Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Australia Europe Global - Land North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.37
CLM50	[-]	8.31		3.94	5.40	1.01		0.438	0.383	0.935	0.535
CTSM51	[-]	7.85		3.48	5.11	1.52		0.459	0.378	0.817	0.508
DeadVeg	[-]	7.48		3.11	4.70	3.01		0.475	0.380	0.584	0.455

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.11
CLM50	[-]	1.28		-1.83	3.34	0.508		0.551	0.397	0.964	0.577
CTSM51	[-]	1.30		-1.81	3.44	0.508		0.555	0.382	0.964	0.571
DeadVeg	[-]	1.47		-1.64	3.18	1.02		0.587	0.417	0.933	0.588

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.77
CLM50	[-]	0.970		-2.80	3.94	1.03		0.378	0.381	0.930	0.518
CTSM51	[-]	0.765		-3.00	4.09	1.03		0.352	0.379	0.930	0.510
DeadVeg	[-]	0.962		-2.80	3.93	1.03		0.377	0.383	0.930	0.518

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.41
CLM50	[-]	1.33		-0.0786	2.21	0.508		0.753	0.298	0.976	0.582
CTSM51	[-]	1.19		-0.221	2.51	0.508		0.585	0.313	0.976	0.547
DeadVeg	[-]	2.36		0.953	3.75	0.508		0.713	0.163	0.976	0.504

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	7.09
CLM50	[-]	6.55		-0.540	1.57	1.02		0.459	0.116	0.933	0.406
CTSM51	[-]	6.78		-0.315	1.53	1.02		0.635	0.113	0.933	0.448
DeadVeg	[-]	7.85		0.759	2.05	1.02		0.335	0.0677	0.933	0.351

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.94
CLM50	[-]	2.48		-0.455	1.45	0.00		0.853	0.630	1.00	0.778
CTSM51	[-]	2.46		-0.473	1.61	0.00		0.848	0.603	1.00	0.764
DeadVeg	[-]	3.49		0.555	2.48	0.508		0.840	0.532	0.978	0.720

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.37
CLM50	[-]	2.99		0.615	1.66	1.02		0.730	0.505	0.851	0.648
CTSM51	[-]	3.18		0.806	1.81	1.19		0.700	0.492	0.823	0.627
DeadVeg	[-]	3.40		1.03	2.10	1.10		0.630	0.447	0.813	0.584

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.19
CLM50	[-]	2.87		-0.200	2.96	1.70		0.323	0.302	0.815	0.436
CTSM51	[-]	2.42		-0.641	2.82	1.75		0.347	0.313	0.803	0.444
DeadVeg	[-]	2.88		-0.190	3.06	1.74		0.361	0.272	0.803	0.427

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.92
CLM50	[-]	3.26		-0.658	2.70	0.708		0.673	0.514	0.956	0.664
CTSM51	[-]	3.24		-0.677	2.67	0.692		0.673	0.520	0.957	0.667
DeadVeg	[-]	3.43		-0.485	2.88	0.616		0.672	0.500	0.960	0.658

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.35
CLM50	[-]	2.96		-0.378	2.61	1.04		0.598	0.456	0.874	0.596
CTSM51	[-]	2.96		-0.376	2.56	1.03		0.612	0.461	0.875	0.603
DeadVeg	[-]	3.27		-0.0735	2.72	1.03		0.625	0.444	0.882	0.599

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.829
CLM50	[-]	1.92		1.09	2.25	0.339		0.474	0.245	0.974	0.484
CTSM51	[-]	1.75		0.921	2.04	0.339		0.557	0.285	0.974	0.525
DeadVeg	[-]	2.04		1.22	2.71	0.339		0.413	0.180	0.974	0.437

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.58
CLM50	[-]	8.37		1.79	3.37	3.57		0.455	0.287	0.369	0.350
CTSM51	[-]	8.53		1.94	3.47	3.57		0.426	0.286	0.369	0.342
DeadVeg	[-]	9.42		2.84	3.90	1.53		0.294	0.365	0.720	0.436

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.42
CLM50	[-]	2.87		-0.556	2.64	0.963		0.709	0.529	0.914	0.670
CTSM51	[-]	2.85		-0.570	2.60	0.826		0.709	0.536	0.935	0.679
DeadVeg	[-]	2.92		-0.501	2.60	0.963		0.724	0.526	0.910	0.671

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.29
CLM50	[-]	3.11		0.826	2.02	0.407		0.697	0.511	0.967	0.671
CTSM51	[-]	3.19		0.901	2.10	0.474		0.697	0.495	0.964	0.663
DeadVeg	[-]	3.45		1.16	2.45	0.949		0.662	0.443	0.939	0.622

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.33
CLM50	[-]	1.70		-0.632	2.56	1.09		0.511	0.371	0.873	0.531
CTSM51	[-]	2.03		-0.301	2.32	1.09		0.614	0.397	0.874	0.570
DeadVeg	[-]	2.46		0.127	2.40	0.946		0.638	0.385	0.877	0.571

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.65
CLM50	[-]	7.04		-2.61	3.21	4.03		0.283	0.311	0.342	0.312
CTSM51	[-]	7.19		-2.46	3.22	3.69		0.359	0.292	0.365	0.327
DeadVeg	[-]	10.2		0.552	1.86	4.03		0.737	0.346	0.342	0.443

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.98
CLM50	[-]	6.39		-0.591	1.58	0.00		0.730	0.450	1.00	0.658
CTSM51	[-]	6.24		-0.739	1.63	0.00		0.675	0.455	1.00	0.647
DeadVeg	[-]	6.03		-0.949	1.82	0.00		0.604	0.438	1.00	0.620

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.99
CLM50	[-]	2.55		-6.43	7.30	4.02		0.0996	0.339	0.259	0.259
CTSM51	[-]	2.88		-6.10	6.92	4.02		0.112	0.365	0.259	0.275
DeadVeg	[-]	3.24		-5.75	7.13	1.02		0.128	0.365	0.933	0.447

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:

2015

  Institutions:

FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  References:

Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:

Fluxnet variable(s) used: GPP_DT_VUT_REF