Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Australia Europe Global - Land North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	24.8
CLM50	[-]	26.6		1.81	1.91	0.508		0.263	0.696	0.966	0.655
CTSM51	[-]	26.5		1.70	1.83	0.508		0.287	0.684	0.966	0.655
DeadVeg	[-]	26.1		1.31	1.51	0.508		0.363	0.691	0.966	0.678

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	27.8
CLM50	[-]	28.8		0.996	1.74	0.00		0.654	0.598	1.00	0.713
CTSM51	[-]	28.7		0.846	1.72	0.00		0.697	0.573	1.00	0.711
DeadVeg	[-]	27.5		-0.310	1.68	1.02		0.915	0.506	0.933	0.715

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	22.3
CLM50	[-]	23.8		1.48	2.41	0.00		0.556	0.472	1.00	0.625
CTSM51	[-]	23.6		1.31	2.44	0.00		0.594	0.441	1.00	0.619
DeadVeg	[-]	22.7		0.323	2.58	1.02		0.879	0.362	0.933	0.634

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-11.8
CLM50	[-]	-12.2		-0.463	2.03	0.00		0.973	0.889	1.00	0.938
CTSM51	[-]	-12.8		-1.01	2.24	0.00		0.943	0.884	1.00	0.928
DeadVeg	[-]	-13.9		-2.18	2.53	0.00		0.883	0.894	1.00	0.917

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	25.3
CLM50	[-]	26.8		1.43	1.47	0.00		0.121	0.603	1.00	0.582
CTSM51	[-]	26.7		1.38	1.43	0.00		0.130	0.558	1.00	0.562
DeadVeg	[-]	26.9		1.56	1.57	1.02		0.101	0.583	0.933	0.550

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.61
CLM50	[-]	3.13		-0.479	1.25	0.00		0.922	0.903	1.00	0.932
CTSM51	[-]	2.19		-1.42	2.09	0.00		0.886	0.845	1.00	0.894
DeadVeg	[-]	1.62		-2.00	2.46	0.00		0.843	0.851	1.00	0.886

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.27
CLM50	[-]	6.66		0.394	1.66	0.0861		0.872	0.903	0.994	0.918
CTSM51	[-]	6.43		0.161	1.55	0.0861		0.879	0.902	0.994	0.919
DeadVeg	[-]	5.23		-1.03	1.99	0.0861		0.829	0.900	0.994	0.906

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	20.6
CLM50	[-]	21.2		0.708	1.40	0.319		0.765	0.776	0.979	0.824
CTSM51	[-]	21.1		0.589	1.40	0.320		0.763	0.766	0.979	0.819
DeadVeg	[-]	20.7		0.155	1.36	0.274		0.807	0.757	0.982	0.826

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.37
CLM50	[-]	9.81		0.434	1.83	0.141		0.822	0.858	0.991	0.882
CTSM51	[-]	9.26		-0.112	2.04	0.188		0.812	0.825	0.987	0.863
DeadVeg	[-]	8.89		-0.483	1.96	0.172		0.798	0.844	0.988	0.869

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.4
CLM50	[-]	10.7		0.359	1.65	0.151		0.821	0.847	0.989	0.876
CTSM51	[-]	10.3		-0.00683	1.75	0.166		0.820	0.829	0.988	0.867
DeadVeg	[-]	9.79		-0.538	1.84	0.181		0.817	0.830	0.987	0.866

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-7.46
CLM50	[-]	-7.89		-0.432	2.66	0.00		0.922	0.856	1.00	0.908
CTSM51	[-]	-8.59		-1.14	2.97	0.00		0.906	0.850	1.00	0.901
DeadVeg	[-]	-9.37		-1.92	2.84	0.00		0.875	0.861	1.00	0.899

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	25.3
CLM50	[-]	26.6		1.34	1.36	0.00		0.0667	0.335	1.00	0.434
CTSM51	[-]	26.7		1.39	1.40	0.00		0.0607	0.337	1.00	0.433
DeadVeg	[-]	26.7		1.39	1.42	0.00		0.0599	0.308	1.00	0.419

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.23
CLM50	[-]	9.42		0.192	1.11	0.111		0.929	0.915	0.989	0.937
CTSM51	[-]	9.20		-0.0336	1.14	0.111		0.927	0.910	0.989	0.934
DeadVeg	[-]	8.81		-0.419	1.28	0.111		0.911	0.903	0.989	0.927

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.0990
CLM50	[-]	-0.787		-0.688	1.53	0.00		0.933	0.923	1.00	0.945
CTSM51	[-]	-1.15		-1.05	1.74	0.00		0.920	0.916	1.00	0.938
DeadVeg	[-]	-1.94		-1.84	2.40	0.00		0.871	0.901	1.00	0.918

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	12.4
CLM50	[-]	13.2		0.840	2.08	0.255		0.818	0.828	0.983	0.864
CTSM51	[-]	12.8		0.420	1.99	0.255		0.847	0.813	0.983	0.864
DeadVeg	[-]	12.3		-0.0312	1.94	0.292		0.853	0.807	0.981	0.862

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	25.8
CLM50	[-]	26.9		1.15	1.36	0.00		0.230	0.514	1.00	0.565
CTSM51	[-]	26.9		1.18	1.40	0.00		0.225	0.505	1.00	0.559
DeadVeg	[-]	26.1		0.360	0.763	0.00		0.646	0.515	1.00	0.669

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	21.6
CLM50	[-]	22.2		0.573	0.979	0.983		0.877	0.860	0.937	0.884
CTSM51	[-]	22.0		0.415	0.926	0.983		0.910	0.841	0.937	0.882
DeadVeg	[-]	21.0		-0.579	0.880	0.983		0.876	0.857	0.937	0.882

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	19.7
CLM50	[-]	17.3		-2.39	2.32	0.00		0.682	0.884	1.00	0.863
CTSM51	[-]	17.1		-2.62	2.61	0.00		0.657	0.880	1.00	0.854
DeadVeg	[-]	16.2		-3.50	3.33	0.00		0.571	0.860	1.00	0.823

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:

2015

  Institutions:

FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  References:

Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:

Fluxnet variable(s) used: TA_F