Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.30
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.318	0.319	0.0101	1.30	0.000524		-0.622	1.01	3.07		0.0415	0.129	0.473	0.111	0.177
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.286	0.299	0.00485	1.30	0.000524		-0.630	0.998	2.72		0.0466	0.208	0.569	0.0925	0.225

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.184
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.253	0.240	0.000715	0.184	0.000637		0.0229	0.832	2.61		1.07	0.580	-0.214	0.0374	0.411
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.336	0.318	0.000670	0.184	0.000637		0.0543	0.812	2.33		1.22	0.549	0.314	0.0677	0.539

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.55
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.333	0.308	0.0213	2.55	0.00428		-0.682	1.04	2.14		0.143	0.326	0.634	0.0240	0.291
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.543	0.529	0.0117	2.55	0.00428		-0.611	0.985	2.36		0.168	0.333	0.503	0.0584	0.279

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.0114
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.0353	0.0340	0.00168	0.0112	0.000146		0.0193	0.481	0.750		2.34	1.16	2.09	0.123	1.38
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.0680	0.0678	0.000595	0.0112	0.000146		0.0504	0.649	0.322		2.68	1.38	1.35	0.435	1.45

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.09
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.428	0.300	0.118	1.06	0.0305		-0.736	0.922	2.17		0.0440	0.170	0.675	0.143	0.240
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.279	0.238	0.0395	1.06	0.0305		-0.731	0.895	2.21		0.0458	0.180	0.669	0.193	0.254

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.881
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.283	0.268	0.00440	0.880	0.000520		-0.188	0.751	0.724		0.750	0.458	0.945	0.343	0.591
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.473	0.456	0.00251	0.880	0.000520		-0.130	0.720	0.523		0.800	0.497	0.967	0.427	0.638

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.44
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.773	0.730	0.0460	1.44	-0.00125		-0.111	0.613	1.73		0.656	0.514	0.983	0.220	0.578
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.899	0.891	0.0180	1.44	-0.00125		-0.0806	0.645	1.89		0.694	0.537	0.962	0.278	0.602

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.10
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.431	0.368	0.0538	1.09	0.00674		-0.294	0.896	3.06		0.234	0.246	0.525	0.127	0.276
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.552	0.527	0.0214	1.09	0.00674		-0.212	1.01	3.41		0.286	0.253	0.473	0.141	0.281

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.0283
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.0300	0.0309	0.000982	-0.0281	-0.000156		0.0450	0.593	0.643		-0.253	-0.503	0.619	0.165	-0.0951
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.0456	0.0472	0.000382	-0.0281	-0.000156		0.0585	0.756	0.272		-0.288	-0.567	0.989	0.453	0.00412

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.545
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.161	0.121	0.0372	-0.550	0.00575		0.229	0.665	2.61		-0.146	-0.0302	0.215	0.0388	0.00957
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.163	0.147	0.0154	-0.550	0.00575		0.244	0.630	1.75		-0.167	0.0556	0.587	0.0407	0.114

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.00
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.435	0.388	0.0403	0.994	0.00608		-0.307	0.936	0.305		0.696	0.545	0.983	0.282	0.610
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.461	0.443	0.0144	0.994	0.00608		-0.255	0.993	0.292		0.731	0.538	0.983	0.421	0.642

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	17.1
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	5.78	5.24	0.545	17.0	0.111		-0.256	0.770	1.88		0.314	0.339	0.732	0.119	0.369
CLM5PHSON	[-]	6.55	6.35	0.196	17.0	0.111		-0.224	0.796	1.76		0.340	0.362	0.666	0.145	0.375

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.413
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.0828	0.0732	0.00958	-0.410	-0.00273		0.158	0.309	3.16		-0.0258	0.200	0.444	0.0496	0.174
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.109	0.104	0.00626	-0.410	-0.00273		0.173	0.387	2.44		-0.0487	0.0616	0.604	0.115	0.159

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.223
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.0551	0.0525	0.00155	-0.223	-0.000381		0.116	0.425	1.53		0.0261	0.236	0.537	0.0764	0.222
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.0647	0.0636	0.000818	-0.223	-0.000381		0.121	0.581	0.783		0.0217	0.204	0.826	0.143	0.280

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.603
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.213	0.170	0.0382	0.600	0.00308		-0.417	0.837	2.48		0.184	0.252	0.655	0.146	0.298
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.194	0.176	0.0153	0.600	0.00308		-0.381	0.795	2.27		0.203	0.290	0.694	0.151	0.326

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.18
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.350	0.325	0.0151	1.18	0.000875		-0.591	1.20	0.500		0.547	0.515	0.960	0.303	0.568
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.450	0.434	0.00648	1.18	0.000875		-0.511	1.14	0.527		0.578	0.551	0.959	0.289	0.586

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.411
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.213	0.209	0.00493	0.406	0.00483		-0.104	0.699	0.989		0.681	0.446	0.914	0.336	0.564
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.277	0.276	0.00217	0.406	0.00483		-0.0651	0.766	0.663		0.707	0.450	0.929	0.442	0.596

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.179
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.0924	0.0988	0.00224	0.178	0.00105		-0.0530	0.570	1.01		0.765	0.525	1.26	0.137	0.643
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.142	0.151	0.000657	0.178	0.00105		-0.0138	0.613	1.09		0.852	0.563	1.21	0.206	0.680

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.99
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.848	0.832	0.0124	3.99	0.00401		-1.03	1.16	2.67		0.0291	0.170	0.568	0.452	0.278
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.698	0.691	0.00325	3.99	0.00401		-1.07	1.18	3.45		0.0264	0.177	0.403	0.310	0.219

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.26
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.303	0.290	0.0179	2.26	0.000612		-0.829	1.11	1.72		0.287	0.376	0.744	0.210	0.399
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.415	0.415	0.00833	2.26	0.000612		-0.775	1.06	1.60		0.311	0.397	0.775	0.292	0.434

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Pg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Pg yr-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.0847
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	0.0697	0.0626	0.00436	0.0819	0.00275		-0.0193	0.527	2.04		0.828	0.599	0.961	0.0974	0.617
CLM5PHSON	[-]	0.0805	0.0738	0.00285	0.0819	0.00275		-0.00295	0.581	1.76		0.883	0.869	0.857	0.116	0.719

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Thu Jul 30 15:10:46 PDT 2015

  Conventions: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  source_file: This product is generated from monthly Global Biosphere Amtospher Flux (GBAF) observations

  title: derived GBAF in 0.5x0.5

  Approach: I read this variable from data file, and then save the data in NetCDF format by each month and each year. Meanwhile, I also converted the unit from gC/m2/day to KgC/m2/day.

  Temporal resolution: monthly

  General information: This product was derived from Monthly estimates of global biosphere-atmosphere fluxes from Biogeochemistry group at Max Planck Institute in Jena, Germany.

  Spatial resolution: 0.5x0.5 degree

  Derived data code: http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-nee-GBAF.ncl