Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.8
CLM4	[-]	9.47	9.51	5.64	10.9	8.01		-1.54	2.21	1.11		0.407	0.378	0.826	0.992	0.547	0.588
CLM4.5	[-]	9.17	9.18	5.70	10.9	8.01		-1.85	2.43	1.10		0.355	0.381	0.829	0.980	0.539	0.578
CLM5	[-]	8.65	8.67	5.39	10.9	8.01		-2.36	2.75	1.14		0.215	0.376	0.827	0.978	0.545	0.553

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.8
CLM4	[-]	12.9	13.0	7.78	13.8	11.0		-0.867	3.17	0.859		0.592	0.437	0.911	0.848	0.572	0.633
CLM4.5	[-]	12.3	12.4	7.59	13.8	11.0		-1.44	3.50	0.910		0.516	0.438	0.905	0.751	0.556	0.601
CLM5	[-]	12.0	12.1	7.63	13.8	11.0		-1.70	3.48	0.958		0.513	0.440	0.903	0.818	0.532	0.608

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.8
CLM4	[-]	11.8	11.9	5.60	12.8	9.07		-1.20	2.42	0.750		0.510	0.438	0.905	0.933	0.656	0.647
CLM4.5	[-]	11.3	11.4	5.72	12.8	9.07		-1.68	2.69	0.763		0.423	0.437	0.905	0.940	0.656	0.633
CLM5	[-]	11.2	11.3	5.50	12.8	9.07		-1.80	2.71	0.759		0.415	0.450	0.907	0.937	0.651	0.635

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.39
CLM4	[-]	7.95	8.03	5.62	9.41	7.83		-1.60	2.96	0.780		0.474	0.315	0.923	0.984	0.824	0.639
CLM4.5	[-]	7.98	8.06	5.64	9.41	7.83		-1.57	2.94	0.783		0.506	0.319	0.920	0.994	0.836	0.649
CLM5	[-]	6.86	6.93	4.62	9.41	7.83		-2.70	3.34	0.929		0.282	0.377	0.890	0.974	0.786	0.615

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.53
CLM4	[-]	5.01	5.15	3.62	9.60	8.86		-4.86	4.92	1.63		0.00742	0.390	0.765	0.775	0.651	0.497
CLM4.5	[-]	5.09	5.22	3.76	9.60	8.86		-4.77	4.82	1.61		0.00783	0.396	0.767	0.761	0.650	0.496
CLM5	[-]	4.24	4.35	3.16	9.60	8.86		-5.58	5.62	1.57		0.00240	0.397	0.772	0.590	0.635	0.466

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.7
CLM4	[-]	10.9	10.9	5.67	10.7	8.60		0.205	2.34	1.82		0.569	0.423	0.715	0.934	0.833	0.649
CLM4.5	[-]	10.1	10.2	5.70	10.7	8.60		-0.546	2.54	1.43		0.515	0.429	0.791	0.873	0.833	0.645
CLM5	[-]	8.39	8.41	4.38	10.7	8.60		-2.31	2.99	2.53		0.392	0.439	0.590	0.729	0.766	0.559

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.7
CLM4	[-]	11.8	11.9	5.74	11.8	9.57		-0.115	2.69	2.02		0.499	0.364	0.681	0.992	0.855	0.626
CLM4.5	[-]	11.3	11.4	5.52	11.8	9.57		-0.595	2.75	2.08		0.479	0.359	0.666	0.984	0.857	0.618
CLM5	[-]	10.4	10.4	4.64	11.8	9.57		-1.59	2.88	2.21		0.433	0.373	0.646	0.992	0.818	0.606

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.1
CLM4	[-]	11.1	11.2	4.77	11.2	8.50		-0.568	2.82	1.53		0.503	0.523	0.779	0.753	0.727	0.635
CLM4.5	[-]	10.6	10.8	4.84	11.2	8.50		-0.949	2.73	1.47		0.516	0.530	0.791	0.800	0.727	0.649
CLM5	[-]	10.2	10.3	4.49	11.2	8.50		-1.39	2.71	1.53		0.530	0.530	0.782	0.802	0.714	0.648

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.50
CLM4	[-]	7.30	7.38	5.39	8.51	7.45		-1.24	2.71	1.21		0.510	0.321	0.823	0.993	0.784	0.626
CLM4.5	[-]	7.16	7.24	5.32	8.51	7.45		-1.37	2.83	1.21		0.492	0.313	0.819	0.989	0.797	0.620
CLM5	[-]	6.35	6.41	4.48	8.51	7.45		-2.21	2.94	2.13		0.352	0.378	0.642	0.981	0.759	0.582

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.7
CLM4	[-]	12.2	12.4	5.24	13.8	10.4		-1.90	2.90	0.757		0.437	0.473	0.927	0.721	0.822	0.642
CLM4.5	[-]	12.2	12.3	5.39	13.8	10.4		-1.96	2.92	0.758		0.436	0.472	0.924	0.732	0.826	0.644
CLM5	[-]	11.8	11.9	4.97	13.8	10.4		-2.36	3.15	0.844		0.415	0.475	0.920	0.702	0.808	0.632

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.57
CLM4	[-]	8.16	8.23	6.00	8.60	7.69		-0.700	2.11	1.27		0.560	0.506	0.824	0.916	0.822	0.689
CLM4.5	[-]	8.26	8.32	6.17	8.60	7.69		-0.588	2.04	1.35		0.579	0.504	0.814	0.959	0.813	0.695
CLM5	[-]	6.90	6.96	4.96	8.60	7.69		-1.92	2.42	1.09		0.429	0.565	0.867	0.978	0.747	0.692

