Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.03
CLM4	[-]	10.7	11.0	0.201	6.02	0.00530		3.24	3.83	2.44		0.0711	0.125	0.532	0.499	0.270
CLM4.5	[-]	8.47	8.49	0.225	6.02	0.00530		1.71	2.61	2.15		0.102	0.212	0.610	0.637	0.354
CLM5	[-]	6.90	6.97	0.203	6.02	0.00530		0.742	1.62	1.88		0.240	0.234	0.652	0.901	0.452

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.84
CLM4	[-]	5.76	5.36	0.0135	4.83	0.00451		0.219	1.10	1.15		0.583	0.445	0.820	0.762	0.611
CLM4.5	[-]	3.34	3.11	0.0117	4.83	0.00451		-0.687	1.10	0.667		0.436	0.506	0.925	0.929	0.660
CLM5	[-]	4.89	4.64	0.0194	4.83	0.00451		-0.0606	1.37	1.07		0.561	0.356	0.847	0.954	0.615

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	7.67
CLM4	[-]	7.17	6.82	0.267	7.65	0.0194		-0.164	1.38	0.964		0.331	0.426	0.894	0.695	0.554
CLM4.5	[-]	5.87	5.49	0.311	7.65	0.0194		-0.527	1.22	0.697		0.350	0.491	0.933	0.877	0.629
CLM5	[-]	8.24	7.78	0.374	7.65	0.0194		0.187	1.59	1.06		0.388	0.301	0.872	0.731	0.519

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.268
CLM4	[-]	0.305	0.288	0.0235	0.266	0.00214		0.0523	1.32	0.391		0.698	0.464	0.959	0.718	0.660
CLM4.5	[-]	1.11	1.08	0.0355	0.266	0.00214		0.762	1.39	0.251		0.734	0.564	0.976	0.567	0.681
CLM5	[-]	1.59	1.54	0.0528	0.266	0.00214		1.19	2.20	0.562		0.554	0.425	0.952	0.386	0.549

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	5.87
CLM4	[-]	12.3	10.6	1.67	5.72	0.154		7.68	7.85	2.26		0.00304	0.115	0.635	0.956	0.365
CLM4.5	[-]	9.31	7.85	1.41	5.72	0.154		4.59	4.74	2.61		0.00651	0.190	0.569	0.848	0.361
CLM5	[-]	6.75	5.66	1.05	5.72	0.154		1.78	2.16	2.35		0.239	0.242	0.626	0.389	0.347

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.81
CLM4	[-]	7.45	7.21	0.0793	4.80	0.00239		0.774	1.47	0.259		0.648	0.628	0.979	0.705	0.717
CLM4.5	[-]	7.46	7.20	0.0812	4.80	0.00239		0.767	1.37	0.287		0.663	0.648	0.977	0.819	0.751
CLM5	[-]	8.80	8.50	0.0917	4.80	0.00239		1.17	1.83	0.465		0.581	0.539	0.967	0.835	0.692

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.54
CLM4	[-]	12.9	12.6	0.453	8.50	0.0389		0.760	1.34	0.687		0.407	0.487	0.961	0.574	0.583
CLM4.5	[-]	10.9	10.6	0.399	8.50	0.0389		0.432	0.966	0.768		0.510	0.552	0.957	0.758	0.666
CLM5	[-]	10.1	9.90	0.352	8.50	0.0389		0.311	0.922	0.892		0.658	0.523	0.918	0.932	0.711

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.81
CLM4	[-]	10.3	9.56	0.538	6.77	0.0385		1.67	2.28	1.43		0.232	0.234	0.802	0.648	0.430
CLM4.5	[-]	7.99	7.30	0.538	6.77	0.0385		0.733	1.70	1.13		0.320	0.318	0.833	0.763	0.510
CLM5	[-]	6.85	6.24	0.492	6.77	0.0385		0.230	1.41	1.68		0.391	0.347	0.739	0.881	0.541

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.433
CLM4	[-]	0.253	0.264	0.0143	0.432	0.000674		-0.115	1.46	0.252		0.740	0.453	0.991	0.769	0.681
CLM4.5	[-]	1.26	1.29	0.0214	0.432	0.000674		0.706	1.29	0.345		0.687	0.627	0.991	0.694	0.725
CLM5	[-]	2.27	2.30	0.0386	0.432	0.000674		1.53	2.52	0.413		0.508	0.385	0.985	0.493	0.551

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.22
CLM4	[-]	3.05	2.63	0.387	3.19	0.0315		-0.0264	0.652	1.11		0.412	0.426	0.859	0.669	0.559
CLM4.5	[-]	3.33	2.89	0.409	3.19	0.0315		0.0774	0.639	0.865		0.460	0.413	0.908	0.781	0.595
CLM5	[-]	4.86	4.32	0.498	3.19	0.0315		0.634	1.18	1.34		0.355	0.201	0.848	0.587	0.438

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.41
CLM4	[-]	4.04	3.80	0.198	4.39	0.0266		0.000968	1.31	1.11		0.592	0.473	0.849	0.876	0.652
CLM4.5	[-]	4.96	4.67	0.223	4.39	0.0266		0.492	1.15	0.773		0.653	0.520	0.921	0.970	0.717
CLM5	[-]	5.63	5.29	0.257	4.39	0.0266		0.877	1.65	0.443		0.607	0.455	0.967	0.949	0.687

