Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.9
CLM4	[-]	75.3	75.4		77.8	80.3		-2.24	7.42	1.47		0.495	0.451	0.800	0.972	0.595	0.627
CLM4.5	[-]	74.5	74.5		77.8	80.3		-3.06	8.09	1.52		0.442	0.449	0.794	0.963	0.573	0.612
CLM5	[-]	72.1	72.1		77.8	80.3		-5.40	10.0	1.78		0.324	0.444	0.747	0.900	0.600	0.576

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.6
CLM4	[-]	53.1	52.5		53.2	77.5		-0.553	9.97	0.219		0.775	0.642	0.967	0.975	0.572	0.762
CLM4.5	[-]	52.1	51.5		53.2	77.5		-1.48	10.7	0.266		0.744	0.633	0.961	0.931	0.568	0.745
CLM5	[-]	50.6	50.1		53.2	77.5		-2.88	10.7	0.255		0.722	0.638	0.962	0.930	0.550	0.740

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	64.2
CLM4	[-]	63.5	63.5		63.5	77.8		1.05	9.19	1.09		0.668	0.511	0.845	0.969	0.565	0.678
CLM4.5	[-]	62.3	62.2		63.5	77.8		0.0313	9.81	1.04		0.636	0.501	0.856	0.958	0.567	0.670
CLM5	[-]	61.2	61.1		63.5	77.8		-1.03	10.0	0.996		0.623	0.497	0.864	0.951	0.543	0.663

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.6
CLM4	[-]	80.1	80.0		77.1	83.4		4.52	15.5	3.18		0.303	0.106	0.460	0.622	0.328	0.321
CLM4.5	[-]	80.9	80.8		77.1	83.4		5.31	14.8	2.79		0.305	0.120	0.536	0.667	0.356	0.351
CLM5	[-]	74.8	74.7		77.1	83.4		-0.231	17.2	2.92		0.278	0.0954	0.509	0.434	0.245	0.276

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	84.2
CLM4	[-]	87.4	87.4		85.0	81.2		2.09	5.14	1.49		0.422	0.407	0.793	0.970	0.627	0.604
CLM4.5	[-]	86.8	86.8		85.0	81.2		1.68	5.11	1.51		0.428	0.408	0.791	0.986	0.611	0.605
CLM5	[-]	83.2	83.2		85.0	81.2		-1.66	5.15	1.75		0.441	0.407	0.739	0.940	0.580	0.586

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	72.3
CLM4	[-]	80.2	80.2		72.2	78.9		8.06	12.0	1.74		0.378	0.434	0.760	0.803	0.683	0.582
CLM4.5	[-]	80.6	80.7		72.2	78.9		8.49	12.3	1.67		0.372	0.434	0.772	0.807	0.676	0.583
CLM5	[-]	75.6	75.6		72.2	78.9		3.46	11.1	1.85		0.482	0.407	0.736	0.603	0.631	0.544

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	61.3
CLM4	[-]	59.6	59.8		61.0	71.3		-0.0660	12.7	1.33		0.511	0.526	0.818	0.903	0.814	0.683
CLM4.5	[-]	59.2	59.3		61.0	71.3		-0.460	13.0	1.32		0.498	0.528	0.819	0.882	0.797	0.676
CLM5	[-]	56.0	56.2		61.0	71.3		-3.57	13.4	1.41		0.531	0.521	0.804	0.893	0.817	0.681

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.0
CLM4	[-]	63.4	63.4		68.3	79.0		-2.65	8.72	0.803		0.648	0.528	0.888	0.981	0.677	0.708
CLM4.5	[-]	62.6	62.7		68.3	79.0		-3.26	9.20	0.817		0.622	0.526	0.887	0.983	0.669	0.702
CLM5	[-]	60.3	60.4		68.3	79.0		-5.50	10.3	0.730		0.550	0.530	0.901	0.984	0.646	0.690

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	78.8
CLM4	[-]	84.7	84.7		78.5	84.9		6.83	13.9	2.74		0.257	0.155	0.536	0.808	0.461	0.395
CLM4.5	[-]	85.7	85.7		78.5	84.9		7.75	13.4	2.69		0.231	0.177	0.550	0.855	0.489	0.413
CLM5	[-]	81.3	81.3		78.5	84.9		3.61	13.4	2.66		0.326	0.159	0.551	0.615	0.365	0.363

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.1
CLM4	[-]	52.4	52.4		51.3	74.6		3.36	8.71	0.448		0.595	0.528	0.917	0.955	0.609	0.688
CLM4.5	[-]	52.8	52.8		51.3	74.6		3.79	8.93	0.451		0.586	0.526	0.916	0.951	0.613	0.686
CLM5	[-]	51.1	51.0		51.3	74.6		2.10	8.87	0.507		0.594	0.516	0.910	0.947	0.588	0.679

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	76.7
CLM4	[-]	79.5	79.5		76.6	78.3		3.46	6.38	1.17		0.574	0.511	0.845	0.904	0.812	0.693
CLM4.5	[-]	80.0	80.0		76.6	78.3		3.95	6.61	1.19		0.536	0.519	0.847	0.905	0.811	0.689
CLM5	[-]	77.0	77.0		76.6	78.3		1.10	5.80	1.20		0.646	0.512	0.841	0.845	0.820	0.696

