293. 290. 288. 1.06 1.31 0.478 0.637 0.798 0.938 1.00 0.935 0.851
WATCH [-] 291. 291. 291. 290. 288. 1.24 1.67 0.479 0.579 0.717 0.939 0.994 0.858 0.801
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [K]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Model Period Mean (complement) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]
Bias [K]
RMSE [K]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Interannual Variability Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 278.
CRUJRA [-] 280. 279. 285. 278. 281. 2.29 2.98 0.196 0.487 0.769 0.978 0.990 0.929 0.820
CRUNCEPv7 [-] 280. 280. 285. 278. 281. 2.59 3.21 0.305 0.458 0.749 0.964 0.999 0.922 0.807
GSWP3v1 [-] 279. 278. 284. 278. 281. 1.24 2.18 0.122 0.596 0.793 0.989 1.00 0.922 0.849
WATCH [-] 279. 279. 284. 277. 281. 1.82 2.76 0.166 0.549 0.731 0.986 1.00 0.892 0.815

Temporally integrated period mean

BENCHMARK MEAN
Data not available
Data not available
MODEL MEAN
Data not available
Data not available
BIAS
Data not available
Data not available
BIAS SCORE
Data not available
Data not available
RMSE
Data not available
Data not available
RMSE SCORE
Data not available
Data not available
BENCHMARK INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY
Data not available
Data not available
MODEL INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY
Data not available
Data not available
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY SCORE
Data not available
Data not available
BENCHMARK MAX MONTH
Data not available
Data not available
MODEL MAX MONTH
Data not available
Data not available
DIFFERENCE IN MAX MONTH
Data not available
Data not available
SEASONAL CYCLE SCORE
Data not available
Data not available

Spatially integrated regional mean

MODEL COLORS
Data not available
REGIONAL MEAN
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available
MONTHLY ANOMALY
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available

All Models

Benchmark
Data not available
Data not available
CRUJRA
Data not available
Data not available
CRUNCEPv7
Data not available
Data not available
GSWP3v1
Data not available
Data not available
WATCH
Data not available
Data not available

Data Information

  Title:
CRU TS4.01 Minimum Temperature

  Institution:
Original Data held at British Atmospheric Data Centre, RAL, UK.

  Source:
Run ID = 1709081022. Data generated from:TMN derived from gridded TMP & DTR absolutes, DTR in turn derived from tmn.1708171135.dtb, tmx.1708171215.dtb

  History:
2018-01-15: download from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.01/cruts.1709081022.v4.01/ 2019-02-06: converted and created to netCDF4 for ILAMB package

  References:
Harris et al., 2014, Int. J. Climatol., doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  Conventions:
CF-1.7

  Creation_date:
Fri Feb 8 14:17:30 PST 2019

  Contact:
Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Forrest Hoffman (forrest@climatemodeling.org) for any question

  Original_resolution:
0.5x0.5

  Resolution:
0.5x0.5

  Original_frequency:
mon

  Frequency:
mon