Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	44.1
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	44.7	43.8	53.4	44.2	12.4		-0.488	15.8	1.57		0.446	0.229	0.746	0.935	0.517
CLM5PHSON	[-]	45.4	45.0	52.0	44.2	12.4		1.09	14.3	1.87		0.481	0.266	0.698	0.950	0.532

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	57.5
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	49.8	49.7	76.1	57.5	20.8		-8.01	19.9	0.569		0.430	0.435	0.958	0.861	0.624
CLM5PHSON	[-]	50.8	50.9	67.0	57.5	20.8		-6.70	20.0	0.772		0.447	0.430	0.936	0.843	0.617

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	52.8
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	56.3	55.2	66.4	53.0	19.6		2.15	18.1	0.474		0.580	0.457	0.955	0.975	0.685
CLM5PHSON	[-]	56.3	56.1	61.4	53.0	19.6		3.43	17.7	0.747		0.576	0.490	0.915	0.971	0.688

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	18.0
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	14.0	15.2	4.43	18.1	5.64		-2.93	21.7	0.726		0.772	0.455	0.940	0.920	0.709
CLM5PHSON	[-]	15.6	16.0	7.19	18.1	5.64		-2.63	19.1	0.548		0.786	0.515	0.959	0.930	0.741

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	22.1
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	28.4	25.9	33.2	22.8	10.8		3.21	15.4	1.47		0.261	0.193	0.778	0.790	0.443
CLM5PHSON	[-]	32.3	31.3	36.9	22.8	10.8		10.5	16.4	1.34		0.305	0.199	0.799	0.866	0.474

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	27.0
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	19.9	19.7	29.7	27.1	8.81		-7.36	18.0	0.673		0.697	0.558	0.946	0.970	0.746
CLM5PHSON	[-]	20.6	20.5	27.0	27.1	8.81		-6.35	15.9	0.553		0.733	0.601	0.949	0.935	0.764

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	28.4
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	36.9	36.6	39.6	28.4	24.4		8.11	18.8	0.716		0.674	0.527	0.931	0.942	0.720
CLM5PHSON	[-]	35.5	35.2	39.6	28.4	24.4		6.80	19.3	0.795		0.664	0.515	0.920	0.937	0.710

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	40.3
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	39.6	39.1	43.2	40.6	11.0		-1.62	18.8	0.606		0.542	0.493	0.946	0.856	0.666
CLM5PHSON	[-]	37.6	37.1	42.1	40.6	11.0		-3.33	20.5	0.882		0.499	0.461	0.910	0.879	0.642

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	15.2
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	5.54	6.38	-2.54	15.2	3.78		-8.87	21.5	0.928		0.685	0.481	0.927	0.899	0.695
CLM5PHSON	[-]	4.37	4.77	-2.26	15.2	3.78		-10.7	22.1	0.816		0.642	0.486	0.933	0.847	0.679

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	56.5
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	59.2	59.8	54.4	56.9	15.0		2.78	17.4	0.642		0.704	0.568	0.953	0.805	0.720
CLM5PHSON	[-]	59.7	60.1	51.0	56.9	15.0		2.71	15.4	0.540		0.712	0.620	0.962	0.893	0.761

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	20.2
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	26.1	24.5	36.6	20.4	7.08		4.04	16.7	0.654		0.721	0.605	0.942	0.801	0.734
CLM5PHSON	[-]	19.6	19.2	29.0	20.4	7.08		-0.160	16.0	0.832		0.722	0.598	0.916	0.822	0.731

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	34.3
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	31.4	36.9	13.9	34.6	11.5		2.22	19.7	0.823		0.594	0.475	0.923	0.928	0.679
CLM5PHSON	[-]	31.0	36.8	6.87	34.6	11.5		2.16	19.1	0.881		0.599	0.490	0.911	0.925	0.683

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	22.7
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	47.7	49.9	45.4	22.8	18.3		26.9	36.3	1.27		0.516	0.506	0.928	0.778	0.647
CLM5PHSON	[-]	45.5	48.2	43.0	22.8	18.3		26.2	36.6	1.26		0.509	0.485	0.937	0.776	0.639

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	17.0
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	8.63	9.84	0.308	17.0	4.51		-7.27	21.7	1.03		0.719	0.492	0.905	0.900	0.702
CLM5PHSON	[-]	9.34	9.87	0.733	17.0	4.51		-7.63	21.0	0.966		0.705	0.511	0.907	0.884	0.704

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	47.7
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	50.0	49.2	54.6	48.2	15.9		0.827	22.1	0.647		0.500	0.524	0.937	0.908	0.679
CLM5PHSON	[-]	50.2	49.8	55.9	48.2	15.9		1.46	21.3	0.676		0.515	0.534	0.932	0.885	0.680

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	28.6
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	34.0	33.6	39.2	28.7	12.1		4.78	14.8	0.837		0.700	0.474	0.898	0.971	0.704
CLM5PHSON	[-]	30.5	30.4	32.8	28.7	12.1		1.84	14.4	0.637		0.727	0.471	0.933	0.981	0.717

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	26.7
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	25.3	25.2	30.4	26.9	8.98		-1.75	17.3	0.672		0.776	0.573	0.947	0.965	0.767
CLM5PHSON	[-]	24.9	24.9	24.5	26.9	8.98		-1.95	16.2	0.693		0.785	0.593	0.937	0.969	0.775

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	49.7
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	45.2	44.7	64.5	49.8	11.0		-5.25	17.3	0.836		0.725	0.642	0.921	0.851	0.756
CLM5PHSON	[-]	44.9	44.6	66.6	49.8	11.0		-5.13	17.0	0.824		0.726	0.646	0.923	0.891	0.766

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	30.2
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	28.6	28.2	43.7	30.3	13.0		-2.05	14.4	1.30		0.412	0.225	0.833	0.619	0.463
CLM5PHSON	[-]	30.7	30.7	45.7	30.3	13.0		0.943	12.6	1.42		0.427	0.277	0.810	0.701	0.498

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	40.3
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	43.4	43.5	44.6	40.4	9.36		3.06	15.9	0.765		0.596	0.392	0.924	0.891	0.639
CLM5PHSON	[-]	42.8	43.1	40.0	40.4	9.36		2.70	14.4	0.875		0.607	0.430	0.911	0.875	0.651

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Watt/m2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Watt/m2]		Bias [Watt/m2]	RMSE [Watt/m2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	41.5
CLM5PHSOFF	[-]	64.8	62.8	73.4	42.0	6.56		20.3	33.8	0.554		0.491	0.535	0.954	0.851	0.673
CLM5PHSON	[-]	62.7	62.0	68.8	42.0	6.56		18.5	33.8	0.746		0.500	0.512	0.939	0.830	0.659

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Globe Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  creation_date: Tue Jul 28 15:54:11 PDT 2015

  Conventions: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

  source_file: This product is generated from monthly Global Biosphere Amtospher Flux (GBAF) observations

  title: derived GBAF in 0.5x0.5

  Approach: I read this variable from data file, and then save the data in NetCDF format by each month and each year. Meanwhile, I also converted the unit from MJoule*m-2*d-1 to Watt/m2.

  Temporal resolution: monthly

  General information: This product was derived from Monthly estimates of global biosphere-atmosphere fluxes from Biogeochemistry group at Max Planck Institute in Jena, Germany.

  Spatial resolution: 0.5x0.5 degree

  Derived data code: http://redwood.ess.uci.edu/mingquan/www/ILAMB/Download/CODES/CODES/subroutines/convert/convert-sh-GBAF.ncl