Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.8
CLM50	[-]	12.0	12.0	10.8	7.40	7.98		0.988	1.32	0.562		0.717	0.917	0.920	0.970	0.888
CTSM51	[-]	11.9	11.9	10.8	7.60	7.98		0.875	1.21	0.646		0.750	0.909	0.908	0.982	0.891
DeadVeg	[-]	7.74	7.77	10.8	5.63	7.98		-3.17	3.25	0.993		0.300	0.863	0.853	0.975	0.771

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.6
CLM50	[-]	14.5	14.6	13.6	9.19	11.1		0.936	1.09	0.591		0.775	0.915	0.936	0.984	0.905
CTSM51	[-]	14.7	14.7	13.6	9.32	11.1		1.06	1.26	0.690		0.748	0.887	0.924	0.964	0.882
DeadVeg	[-]	10.5	10.6	13.6	6.40	11.1		-3.07	3.28	1.23		0.327	0.786	0.864	0.997	0.752

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.8
CLM50	[-]	13.9	14.0	12.8	6.78	9.05		0.868	1.28	0.417		0.723	0.925	0.950	0.978	0.900
CTSM51	[-]	13.9	14.0	12.8	6.94	9.05		0.865	1.28	0.463		0.727	0.914	0.943	0.981	0.896
DeadVeg	[-]	9.99	10.1	12.8	6.26	9.05		-2.98	3.24	1.06		0.324	0.830	0.875	0.960	0.764

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.32
CLM50	[-]	9.64	9.75	9.36	5.90	7.80		0.0917	0.963	1.80		0.872	0.831	0.696	0.979	0.842
CTSM51	[-]	9.65	9.75	9.36	6.23	7.80		0.121	1.19	1.99		0.860	0.776	0.664	0.983	0.812
DeadVeg	[-]	6.19	6.22	9.35	5.11	7.79		-3.22	3.45	1.16		0.274	0.754	0.832	0.732	0.669

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.50
CLM50	[-]	10.1	10.4	9.58	6.96	8.85		0.0692	1.61	0.858		0.672	0.949	0.884	0.964	0.884
CTSM51	[-]	9.93	10.2	9.58	6.95	8.85		-0.0637	1.57	1.01		0.682	0.942	0.860	0.980	0.881
DeadVeg	[-]	6.21	6.32	9.57	5.17	8.84		-3.55	3.62	1.27		0.371	0.915	0.834	0.716	0.750

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.6
CLM50	[-]	11.2	11.2	10.7	5.70	8.39		0.535	0.987	1.19		0.823	0.838	0.814	0.988	0.860
CTSM51	[-]	11.8	11.8	10.7	6.25	8.39		1.13	1.60	1.08		0.680	0.761	0.850	0.991	0.809
DeadVeg	[-]	8.10	8.11	10.6	5.93	8.38		-2.54	2.73	1.24		0.373	0.787	0.816	0.692	0.691

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.6
CLM50	[-]	12.0	12.1	11.6	5.43	7.96		0.380	0.891	0.686		0.833	0.884	0.905	0.999	0.901
CTSM51	[-]	12.3	12.4	11.6	5.60	7.96		0.591	1.07	0.804		0.790	0.865	0.896	0.998	0.883
DeadVeg	[-]	9.39	9.45	11.6	5.54	7.95		-2.26	2.46	1.39		0.444	0.833	0.810	0.969	0.778

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.1
CLM50	[-]	12.1	12.2	11.2	6.79	8.48		0.576	1.10	0.516		0.771	0.909	0.939	0.976	0.901
CTSM51	[-]	12.4	12.5	11.2	7.05	8.48		0.901	1.39	0.542		0.709	0.890	0.934	0.973	0.879
DeadVeg	[-]	8.88	8.94	11.1	5.93	8.47		-2.49	2.83	1.46		0.426	0.794	0.789	0.959	0.752

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.38
CLM50	[-]	8.46	8.54	8.41	5.61	7.44		-0.00350	0.802	0.797		0.895	0.854	0.871	0.951	0.885
CTSM51	[-]	8.63	8.72	8.41	5.83	7.44		0.175	1.22	1.22		0.835	0.775	0.798	0.890	0.815
DeadVeg	[-]	6.01	6.06	8.39	4.67	7.43		-2.41	2.59	0.670		0.399	0.798	0.919	0.960	0.775

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.5
CLM50	[-]	14.5	14.7	13.5	7.29	10.2		0.707	1.19	0.387		0.746	0.931	0.963	0.929	0.900
CTSM51	[-]	14.6	14.7	13.5	7.71	10.2		0.770	1.19	0.395		0.741	0.934	0.962	0.946	0.904
DeadVeg	[-]	10.3	10.4	13.5	6.14	10.2		-3.47	3.55	0.780		0.255	0.874	0.931	0.996	0.786

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.56
CLM50	[-]	9.50	9.60	8.57	6.68	7.64		0.636	1.24	0.607		0.722	0.866	0.922	0.938	0.863
CTSM51	[-]	9.78	9.86	8.57	7.27	7.64		0.929	1.45	0.882		0.678	0.840	0.890	0.945	0.838
DeadVeg	[-]	7.23	7.29	8.58	5.66	7.64		-1.53	1.89	0.970		0.555	0.855	0.889	0.990	0.829