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	94.3
CLM4	[-]	138.	132.	5.72	93.6	0.649		1.04	1.81	1.13		0.279	0.319	0.794	0.636	0.469
CLM4.5	[-]	118.	112.	5.83	93.6	0.649		0.612	1.39	1.00		0.313	0.369	0.826	0.832	0.542
CLM5	[-]	120.	115.	5.57	93.6	0.649		0.665	1.47	1.10		0.414	0.335	0.828	0.918	0.566

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.942
CLM4	[-]	0.910	0.868	0.0406	0.937	0.00548		0.00853	0.247	2.28		0.410	0.377	0.739	0.897	0.560
CLM4.5	[-]	1.03	0.980	0.0506	0.937	0.00548		0.0545	0.279	2.01		0.421	0.362	0.858	0.900	0.581
CLM5	[-]	1.54	1.48	0.0715	0.937	0.00548		0.230	0.495	1.79		0.370	0.169	0.896	0.863	0.494

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.28
CLM4	[-]	1.37	1.32	0.0365	1.28	0.00304		0.0584	0.766	0.594		0.611	0.527	0.975	0.684	0.665
CLM4.5	[-]	2.44	2.35	0.0625	1.28	0.00304		0.516	1.06	0.723		0.492	0.411	0.971	0.583	0.574
CLM5	[-]	3.03	2.92	0.0889	1.28	0.00304		0.774	1.68	0.713		0.392	0.239	0.944	0.427	0.448

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.84
CLM4	[-]	2.62	2.24	0.304	2.81	0.0214		0.0849	1.69	1.35		0.253	0.314	0.795	0.785	0.492
CLM4.5	[-]	3.47	2.94	0.443	2.81	0.0214		1.02	2.05	0.875		0.211	0.234	0.884	0.703	0.453
CLM5	[-]	3.24	2.75	0.420	2.81	0.0214		0.764	1.74	1.46		0.265	0.264	0.759	0.822	0.475

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.76
CLM4	[-]	6.50	6.22	0.199	3.75	0.00457		1.93	2.41	0.866		0.348	0.463	0.930	0.400	0.521
CLM4.5	[-]	5.86	5.59	0.189	3.75	0.00457		1.49	1.95	0.811		0.405	0.497	0.934	0.577	0.582
CLM5	[-]	4.96	4.72	0.153	3.75	0.00457		0.846	1.40	0.761		0.587	0.528	0.942	0.921	0.701

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.78
CLM4	[-]	4.94	4.88	0.0786	2.76	0.0181		1.22	1.55	0.270		0.435	0.587	0.982	0.529	0.624
CLM4.5	[-]	5.01	4.98	0.0716	2.76	0.0181		1.27	1.64	0.257		0.413	0.512	0.983	0.684	0.621
CLM5	[-]	5.64	5.59	0.0869	2.76	0.0181		1.61	2.26	0.582		0.342	0.360	0.950	0.695	0.541

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.53
CLM4	[-]	1.67	1.72	0.0147	1.52	0.00362		0.187	0.640	0.784		0.543	0.520	0.932	0.753	0.654
CLM4.5	[-]	1.34	1.39	0.0149	1.52	0.00362		-0.0462	0.547	0.784		0.606	0.517	0.924	0.940	0.701
CLM5	[-]	1.45	1.51	0.0167	1.52	0.00362		0.0408	0.831	0.749		0.465	0.407	0.937	0.804	0.604

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	18.7
CLM4	[-]	32.5	32.2	0.184	18.7	0.0172		4.62	5.08	2.31		0.0221	0.0950	0.618	0.499	0.266
CLM4.5	[-]	24.3	24.0	0.191	18.7	0.0172		1.98	2.62	2.15		0.0586	0.156	0.661	0.824	0.371
CLM5	[-]	21.2	20.9	0.170	18.7	0.0172		0.930	1.57	1.66		0.377	0.266	0.760	0.967	0.527

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.12
CLM4	[-]	11.3	11.1	0.297	8.11	0.00281		1.38	2.67	1.27		0.225	0.293	0.855	0.309	0.395
CLM4.5	[-]	8.55	8.30	0.349	8.11	0.00281		0.205	1.73	0.989		0.332	0.381	0.895	0.502	0.498
CLM5	[-]	10.4	10.2	0.336	8.11	0.00281		1.01	2.16	1.10		0.284	0.274	0.883	0.567	0.456

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.01
CLM4	[-]	0.952	0.929	0.0367	0.996	0.0112		0.135	0.699	1.31		0.270	0.341	0.841	0.661	0.491
CLM4.5	[-]	0.982	0.927	0.0400	0.996	0.0112		0.115	0.669	1.29		0.296	0.350	0.861	0.783	0.528
CLM5	[-]	1.27	1.16	0.0647	0.996	0.0112		0.390	0.952	1.32		0.280	0.224	0.876	0.766	0.474

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Tue Jul 28 16:12:17 PDT 2015

  Conventions: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  source_file: This product is generated from monthly Global Biosphere Amtospher Flux (GBAF) observations

  title: derived GBAF in 0.5x0.5

  Approach: I read this variable from data file, and then save the data in NetCDF format by each month and each year. Meanwhile, I also converted the unit from gC/m2/day to KgC/m2/day.

  Temporal resolution: monthly

  General information: This product was derived from Monthly estimates of global biosphere-atmosphere fluxes from Biogeochemistry group at Max Planck Institute in Jena, Germany.

  Spatial resolution: 0.5x0.5 degree

  Derived data code: http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-reco-GBAF.ncl