Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Australia Europe Global - Land North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	4.37
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	8.13		3.76	5.79	2.50		0.453	0.316	0.671	0.439
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	8.15		3.78	5.80	2.50		0.450	0.316	0.671	0.438
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	8.04		3.67	5.70	3.01		0.376	0.294	0.508	0.368
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	8.54		4.16	5.61	3.02		0.302	0.340	0.505	0.372

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.11
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	1.15		-1.96	3.00	0.508		0.531	0.465	0.964	0.606
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	1.24		-1.87	2.95	0.508		0.547	0.468	0.964	0.612
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	0.925		-2.19	3.15	0.508		0.493	0.460	0.964	0.594
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	0.962		-2.15	3.26	0.508		0.498	0.435	0.964	0.583

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.77
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	4.85		1.08	2.71	0.983		0.686	0.448	0.937	0.630
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	5.23		1.47	2.79	0.983		0.600	0.473	0.937	0.621
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	3.90		0.132	2.44	0.983		0.955	0.432	0.937	0.689
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	4.77		1.00	2.56	0.983		0.706	0.467	0.937	0.644

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	1.41
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	0.600		-0.810	1.89	0.508		0.621	0.404	0.976	0.601
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	0.727		-0.683	1.81	0.508		0.666	0.416	0.976	0.619
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	0.898		-0.512	1.91	0.508		0.700	0.394	0.976	0.616
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	0.847		-0.563	1.87	0.508		0.692	0.404	0.976	0.619

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	7.09
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	10.2		3.14	3.42	1.02		0.0109	0.182	0.933	0.327
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	10.4		3.28	3.56	1.02		0.00889	0.173	0.933	0.322
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	10.1		3.02	3.24	0.00		0.0129	0.338	1.00	0.422
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	8.98		1.89	2.11	1.02		0.0656	0.358	0.933	0.428

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.94
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	2.89		-0.0487	1.64	0.508		0.884	0.583	0.978	0.757
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	2.92		-0.0153	1.64	0.508		0.888	0.584	0.978	0.759
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	3.04		0.108	1.64	0.508		0.888	0.591	0.978	0.762
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.60		-0.336	1.45	0.00		0.872	0.632	1.00	0.784

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.37
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	2.41		0.0350	1.38	0.935		0.729	0.561	0.875	0.681
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	2.42		0.0461	1.39	0.935		0.720	0.558	0.875	0.678
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	2.43		0.0585	1.39	1.02		0.686	0.571	0.871	0.675
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.23		-0.148	1.26	1.02		0.748	0.607	0.866	0.707

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.19
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	3.30		0.114	2.61	1.97		0.395	0.318	0.750	0.445
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	3.34		0.152	2.63	1.97		0.383	0.318	0.750	0.443
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	3.08		-0.108	2.50	2.06		0.446	0.312	0.733	0.451
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	3.23		0.0454	2.53	2.10		0.383	0.343	0.722	0.448

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.92
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	2.94		-0.978	2.52	0.661		0.656	0.549	0.951	0.676
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	2.99		-0.924	2.50	0.586		0.663	0.549	0.952	0.679
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	3.00		-0.914	2.51	0.723		0.661	0.548	0.946	0.676
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.74		-1.18	2.60	0.663		0.627	0.549	0.947	0.668

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.35
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	2.91		-0.443	2.44	0.929		0.602	0.478	0.900	0.615
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	2.95		-0.398	2.44	0.905		0.601	0.479	0.900	0.615
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	2.91		-0.446	2.43	0.920		0.603	0.477	0.884	0.610
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.74		-0.613	2.42	0.895		0.575	0.486	0.871	0.604

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.829
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	1.02		0.192	1.10	0.339		0.762	0.490	0.974	0.679
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	1.07		0.240	1.11	0.339		0.750	0.485	0.974	0.674
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	0.970		0.141	1.01	0.339		0.805	0.494	0.974	0.692
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	1.09		0.263	1.09	0.339		0.743	0.492	0.974	0.675

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.58
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	10.3		3.73	4.42	1.53		0.204	0.473	0.720	0.468
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	10.4		3.84	4.54	1.53		0.196	0.456	0.720	0.457
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	9.96		3.37	4.10	1.53		0.236	0.437	0.720	0.457
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	8.83		2.24	3.36	4.55		0.376	0.346	0.151	0.305

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	3.42
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	2.62		-0.805	2.75	0.771		0.647	0.507	0.936	0.649
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	2.65		-0.775	2.75	0.771		0.645	0.507	0.936	0.649
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	2.65		-0.775	2.77	0.771		0.646	0.503	0.936	0.647
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.53		-0.896	2.75	0.468		0.641	0.515	0.953	0.656

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.29
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	2.24		-0.0487	1.66	0.0678		0.768	0.542	0.994	0.712
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	2.28		-0.00420	1.65	0.0678		0.772	0.544	0.994	0.714
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	2.45		0.160	1.68	0.00		0.777	0.539	1.00	0.714
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.17		-0.120	1.49	0.00		0.769	0.581	1.00	0.733

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	2.33
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	2.21		-0.118	2.36	0.910		0.525	0.403	0.879	0.552
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	2.25		-0.0846	2.36	0.910		0.525	0.406	0.879	0.554
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	2.19		-0.144	2.35	0.837		0.528	0.405	0.879	0.554
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	2.12		-0.214	2.31	1.02		0.529	0.409	0.823	0.543

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.65
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	9.65		-0.00495	1.81	1.36		0.759	0.332	0.874	0.574
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	9.77		0.116	1.82	1.36		0.726	0.332	0.874	0.566
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	9.02		-0.632	2.02	2.73		0.621	0.317	0.564	0.455
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	7.51		-2.14	2.93	2.38		0.295	0.285	0.588	0.363

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	6.98
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	7.70		0.728	2.49	1.03		0.679	0.286	0.930	0.546
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	7.74		0.766	2.52	1.03		0.666	0.284	0.930	0.541
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	7.85		0.872	2.25	1.03		0.629	0.337	0.930	0.559
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	7.06		0.0827	1.83	0.00		0.957	0.380	1.00	0.679

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	8.99
CTSM51_CRUJRA	[-]	1.14		-7.85	8.37	3.03		0.0600	0.413	0.502	0.347
CTSM51_CRUJRA_FLDS	[-]	1.21		-7.78	8.28	3.03		0.0614	0.419	0.502	0.350
CTSM51_CRUNCEPV7	[-]	0.837		-8.15	8.65	3.03		0.0538	0.389	0.502	0.333
CTSM51_GSWP3V1	[-]	1.00		-7.99	8.37	3.03		0.0571	0.404	0.502	0.342

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:

2015

  Institutions:

FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  References:

Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:

Fluxnet variable(s) used: GPP_DT_VUT_REF