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.7
CLM50	[-]	12.0	12.5	11.7	7.87	8.87		0.542	1.12	0.669		0.777	0.894	0.908	0.993	0.893
CTSM51	[-]	12.1	12.6	11.7	7.90	8.87		0.638	1.25	0.766		0.755	0.869	0.895	0.994	0.877
DeadVeg	[-]	8.30	9.02	11.7	2.46	8.86		-2.87	3.11	1.23		0.356	0.820	0.833	0.949	0.756

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	14.0
CLM50	[-]	15.3	15.4	14.0	7.78	11.0		1.14	1.49	0.668		0.689	0.911	0.909	0.962	0.877
CTSM51	[-]	15.3	15.4	14.0	7.97	11.0		1.19	1.52	0.729		0.684	0.907	0.899	0.970	0.873
DeadVeg	[-]	12.1	12.1	14.0	7.18	11.0		-2.01	2.53	1.55		0.494	0.829	0.778	0.987	0.784

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.33
CLM50	[-]	8.48	8.57	8.34	5.67	7.34		-0.0515	0.829	0.803		0.882	0.852	0.877	0.960	0.884
CTSM51	[-]	8.48	8.56	8.34	5.86	7.34		-0.0405	1.02	0.960		0.877	0.801	0.849	0.964	0.858
DeadVeg	[-]	6.13	6.17	8.34	4.63	7.33		-2.32	2.59	1.38		0.409	0.756	0.791	0.986	0.739

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.2
CLM50	[-]	14.1	14.4	13.4	8.98	10.2		0.0680	1.31	0.557		0.727	0.908	0.937	0.973	0.891
CTSM51	[-]	14.0	14.3	13.4	9.10	10.2		0.0388	1.27	0.558		0.735	0.909	0.934	0.976	0.892
DeadVeg	[-]	9.51	9.65	13.4	6.94	10.2		-4.33	4.43	0.822		0.216	0.830	0.910	0.873	0.732

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.0
CLM50	[-]	12.2	12.2	12.0	9.32	9.89		0.0604	0.791	0.965		0.847	0.892	0.847	0.899	0.875
CTSM51	[-]	12.1	12.1	12.0	9.54	9.89		-0.0712	0.948	1.17		0.857	0.835	0.818	0.937	0.857
DeadVeg	[-]	8.74	8.74	12.0	7.63	9.87		-3.33	3.39	1.83		0.181	0.851	0.718	0.994	0.719

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.8
CLM50	[-]	11.3	11.3	10.8	7.06	7.43		0.296	0.856	0.695		0.815	0.883	0.905	0.995	0.896
CTSM51	[-]	11.4	11.4	10.8	7.20	7.43		0.358	1.06	1.03		0.802	0.828	0.849	0.997	0.861
DeadVeg	[-]	8.35	8.36	10.9	5.77	7.44		-2.63	2.75	1.29		0.305	0.819	0.815	0.979	0.747

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	15.2
CLM50	[-]	15.1	15.1	15.2	9.59	11.0		-0.165	0.963	0.478		0.848	0.845	0.946	0.999	0.896
CTSM51	[-]	15.1	15.1	15.2	10.5	11.0		-0.170	1.18	0.548		0.818	0.806	0.937	0.991	0.872
DeadVeg	[-]	10.6	10.6	15.2	6.09	11.0		-4.66	4.77	0.825		0.0722	0.791	0.905	0.797	0.671

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.2
CLM50	[-]	11.1	11.1	10.2	7.01	9.42		0.807	1.00	0.383		0.787	0.944	0.954	0.990	0.924
CTSM51	[-]	10.9	10.9	10.2	7.10	9.42		0.598	0.864	0.485		0.825	0.931	0.943	0.990	0.924
DeadVeg	[-]	6.64	6.65	10.2	5.17	9.41		-3.60	3.65	0.672		0.265	0.900	0.921	0.932	0.783

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.6
CLM50	[-]	12.4	12.5	11.6	7.17	9.06		0.765	0.961	0.400		0.787	0.938	0.951	0.985	0.920
CTSM51	[-]	12.5	12.6	11.6	7.42	9.06		0.811	1.01	0.430		0.778	0.929	0.946	0.993	0.915
DeadVeg	[-]	8.43	8.50	11.6	6.12	9.04		-3.18	3.29	0.802		0.273	0.846	0.914	0.988	0.773

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.4
CLM50	[-]	13.7	13.7	12.5	8.61	7.53		0.537	1.32	0.894		0.723	0.875	0.887	0.973	0.867
CTSM51	[-]	13.7	13.7	12.5	8.88	7.53		0.562	1.40	1.02		0.714	0.857	0.861	0.976	0.853
DeadVeg	[-]	10.8	10.8	12.5	6.27	7.52		-2.30	3.17	1.61		0.362	0.798	0.786	0.977	0.744

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

CRU time series (TS) high-resolution gridded datasets

  Version:

4.02

  Institutions:

Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

  Source:

monthly observations of 2-meter maximum and minimum air temperature at meteorological stations across the world land areas

  History:

2019-05-06: downloaded source from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.02/

2019-05-06: converted to netCDF with https://gist.github.com/nocollier/d73585731756fa472731065389af45dc

  References:

Harris, I., P.D. Jones, T.J. Osborn and D.H. Lister (2014), Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10 Dataset, International Journal of Climatology, 34(3), 623-642, doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  Comments:

time_period: 1960-01 through 2017-12

original_temporal_resolution: monthly

original_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

original_units: C

final_temporal_resolution: monthly

final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

final_units: K

  Convention:

CF-1.7