Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
I123	[-]	302.	302.	304.	303.	303.		-1.59	1.83	0.794		0.343	0.695	0.916	0.998	0.729
post5.4	[-]	302.	302.	304.	304.	304.		-1.43	1.73	0.740		0.370	0.679	0.929	0.995	0.730

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	307.
I123	[-]	305.	305.	307.	304.	304.		-1.43	1.86	0.365		0.582	0.729	0.974	0.989	0.800
post5.4	[-]	306.	306.	307.	305.	304.		-1.02	1.57	0.351		0.656	0.735	0.975	0.992	0.819

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
I123	[-]	300.	300.	301.	300.	303.		-1.50	1.97	0.558		0.470	0.699	0.927	0.985	0.756
post5.4	[-]	301.	301.	302.	300.	303.		-0.911	1.56	0.582		0.543	0.712	0.927	0.961	0.771

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	266.
I123	[-]	262.	262.	266.	266.			-3.66	4.33	0.0333		0.793	0.876	0.998	0.999	0.908
post5.4	[-]	264.	264.	267.	267.			-2.61	3.44	0.0327		0.847	0.882	0.998	0.998	0.921

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
I123	[-]	302.	302.	304.	302.	304.		-1.91	2.06	1.13		0.185	0.620	0.840	0.785	0.610
post5.4	[-]	302.	302.	304.	302.	304.		-1.70	1.91	1.11		0.204	0.615	0.840	0.743	0.603

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	276.
I123	[-]	273.	273.	276.	275.	278.		-3.63	3.96	0.0128		0.782	0.905	0.999	0.985	0.915
post5.4	[-]	274.	274.	277.	276.	279.		-2.71	2.98	0.0193		0.831	0.929	0.999	0.987	0.935

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	286.
I123	[-]	284.	284.	286.	289.	291.		-2.17	2.71	0.0643		0.796	0.913	0.995	0.998	0.923
post5.4	[-]	285.	285.	286.	290.	292.		-1.47	2.10	0.0801		0.834	0.928	0.994	0.999	0.936

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	303.
I123	[-]	301.	301.	303.	303.	303.		-1.73	2.35	0.246		0.576	0.756	0.976	1.00	0.813
post5.4	[-]	301.	301.	303.	303.	303.		-1.26	1.91	0.262		0.633	0.798	0.974	1.00	0.840

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	268.
I123	[-]	264.	264.	268.	265.	272.		-3.86	4.31	0.0212		0.776	0.886	0.999	1.00	0.909
post5.4	[-]	265.	266.	268.	266.	272.		-2.89	3.32	0.00567		0.826	0.906	1.00	1.00	0.927

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	301.
I123	[-]	299.	299.	301.	294.	299.		-2.32	2.53	0.130		0.614	0.830	0.990	1.00	0.853
post5.4	[-]	300.	300.	302.	295.	299.		-1.41	1.59	0.121		0.730	0.901	0.989	1.00	0.904

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	286.
I123	[-]	284.	284.	286.	286.	293.		-2.18	2.49	0.163		0.735	0.910	0.989	0.998	0.908
post5.4	[-]	285.	285.	287.	287.	294.		-1.37	1.84	0.231		0.805	0.915	0.984	0.997	0.923

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	292.
I123	[-]	286.	290.	292.	249.	300.		-2.38	2.85	0.278		0.621	0.815	0.970	0.991	0.843
post5.4	[-]	287.	291.	293.	252.	300.		-1.75	2.29	0.283		0.674	0.833	0.970	0.993	0.860

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	303.
I123	[-]	301.	301.	303.	299.	296.		-1.46	2.19	0.269		0.746	0.880	0.980	1.00	0.897
post5.4	[-]	302.	302.	303.	300.	296.		-1.08	1.92	0.296		0.776	0.881	0.976	1.00	0.903

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	269.
I123	[-]	266.	266.	269.	263.			-3.34	4.04	0.0110		0.774	0.847	0.999	0.995	0.893
post5.4	[-]	267.	267.	269.	265.			-2.39	3.12	0.0125		0.830	0.865	0.999	0.996	0.911

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	302.
I123	[-]	299.	299.	302.	301.	304.		-2.53	2.92	0.319		0.424	0.761	0.974	0.996	0.783
post5.4	[-]	301.	301.	303.	302.	304.		-1.68	2.28	0.242		0.504	0.780	0.978	1.00	0.809

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	292.
I123	[-]	290.	290.	292.	296.	300.		-2.04	2.17	0.0642		0.798	0.926	0.996	0.995	0.928
post5.4	[-]	291.	291.	292.	296.	300.		-1.61	1.70	0.0856		0.830	0.944	0.994	0.999	0.942

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	280.
I123	[-]	277.	277.	280.	279.			-2.88	3.22	0.0976		0.777	0.892	0.993	0.987	0.908
post5.4	[-]	278.	278.	280.	280.			-2.00	2.30	0.0951		0.833	0.915	0.994	0.997	0.931

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	291.
I123	[-]	288.	288.	291.	289.	290.		-3.14	3.44	0.0876		0.706	0.885	0.994	1.00	0.894
post5.4	[-]	289.	289.	291.	289.	290.		-2.43	2.82	0.0896		0.756	0.886	0.993	0.999	0.904

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	304.
I123	[-]	302.	302.	304.	302.	305.		-2.29	2.55	0.881		0.158	0.669	0.883	0.969	0.669
post5.4	[-]	302.	302.	304.	303.	305.		-1.92	2.23	0.869		0.197	0.694	0.888	0.974	0.689

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	302.
I123	[-]	300.	300.	302.	298.	293.		-1.96	2.16	0.494		0.459	0.723	0.945	0.989	0.768
post5.4	[-]	300.	300.	302.	299.	293.		-1.46	1.70	0.481		0.529	0.754	0.948	0.988	0.795

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	290.
I123	[-]	290.	289.	290.	292.	291.		-0.697	2.20	0.373		0.584	0.749	0.949	0.990	0.804
post5.4	[-]	290.	290.	290.	292.	291.		-0.318	2.06	0.398		0.605	0.752	0.947	0.992	0.810

Africa - Central Africa - Sahel Africa - South Asia - East Siberia Asia - Indonesia Asia - North Central Asia - South Central Asia and China Asia - Southeast Asia and India Asia - West Siberia Australia Europe Global - Land Middle East and Sahara North America - Alaska and Northern Canada North America - Central America North America - Eastern United States North America - Southern Canada North America - Western United States South America - Amazon South America - Southeast South America - Southwest Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

CRU time series (TS) high-resolution gridded datasets

  Version:

4.02

  Institutions:

Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

  Source:

monthly observations at meteorological stations across the world land areas

  History:

2019-05-06: downloaded source from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.02/

2019-05-06: converted to netCDF with https://gist.github.com/nocollier/d73585731756fa472731065389af45dc

  References:

Harris, I., P.D. Jones, T.J. Osborn and D.H. Lister (2014), Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10 Dataset, International Journal of Climatology, 34(3), 623-642, doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  Comments:

time_period: 1960-01 through 2017-12

original_temporal_resolution: monthly

original_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

original_units: C

final_temporal_resolution: monthly

final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

final_units: K

  Convention:

CF-1.7