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.6
CLM4	[-]	10.5	11.1	5.67	11.8	7.98		-0.970	2.92	1.29		0.440	0.406	0.815	0.952	0.716	0.623
CLM4.5	[-]	10.4	10.8	6.83	11.8	7.98		-1.27	2.96	1.28		0.424	0.405	0.818	0.971	0.717	0.623
CLM5	[-]	9.62	10.0	6.09	11.8	7.98		-2.04	3.23	1.45		0.350	0.417	0.789	0.962	0.689	0.604

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	14.0
CLM4	[-]	15.8	15.8	8.91	14.0	11.1		1.52	3.13	1.21		0.345	0.329	0.837	0.792	0.644	0.546
CLM4.5	[-]	15.4	15.5	8.83	14.0	11.1		1.19	2.92	1.22		0.370	0.332	0.834	0.832	0.651	0.558
CLM5	[-]	15.2	15.2	8.67	14.0	11.1		0.929	2.89	1.25		0.379	0.324	0.832	0.834	0.628	0.553

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.40
CLM4	[-]	8.27	8.36	5.80	8.41	7.44		-0.321	2.68	0.738		0.597	0.261	0.905	0.969	0.815	0.635
CLM4.5	[-]	7.97	8.04	5.79	8.41	7.44		-0.609	2.61	0.699		0.624	0.260	0.916	0.992	0.825	0.646
CLM5	[-]	6.72	6.79	4.87	8.41	7.44		-1.83	2.79	1.03		0.399	0.324	0.855	0.960	0.799	0.610

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.3
CLM4	[-]	9.01	9.13	6.11	13.4	10.3		-5.05	5.40	1.04		0.142	0.450	0.871	0.893	0.637	0.574
CLM4.5	[-]	9.04	9.15	6.33	13.4	10.3		-4.97	5.31	1.13		0.133	0.442	0.856	0.931	0.647	0.575
CLM5	[-]	8.60	8.70	6.04	13.4	10.3		-5.41	5.73	1.24		0.114	0.439	0.838	0.917	0.633	0.564

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.2
CLM4	[-]	10.3	10.3	6.10	12.2	9.97		-2.03	2.55	2.29		0.369	0.454	0.627	0.855	0.741	0.583
CLM4.5	[-]	9.93	9.95	6.20	12.2	9.97		-2.40	2.84	2.49		0.296	0.445	0.589	0.891	0.744	0.568
CLM5	[-]	8.63	8.63	5.31	12.2	9.97		-3.70	3.95	2.47		0.135	0.459	0.605	0.926	0.679	0.544

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.0
CLM4	[-]	11.4	11.4	6.05	11.1	7.54		0.0759	2.10	1.47		0.590	0.482	0.772	0.909	0.768	0.667
CLM4.5	[-]	10.9	10.9	6.16	11.1	7.54		-0.396	2.04	1.31		0.621	0.479	0.798	0.956	0.768	0.684
CLM5	[-]	8.72	8.72	4.69	11.1	7.54		-2.51	3.03	2.39		0.327	0.477	0.605	0.996	0.711	0.599

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	15.3
CLM4	[-]	13.8	13.7	9.03	15.3	11.3		-1.70	3.11	0.718		0.457	0.421	0.932	0.985	0.861	0.680
CLM4.5	[-]	13.3	13.3	9.49	15.3	11.3		-2.14	3.29	0.736		0.421	0.416	0.928	0.974	0.862	0.670
CLM5	[-]	12.5	12.5	8.47	15.3	11.3		-2.92	3.83	0.894		0.344	0.392	0.901	0.990	0.841	0.643

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.2
CLM4	[-]	8.05	8.06	4.23	10.2	9.50		-2.29	2.59	0.606		0.232	0.519	0.921	0.947	0.450	0.598
CLM4.5	[-]	8.00	8.02	4.41	10.2	9.50		-2.32	2.61	0.604		0.227	0.519	0.922	0.961	0.452	0.600
CLM5	[-]	7.43	7.44	3.96	10.2	9.50		-2.90	3.09	0.600		0.155	0.507	0.920	0.989	0.456	0.589

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.7
CLM4	[-]	10.1	10.2	4.92	11.7	9.16		-1.65	2.61	1.08		0.418	0.379	0.842	0.837	0.556	0.569
CLM4.5	[-]	9.75	9.84	5.14	11.7	9.16		-1.99	2.78	1.02		0.356	0.377	0.853	0.884	0.551	0.566
CLM5	[-]	9.30	9.40	4.60	11.7	9.16		-2.45	2.98	0.859		0.265	0.391	0.885	0.904	0.545	0.564

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.5
CLM4	[-]	11.1	11.2	7.39	12.6	7.59		-1.90	2.92	1.49		0.361	0.456	0.788	0.990	0.718	0.628
CLM4.5	[-]	10.5	10.5	7.14	12.6	7.59		-2.52	3.33	1.47		0.298	0.454	0.792	0.987	0.713	0.616
CLM5	[-]	9.91	9.92	6.60	12.6	7.59		-3.13	3.75	1.37		0.238	0.470	0.814	0.988	0.673	0.609

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Interannual variability Interannual variability score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Fri Feb 8 13:55:45 PST 2019

  contact: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Forrest Hoffman (forrest@climatemodeling.org) for any question

  history: 2018-01-15: download from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.01/cruts.1709081022.v4.01/ 2019-02-06: converted and created to netCDF4 for ILAMB package

  original_resolution: 0.5x0.5

  resolution: 0.5x0.5

  original_frequency: mon

  frequency: mon

  references: Harris et al., 2014, Int. J. Climatol., doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  institution: Original Data held at British Atmospheric Data Centre, RAL, UK.

  source: Run ID = 1709081022. Data generated from:dtr.1708250000.dtb

  title: CRU TS4.01 Diurnal Temperature Range

  Conventions: CF-1.7