Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.47
CLM50	[-]	2.29	2.43	3.53	0.0397	0.00901		-2.23		0.719	0.787	0.753
CTSM51	[-]	2.26	2.39	3.53	0.0387	0.00901		-2.33		0.712	0.775	0.744
DeadVeg	[-]	2.31	2.45	3.53	0.0362	0.00901		-2.21		0.736	0.791	0.764

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	5.23
CLM50	[-]	2.48	2.28	5.19	0.0135	0.00842		-4.41		0.394	0.196	0.295
CTSM51	[-]	2.41	2.22	5.19	0.0127	0.00842		-4.51		0.391	0.185	0.288
DeadVeg	[-]	2.48	2.27	5.19	0.0129	0.00842		-4.42		0.394	0.200	0.297

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.53
CLM50	[-]	3.42	3.22	4.46	0.204	0.00711		-1.30		0.423	0.379	0.401
CTSM51	[-]	3.21	3.02	4.46	0.191	0.00711		-1.52		0.413	0.342	0.377
DeadVeg	[-]	3.19	3.00	4.46	0.199	0.00711		-1.56		0.411	0.369	0.390

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.06
CLM50	[-]	0.370	0.347	1.08	0.0228	0.00346		-2.39		0.528	0.120	0.324
CTSM51	[-]	0.347	0.325	1.08	0.0212	0.00346		-2.46		0.517	0.114	0.315
DeadVeg	[-]	0.397	0.371	1.08	0.0258	0.00346		-2.29		0.542	0.0859	0.314

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.20
CLM50	[-]	1.90	1.42	2.13	0.478	0.0783		-1.51		0.840	0.632	0.736
CTSM51	[-]	1.89	1.42	2.13	0.470	0.0783		-1.53		0.838	0.712	0.775
DeadVeg	[-]	2.01	1.52	2.13	0.492	0.0783		-1.05		0.867	0.940	0.903

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.28
CLM50	[-]	1.81	1.70	6.40	0.0501	0.00484		-5.39		0.519	0.0839	0.301
CTSM51	[-]	1.81	1.70	6.40	0.0478	0.00484		-5.40		0.522	0.0678	0.295
DeadVeg	[-]	1.79	1.68	6.40	0.0485	0.00484		-5.42		0.521	0.0416	0.281

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	17.5
CLM50	[-]	3.70	3.54	17.4	0.173	0.00434		-7.73		0.504	0.184	0.344
CTSM51	[-]	3.64	3.48	17.4	0.165	0.00434		-7.77		0.502	0.169	0.336
DeadVeg	[-]	3.82	3.65	17.4	0.169	0.00434		-7.67		0.517	0.179	0.348

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.61
CLM50	[-]	2.87	2.58	6.56	0.280	0.0366		-5.75		0.586	0.504	0.545
CTSM51	[-]	2.74	2.46	6.56	0.269	0.0366		-5.95		0.574	0.458	0.516
DeadVeg	[-]	2.94	2.67	6.56	0.275	0.0366		-5.62		0.596	0.512	0.554

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.30
CLM50	[-]	0.445	0.417	1.34	0.0317	0.00149		-2.98		0.537	0.0547	0.296
CTSM51	[-]	0.411	0.385	1.34	0.0291	0.00149		-3.08		0.521	0.0558	0.288
DeadVeg	[-]	0.435	0.405	1.34	0.0333	0.00149		-3.02		0.529	0.0412	0.285

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.77
CLM50	[-]	2.10	1.81	3.75	0.293	0.0207		-2.33		0.577	0.340	0.458
CTSM51	[-]	2.06	1.80	3.75	0.271	0.0207		-2.35		0.581	0.294	0.437
DeadVeg	[-]	2.08	1.81	3.75	0.269	0.0207		-2.33		0.578	0.339	0.459

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.91
CLM50	[-]	1.28	1.14	4.87	0.134	0.0261		-7.61		0.491	0.126	0.309
CTSM51	[-]	1.24	1.10	4.87	0.130	0.0261		-7.68		0.489	0.131	0.310
DeadVeg	[-]	1.25	1.11	4.87	0.133	0.0261		-7.67		0.497	0.105	0.301