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	74.9
CLM4	[-]	68.4	68.4		65.3	79.6		4.55	11.7	1.41		0.449	0.420	0.777	0.952	0.623	0.607
CLM4.5	[-]	68.4	68.4		65.3	79.6		4.60	12.0	1.40		0.437	0.420	0.780	0.954	0.621	0.605
CLM5	[-]	65.4	65.4		65.3	79.6		1.82	12.0	1.45		0.461	0.411	0.770	0.944	0.601	0.600

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	37.9
CLM4	[-]	42.4	42.4		36.6	70.8		7.18	12.1	0.829		0.456	0.511	0.860	0.956	0.641	0.656
CLM4.5	[-]	43.9	43.9		36.6	70.8		8.66	13.1	0.852		0.435	0.506	0.857	0.952	0.634	0.649
CLM5	[-]	42.8	42.8		36.6	70.8		7.67	12.8	0.887		0.429	0.499	0.851	0.959	0.629	0.644

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	77.9
CLM4	[-]	86.6	86.5		77.6	82.9		9.78	14.7	2.89		0.220	0.199	0.533	0.655	0.559	0.394
CLM4.5	[-]	87.0	86.9		77.6	82.9		10.2	14.7	2.70		0.208	0.208	0.567	0.671	0.583	0.408
CLM5	[-]	83.1	83.0		77.6	82.9		6.56	14.2	2.76		0.286	0.186	0.555	0.475	0.432	0.353

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.8
CLM4	[-]	63.9	63.9		68.1	78.3		-1.02	8.15	1.45		0.488	0.446	0.773	0.997	0.690	0.640
CLM4.5	[-]	64.5	64.5		68.1	78.3		-0.345	8.30	1.36		0.493	0.439	0.787	0.996	0.698	0.642
CLM5	[-]	62.3	62.3		68.1	78.3		-2.44	8.69	1.37		0.479	0.443	0.790	0.996	0.678	0.638

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.7
CLM4	[-]	76.7	76.9		69.4	76.3		7.77	9.09	1.36		0.307	0.484	0.779	0.999	0.794	0.641
CLM4.5	[-]	76.8	77.0		69.4	76.3		7.89	9.22	1.50		0.299	0.485	0.760	0.999	0.794	0.637
CLM5	[-]	71.8	71.9		69.4	76.3		2.90	5.87	1.85		0.616	0.470	0.719	0.995	0.786	0.676

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	72.4
CLM4	[-]	82.3	82.3		72.0	81.9		10.5	12.6	1.55		0.283	0.414	0.803	0.999	0.816	0.622
CLM4.5	[-]	82.6	82.6		72.0	81.9		10.8	12.8	1.52		0.270	0.420	0.809	0.996	0.802	0.619
CLM5	[-]	78.4	78.5		72.0	81.9		6.78	10.0	1.58		0.446	0.406	0.795	0.986	0.852	0.649

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	53.7
CLM4	[-]	57.3	57.5		53.2	81.4		4.81	8.82	0.643		0.666	0.567	0.925	0.993	0.777	0.749
CLM4.5	[-]	58.0	58.1		53.2	81.4		5.41	9.12	0.719		0.639	0.570	0.915	0.989	0.778	0.743
CLM5	[-]	53.9	54.1		53.2	81.4		1.43	8.63	0.748		0.717	0.546	0.913	0.980	0.758	0.743

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	84.9
CLM4	[-]	85.6	85.6		85.0	81.5		0.570	5.69	0.757		0.637	0.466	0.912	0.999	0.606	0.681
CLM4.5	[-]	84.8	84.8		85.0	81.5		-0.145	5.85	0.723		0.624	0.461	0.917	0.998	0.601	0.677
CLM5	[-]	82.0	82.0		85.0	81.5		-2.95	6.72	0.800		0.519	0.453	0.903	0.999	0.610	0.656

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	70.7
CLM4	[-]	73.3	73.0		70.4	79.2		3.08	7.98	0.875		0.545	0.530	0.890	0.902	0.599	0.666
CLM4.5	[-]	72.6	72.3		70.4	79.2		2.44	7.68	0.877		0.583	0.520	0.888	0.911	0.602	0.671
CLM5	[-]	69.9	69.6		70.4	79.2		-0.202	6.87	0.787		0.704	0.515	0.901	0.952	0.584	0.695

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [%]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Model Period Mean (complement) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]		Bias [%]	RMSE [%]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	65.5
CLM4	[-]	55.9	56.1		63.7	81.7		-5.06	13.1	1.05		0.392	0.423	0.858	0.972	0.690	0.626
CLM4.5	[-]	54.9	55.1		63.7	81.7		-5.95	13.5	1.04		0.380	0.419	0.857	0.978	0.691	0.624
CLM5	[-]	52.7	52.8		63.7	81.7		-7.98	14.9	1.02		0.345	0.421	0.860	0.978	0.686	0.618

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Interannual variability Interannual variability score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Wed Dec 2 12:03:21 PST 2015

  Conventions: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  source_file: This product is generated from monthly ERA interim observations

  title: derived ERA interim

  Approach: I read the monthly 2m dewpoint temperature and 2m surface air temperature from original file, and calculated 2m relative humidity using the way by John Dutton (Ceaseless Wind, John Dutton. McGraw-Hill, 1976. pp 273-274). The final data were saved by each month and each year.

  Temporal resolution: monthly

  General information: This product was derived from ERA interim Dataset (1979-present).

  Spatial resolution: 0.5x0.5, 1x1 and 2.5x2.5 degree

  Derived data code: http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-rhums-ERA-interim.ncl