Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	303.	303.	303.	304.	304.		-0.232	1.36	0.663		0.640	0.511	0.909	0.995	0.757	0.720
GSWP3v1	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	304.		1.74	2.05	0.327		0.302	0.646	0.958	0.997	0.803	0.725

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	307.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	307.	307.	305.	307.	305.		0.364	1.90	0.228		0.735	0.574	0.983	0.996	0.696	0.760
GSWP3v1	[-]	309.	309.	305.	307.	305.		1.99	2.21	0.175		0.491	0.761	0.986	0.996	0.882	0.813

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	302.	302.	300.	301.	302.		0.706	1.89	0.645		0.602	0.576	0.920	0.997	0.858	0.755
GSWP3v1	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	302.		1.80	2.11	0.314		0.436	0.727	0.962	0.998	0.835	0.781

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	266.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	263.	263.	266.	266.	269.		-2.27	2.97	0.0353		0.867	0.897	0.998	0.989	0.876	0.920
GSWP3v1	[-]	266.	266.	270.	266.	269.		0.485	1.77	0.0300		0.944	0.910	0.998	0.999	0.899	0.943

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	301.	301.	301.	304.	303.		-2.52	2.60	1.48		0.0894	0.479	0.770	0.886	0.764	0.578
GSWP3v1	[-]	305.	305.	304.	304.	303.		1.24	1.78	1.04		0.173	0.514	0.845	0.904	0.810	0.627

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	276.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	274.	274.	276.	276.	278.		-1.79	2.23	0.00705		0.887	0.922	1.00	0.992	0.967	0.948
GSWP3v1	[-]	276.	276.	278.	276.	278.		0.315	1.09	0.00657		0.961	0.944	1.00	1.00	0.972	0.970

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	286.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	285.	285.	290.	286.	289.		-0.406	1.96	0.0844		0.869	0.888	0.994	0.993	0.937	0.928
GSWP3v1	[-]	287.	286.	291.	286.	289.		0.928	1.61	0.0534		0.870	0.927	0.996	1.00	0.944	0.944

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	302.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	302.	302.	302.	302.	304.		-0.205	1.75	0.260		0.695	0.739	0.973	0.999	0.828	0.829
GSWP3v1	[-]	304.	304.	304.	302.	304.		1.33	1.91	0.185		0.602	0.814	0.981	0.999	0.915	0.854

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	268.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	265.	265.	265.	268.	268.		-2.53	3.11	0.0363		0.850	0.893	0.998	0.992	0.910	0.922
GSWP3v1	[-]	267.	267.	269.	268.	268.		-0.295	1.48	0.0122		0.962	0.918	0.999	1.00	0.912	0.951

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	302.	302.	296.	301.	299.		0.303	1.79	0.148		0.740	0.825	0.989	0.981	0.878	0.873
GSWP3v1	[-]	303.	303.	297.	301.	299.		1.80	2.04	0.119		0.668	0.878	0.991	0.997	0.906	0.886

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	286.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	284.	284.	286.	286.	289.		-1.17	1.79	0.267		0.823	0.889	0.982	0.995	0.925	0.917
GSWP3v1	[-]	286.	286.	287.	286.	289.		0.500	1.28	0.156		0.881	0.906	0.989	0.997	0.943	0.937

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	292.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	287.	292.	247.	292.	295.		-0.605	2.14	0.280		0.732	0.767	0.966	0.992	0.865	0.848
GSWP3v1	[-]	289.	293.	252.	292.	295.		1.14	1.82	0.164		0.688	0.837	0.982	0.997	0.910	0.875

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	303.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	304.	304.	301.	303.	303.		1.50	2.34	0.200		0.746	0.824	0.983	0.988	0.826	0.865
GSWP3v1	[-]	304.	304.	301.	303.	303.		1.71	2.09	0.112		0.736	0.893	0.991	0.998	0.912	0.904

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	268.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	267.	267.	264.	268.	270.		-1.79	2.60	0.0185		0.869	0.875	0.999	1.00	0.889	0.918
GSWP3v1	[-]	269.	269.	268.	268.	270.		0.304	1.58	0.0152		0.942	0.902	0.999	1.00	0.911	0.943

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	302.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	300.	299.	301.	302.	303.		-2.32	2.81	0.278		0.426	0.699	0.974	1.00	0.865	0.777
GSWP3v1	[-]	303.	303.	303.	302.	303.		1.40	2.07	0.283		0.533	0.743	0.973	0.986	0.906	0.814

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	292.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	290.	290.	296.	292.	297.		-1.79	2.01	0.0675		0.813	0.908	0.995	1.00	0.930	0.926
GSWP3v1	[-]	293.	293.	299.	292.	297.		0.963	1.27	0.0711		0.882	0.934	0.995	0.997	0.963	0.951

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	279.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	278.	278.	279.	279.	282.		-1.67	2.11	0.0338		0.859	0.906	0.998	0.997	0.940	0.934
GSWP3v1	[-]	280.	280.	281.	279.	282.		0.566	1.19	0.0362		0.930	0.926	0.998	0.998	0.959	0.956

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	291.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	290.	290.	291.	291.	292.		-1.07	2.13	0.0518		0.846	0.858	0.996	0.997	0.935	0.915
GSWP3v1	[-]	292.	292.	293.	291.	292.		1.22	1.73	0.0461		0.847	0.907	0.997	0.999	0.940	0.933

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	303.	303.	302.	304.	304.		-0.756	1.40	0.719		0.519	0.524	0.901	0.986	0.832	0.714
GSWP3v1	[-]	306.	306.	304.	304.	304.		1.64	1.95	0.380		0.246	0.646	0.949	1.00	0.903	0.732

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	301.	301.	298.	301.	297.		-0.000935	1.50	0.766		0.717	0.611	0.887	0.999	0.791	0.769
GSWP3v1	[-]	303.	303.	300.	301.	297.		1.71	1.87	0.285		0.484	0.775	0.964	0.999	0.917	0.819

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Interannual Variability Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	290.
CRUNCEPv7	[-]	290.	290.	291.	290.	289.		-0.559	2.32	0.378		0.583	0.703	0.951	0.996	0.864	0.800
GSWP3v1	[-]	292.	292.	293.	290.	289.		1.67	2.39	0.277		0.556	0.761	0.964	0.995	0.916	0.826

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Interannual variability Interannual variability score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Fri Feb 8 14:12:14 PST 2019

  contact: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Forrest Hoffman (forrest@climatemodeling.org) for any question

  history: 2018-01-15: download from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.01/cruts.1709081022.v4.01/ 2019-02-06: converted and created to netCDF4 for ILAMB package

  original_resolution: 0.5x0.5

  resolution: 0.5x0.5

  original_frequency: mon

  frequency: mon

  references: Harris et al., 2014, Int. J. Climatol., doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  institution: Original Data held at British Atmospheric Data Centre, RAL, UK.

  source: Run ID = 1709081022. Data generated from:TMX derived from gridded TMP & DTR absolutes, DTR in turn derived from tmn.1708171135.dtb, tmx.1708171215.dtb

  title: CRU TS4.01 Maximum Temperature

  Conventions: CF-1.7