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	88.2
CLM50	[-]	39.3	36.5	88.0	2.70	0.278		-3.89		0.543	0.428	0.485
CTSM51	[-]	38.2	35.5	88.0	2.59	0.278		-3.97		0.540	0.411	0.475
DeadVeg	[-]	38.7	36.0	88.0	2.66	0.278		-3.93		0.547	0.413	0.480

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.41
CLM50	[-]	1.22	1.15	3.39	0.0850	0.0114		-1.36		0.601	0.121	0.361
CTSM51	[-]	1.23	1.16	3.39	0.0854	0.0114		-1.36		0.601	0.125	0.363
DeadVeg	[-]	1.38	1.31	3.39	0.0923	0.0114		-1.26		0.624	0.136	0.380

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.56
CLM50	[-]	0.762	0.653	3.60	0.0965	0.0111		-5.47		0.502	0.0385	0.270
CTSM51	[-]	0.722	0.619	3.60	0.0914	0.0111		-5.53		0.493	0.0330	0.263
DeadVeg	[-]	0.797	0.673	3.60	0.114	0.0111		-5.42		0.508	0.0410	0.274

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.98
CLM50	[-]	1.20	0.934	1.95	0.253	0.0290		-3.31		0.675	0.722	0.699
CTSM51	[-]	1.18	0.915	1.95	0.247	0.0290		-3.40		0.669	0.696	0.682
DeadVeg	[-]	1.16	0.904	1.95	0.241	0.0290		-3.43		0.667	0.730	0.698

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.09
CLM50	[-]	1.59	1.45	4.06	0.0925	0.00206		-6.91		0.552	0.396	0.474
CTSM51	[-]	1.52	1.39	4.06	0.0883	0.00206		-7.07		0.543	0.395	0.469
DeadVeg	[-]	1.41	1.29	4.06	0.0787	0.00206		-7.36		0.526	0.276	0.401

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.46
CLM50	[-]	1.14	1.06	2.49	0.0895	0.00374		-2.97		0.596	0.0368	0.316
CTSM51	[-]	1.10	1.02	2.49	0.0845	0.00374		-3.05		0.610	0.0383	0.324
DeadVeg	[-]	1.10	1.01	2.49	0.0954	0.00374		-3.07		0.612	0.0294	0.321

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.85
CLM50	[-]	0.797	0.839	3.81	0.00507	0.00396		-7.48		0.504	0.0743	0.289
CTSM51	[-]	0.812	0.853	3.81	0.00525	0.00396		-7.44		0.498	0.0774	0.288
DeadVeg	[-]	0.804	0.844	3.81	0.00513	0.00396		-7.46		0.489	0.0702	0.280

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.52
CLM50	[-]	5.93	5.70	6.58	0.195	0.000106		-1.00		0.728	0.176	0.452
CTSM51	[-]	5.80	5.58	6.58	0.187	0.000106		-1.15		0.720	0.213	0.467
DeadVeg	[-]	5.70	5.49	6.58	0.186	0.000106		-1.27		0.712	0.361	0.537

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.44
CLM50	[-]	3.26	3.18	3.42	0.116	0.00578		-0.300		0.303	0.139	0.221
CTSM51	[-]	3.14	3.05	3.42	0.110	0.00578		-0.491		0.300	0.125	0.212
DeadVeg	[-]	3.03	2.96	3.42	0.103	0.00578		-0.653		0.292	0.119	0.206

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [Tg yr-1]	Model Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [Tg yr-1]		Bias [kg ha-1 yr-1]		Bias Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.80
CLM50	[-]	0.658	0.634	1.74	0.0324	0.0104		-3.44		0.577	0.311	0.444
CTSM51	[-]	0.652	0.629	1.74	0.0319	0.0104		-3.46		0.579	0.302	0.440
DeadVeg	[-]	0.628	0.600	1.74	0.0370	0.0104		-3.53		0.569	0.326	0.448

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score

  Title:

Biological Nitrogen Fixation

  Version:

1

  Institutions:

University of Exeter

  Source:

A comprehensive global meta analysis of field measurements

  History:

2020-12-14: obtained dataset 2020-12-14: converted to netCDF

  References:

Davies-Barnard, T. and Friedlingstein, P. (2020), The Global Distribution of Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Terrestrial Natural Ecosystems, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 3, doi:10.1029/2019GB006387

  Comments:

time_period: single estimate from 1980 through 2019

temporal_resolution: monthly

spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

units: kg m-2 s-1

  Convention:

CF-1.8